2023年表格式教学设计方案(六篇)
方案是从目的、要求、方式、方法、进度等都部署具体、周密,并有很强可操作性的计划。方案对于我们的帮助很大,所以我们要好好写一篇方案。下面是小编帮大家整理的方案范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
表格式教学设计方案篇一
1、理解重点词句,让学生了解鱼、牛、燕子尾巴的用处和壁虎的尾巴的再生的特点等有关科学常识,并受到文明礼貌教育。
2、指导学生有感情地朗读课文。
3、利用课文提供的知识和叙述方式训练学生的说话能力。
1、师:四肢短短,身体扁平;墙上爬行,专吃蚊蝇;尾巴易断,断了再生。
2、学生猜出后出示“壁虎”图。
师:今天我们一齐来学习小壁虎借尾巴的故事。
评:根据小壁虎的外形特征、生活习性和生理特点编成谜语,唤起学生头脑中小壁虎的表象。“壁虎”一词用谜语引出,可以避免生硬地介绍有关知识,然后由壁虎自然引出课题。教学环节的衔接流畅有趣,使学生在愉悦的气氛中开始新课的学习。
3、看看壁虎的外形,再读读课题,你有什么疑问吗?
评:教会学生由题目提出问题,既训练思维,又培养学生提出问题的能力。
1、学生第1遍读课文:
要求遇到生字看清拼音读准确, 边读边画出文中有几个自然段。
2、第2遍读课文:
指名7个学生,一人读一个自然段,要求把音读准,尽量做到不添字、不漏字,不读错字。
读后老师正音。
3、第3遍读课文:
要求正确流利,边读边想,提出不理解的词语和问题。
师:我们读3遍课文,每遍的要求一样吗?
评:教师要给学生较多的读书时间,培养学生读书的习惯。此处设计的三读课文,各有要求,而且逐步提高,对一年级学生来说,这是最基本的读书方法的指导。
1、出示图一:
大家先看一看课文中的第一幅插图,思考:
要想知道“小壁虎为什么借尾巴”得从哪几个自然段找答案。
⑴ 小壁虎为什么要借尾巴?
学生选第1、2自然段,各自轻声读。
出示活动投影片《小壁虎挣断尾巴》。
读后判断:
小壁虎的尾巴是怎么断的?
① 小壁虎的尾巴是被蛇咬断的。(×)
② 小壁虎的尾巴是被蛇咬住后,自己挣断的。(√)
⑵ 假如小壁虎不挣断尾巴,会出现什么情况?
从壁虎挣断尾巴,可以看出小壁虎的尾巴有什么作用?
评:一年级的学生在回答这个问题时,大都是说小壁虎的尾巴是被蛇咬断的。为了培养学生认真读书的习惯,通过投影的动态演示,使学生明白,小壁虎的尾巴是挣断的。并在此基础上讲清了壁虎的尾巴,有保护自己生命的作用。
2、老师范读第2自然段:
⑴ 要求学生从课文内容及老师读的语气,体会小壁虎当时的心情,说说标点符号“?”所起的作用。
⑵ 学生练习有感情的朗读。
评:让学生听听,说说,练练,引导他们开动脑筋,认真读书。
3、看图,听第3~5自然段的课文录音:
⑴ 思考:
小壁虎向谁去借尾巴?
附图。
⑵ 用“先……然后……最后……”连起来说一句完整的话。
评:结合看图听读课文,从整体入手,了解课文内容,并使听力与口头表达能力同时得到训练。
4、读议第3~5自然段:
⑴ 学习第3自然段:
① 用引读法让学生理解第3自然段每句话的意思和叙述顺序。
教师引读:
小壁虎爬到哪?→看见谁?→他怎么说?→对方怎么回答?
② 学生比较下面的句子和标点:
┌小鱼,你把尾巴借给我!
└小鱼姐姐,把您的尾巴借给我行吗?
引导学生理解用上“姐姐、您、行吗”等词语,及询问的语气,说明小壁虎十分有礼貌。
┌小鱼说:“不行!我要用尾巴拨水。”
└小鱼说:“不行啊,我要用尾巴拨水呢。”
引导学生体会加上“氨“呢”这些语气词,可以表现小鱼是友好拒绝,和因不能把尾巴借给小壁虎而为难的心情。
③ 指导学生有感情朗读对话。
评:通过2组对话的比较和反复诵读,引导学生进入角色,带着情感去朗读,这样,既进行了语言文字训练,又进行了文明礼貌教育。
④ 演示活动投影片:
理解“摇着”、“拨水”并让学生做动作演示。
⑤ 小结:
课文第3段先写小壁虎爬到哪里,看见什么,再写小壁虎怎么说,最后写小鱼怎么答。这样就写清了小壁虎是怎样向小鱼借尾巴的。
评:教“小壁虎向小鱼借尾巴”这一段,采用“扶”的办法,初步引导学生理解句子之间的联系。
⑵ 半扶半放,教学第4自然段:
① 学生自读:
说说这一段先写什么,再写什么,最后写什么,体会到第4段与第3段写法相似,只是地点变了,借尾巴的对象变了。
② 指名学生用手势做“甩”的动作。
③ 用课文中的一句话,说说老黄牛为什么没有把尾巴借给小壁虎。
④ 师生分角色朗读。
⑶ 以放为主,学生自学第5自然段:
① 学生自学本段:
想一想1、2两句写什么?3、4两句写什么?
② 指名学生有感情朗读本段:
让学生找出说明燕子尾巴作用的词语。
(摆、掌握方向)
③ 让学生做手势,帮助理解“摆”,“掌握方向”的意思。
评:对于叙述顺序相似的3、4、5自然段,教师采用教──扶──放的方法指导,不仅使教学环节避免了重复,而且也培养了学生的自学兴趣与能力。
⑷ 总结3、4、5自然段:
让学生把3、4、5自然段连起来朗读,用“因为……所以……”这个句式说说小鱼、黄牛、燕子为什么没把尾巴借给小壁虎。
5、让学生把手当作动物的“尾巴”,演示辨析“冶、“甩”、“摆”三个动词,体会几个词的意思,以及它们之间的差别。
评:让学生用这样的方法理解词语,有很强的直观性,把这几个重点词放在一起,学生自己演示,自己感受,再一次加以领会,效果很好。
6、读议第6、7自然段:
⑴ 指名读课文:
要求学生找出一组反义词,说说小壁虎心情起先怎么样,后来怎么样。
⑵ 指导学生有感情朗读课文:
读出从“难过”到“高兴”的心情。
评:通过抓一组反义词,把两个自然段的内容全概括了,教学环节简洁,又抓住了关键。
⑶ 小壁虎把借尾巴的事告诉了妈妈,谁来扮演小壁虎把借尾巴的经过告诉妈妈,想一想该怎样说?
评:这样等于让学生复述了课文的主要内容,训练了他们的语言表达能力,而且在具体的语言环境中理解了“告诉”一词的意思。
1、说说学了这篇课文你知道了哪些动物尾巴的作用?
2、填空练习:
⑴ 小鱼(摇)着尾巴,在(河里)游来游去。
⑵ 黄牛(甩)着尾巴,在(树下)吃草。
⑶ (燕子)摆着尾巴,在(空中)飞来飞去。
⑷ 小鱼用尾巴(拨水),黄牛用尾巴(赶蝇子), 燕子用尾巴(掌握方向),小壁虎的尾巴断了以后,还能(长出来)。
评:总结课文,既要归纳课文,又要进行语言训练。
1、阅读短文《有趣的尾巴》了解文中提到的松鼠、啄木鸟、猴子、响尾蛇等动物尾巴的作用。
2、选择上述短文中提到的一种小动物,照书上第3至第5自然段的顺序,说一说小壁虎怎样向这些动物借尾巴。
评:这样训练学生说话,既拓宽了知识面,又依照课文进行成段说话的训练,将增长知识和有条理地说话训练结合起来。(点评:王秀荣)
表格式教学设计方案篇二
����
����1�������øµï¿½ê¾ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡¢å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½í±ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����3�����ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����
����1��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö«ï¿½ì¶ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½;ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½×¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¬;î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµä¹ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½
������������ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ó¡£¡ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó²ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ê¼ï¿½â¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
���������ì»ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1������ä£ï¿½
����òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ �߶��߻��������ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����2����2������ä£ï¿½
����ö¸ï¿½ï¿½7��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â©ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
����������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3����3������ä£ï¿½
����òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½3����ä£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
����������ê¦òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£¬¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½é·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1����ê¾í¼ò»ï¿½ï¿½
��������è¿ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµäµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����òªï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò´ð°¸¡ï¿½
������ ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½îªê²ã´òªï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½?
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½1��2��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¾ï¿½î¶¯í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������ð¶ï£ï¿½
����ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ïµï¿½?
������ ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò§ï¿½ïµä¡ï¿½(��)
������ ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò§×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¡ï¿½(��)
������ ����ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
�����ó±ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
��������ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò§ï¿½ïµä¡ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����2����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½?����������ã¡ï¿½
������ ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����3����í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��5��è»ï¿½îµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëè¥ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½?
������í¼ï¿½ï¿½
������ �ã¡ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ó¡¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ï¿ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ãµï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4�������3��5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½3��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��è»ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?������ë?������ã´ëµ?���ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ø´ï¿½?
������ ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½óºí±ï¿½ã£º
������ð¡ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!
������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡±µè´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ¯ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½
������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!��òªï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í²ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í²ï¿½ë®ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñºã¾ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ï¿½î²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������í¨ï¿½ï¿½2��ô»ï¿½ï¿½ä±è½ïºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ��ê¾ï¿½î¶¯í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
�������⡰ò¡ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½
������ ð¡ï¿½á£º
�������äµï¿½3����ð´ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµä¡ï¿½
���������ì¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½
������ �����å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½4��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½4�����3��ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ö»ï¿½çµøµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ �ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï»ï¿½å£îªê²ã´ã»ï¿½ð°ï¿½î²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½é«ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ �ô·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½1��2����ð´ê²ã´?3��4����ð´ê²ã´?
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£
����(�ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)
������ ��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ·ï¿½ï¿½ò¡±µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½
����������������ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½3��4��5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ì©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ �ü½ï¿½3��4��5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��4��5��è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ëµëµð¡ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ã»ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¼¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½
����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ðºï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ê·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üºã¡ï¿½
����6�������6��7��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
����òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ò»ï¿½é·´ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ëµëµð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
���������ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
��������í¨ï¿½ï¿½×¥ò»ï¿½é·´ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ë¹ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½â¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ë������ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµ?
������������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1��ëµëµñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
����2�������ï°ï¿½ï¿½
������ ð¡ï¿½ï¿½(ò¡)��î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(����)������è¥ï¿½ï¿½
������ ��å£(ë¦)��î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(����)�ô²ý¡ï¿½
������ (����)����î²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(����)������è¥ï¿½ï¿½
������ ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½(��ë®)����å£ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½(��ó¬ï¿½ï¿½)�� ������î²ï¿½ï¿½(���õ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��ð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºó£¬»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(������)��
���������ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¿ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1���ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ñ¡¢ºï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ßµè¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����2��ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½3����5��è»ï¿½îµï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµð¡ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½í¡ï¿½
������������ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ð³é¶ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(������������)
表格式教学设计方案篇三
1、能正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,背诵课文第二段。
2、积累表示颜色的词语。
3、理解课文内容,观察天上的云,仿照课文的写法写一段话。
4、培养学生对自然美的感悟能力。
师:同学们,今天老师带来了一位同学默写的词语,这位同学是个马大哈!写字总是缺胳膊少腿的。
1、出示含有错别字的词语:
师:你们这些小老师们谁来帮帮他?
2、指名到前面来修改。
(设计一个让学生感兴趣的情境,既调动了学生的积极性,又让学生在乐趣中记住了词语的写法。)
3、齐读。
1、回忆第一段讲了什么?
板书:
上来了
2、齐读。
过渡:
火烧上来了,地面上的一切都变了,真神奇呀!那火烧云又是如何变化的呢?
板书:
变化
1、默读第二段,思考:
课文是从哪两个方面写火烧云的变化?
板书:
颜色形状
2、教学第二自然段:
⑴ 听录音。
(观察图片)
⑵ 听了这一自然段,火烧云的变化给你留下了什么印象?
板书:
多快
⑶ 从哪儿看出多,你能找出表示颜色的词语吗?
(指名圈出)
出示:
照样子,找出其他表示颜色的词语:
红通通 ______ ______ ______
茄子紫 ______ ______ ______
(讲练结合,拓展延伸,让学生学习课文的同时,能学到课堂以外的知识,掌握运用知识的方法。)
⑷ 又从哪儿看出颜色变化“快”呢?
(一会儿……一会儿……)
⑸ 天上的云从西边一直烧到东边“中的“烧”可以用什么词语来换呢?那作者为什么不用“?”而用“烧”呢?
(“烧”写出了动态,表示了颜色,点明了课题。)
(让学生反复推敲文章中的语言文字,体会精确的语言与文章的中心思想有着密切的关系。)
⑹ 指导朗读。
(喜悦语气)
3、教学第3~5自然段:
过渡:
火烧云的颜色是如此的色彩斑斓,瞬息万变,那么它的形状又是如何变化的呢?
⑴ 指名读,思考:
这3年自然段写火烧云形状的变化,那它变成了什么形状呢?
板书:
狗、马、狮子
⑵ 齐读第3自然段,思考:
① 马出现时是什么样子的?
② 马是怎样变化,又是如何消失的?
⑶ 自学第4、5自然段。
⑷ 检查自学情况,师生共同交流。
(新课程强调,教师是学生学习的合作者、引导者和参与者。本处设计让学生自学,与老师共同交流,体现了这一点。同时,培养了学生的自学能力。)
⑸ 听录音,小结:
谁能用《黄山奇松》中的`一个词来概括火烧云的状变化?
板书:
千姿百态
(回忆巩固以前所学的知识,学以致用。)
师:火烧云真是太美了,读了课文让人有种身临其境的感觉,这么美的景观你们愿意背诵下来吗?选择一段你喜欢的景色背诵下来吧!
(此处设计是为了调动学生背诵课文的积极性,选择自己喜欢的背,变教师要求的被动为学生自己选择的主动。充分体现学生学习的自主性。)
1、学生选择背诵。
2、指名背。
观察天上的云,仿照课文中的写法写一段话。
(作业的设计,为了让学生掌握课文中的写法,将其运用到现实生活中来,体现了语文的工具性。)
上来了
颜色 多 快
火烧云 变化
形状 千姿百态 快
下来了
表格式教学设计方案篇四
教学目标:
1.认识本课生字12个,会写10个字,在学文中培养学生独立识字的能力和主动识字的习惯。
2.通过有感情地朗读课文,感受夏天的迷人,积累词句,培养表达、想像能力。
3.在读中激发学生对大自然、对生活的无限热爱之情。
一、导入:
1.师:同学们先吟唱一遍古诗《小池》。(生唱)
2.师:你们说说《小池》描写的是什么季节的景物。(板书:夏天)“夏”字哪儿容易写错?(中间两横描红,学生说笔顺时用重音把两横强调出来。书空后指导在田字格里书写。)
二.初步感知课文,学习生字
1、说到夏天,你首先会想到什么?(热、吃冰淇淋、吃西瓜、游泳、捉蜻蜓)
2、大家的感受真丰富!有位小朋友把自己的感受写了下来,文章就叫《迷人的夏天》,(板书课题,有感情地读),想读一读吗?
3、自由读课文,标上自然段,不认识的字圈起来,用我们学过的识字方法去认识它。
4、把生字条里的字读给你同桌听,不会的请同桌教一教。看谁读的最响亮,学得最认真,能够得到同桌的表扬。
5、指名分段读课文,看看还能学许那些生字,读好那些句子。
6、看来,大家学得都不错了。我们检验一下学习效果。
7、分组比赛朗读。
要求:注意听,认真想。小作者眼中的夏天是怎么样的?用波浪线画出来。
三.读中感悟,升华情感、积累语言,运用语言。
1、反馈:课文有几个自然段?在小作者的眼中,夏天是什么样的?板书:多彩、有趣、炎热、悠闲迷人
2.你喜欢什么样的夏天?选择你喜欢的一段,读一读,并想想你为什么喜欢它?在这一自然段后面写上你喜欢的理由。
3.反馈:(学生任选一段说)
(1)第二自然段――多彩:
①夏天是多彩的,你们能从这段中画出描写颜色的词吗? ②除了这些词,还从那些词语中读出美?
③欣赏写夏天的美景图。
④这么美的夏天,你想怎么读这一段?(指导朗读)
⑤如果去掉写颜色的词语,读一读有什么感觉。对!好词的运用能使文章增色不少。
⑥用加上一些词语方法,使这把看到的鲜花图片说的更生动。
(2)第三自然段――有趣:
①你从哪儿看出“有趣”?(生说)
②写了那些小动物,它们的活动是怎样的?这样写你感到了什么?(抓住赛歌会、提灯笼两个词,启发学生想象,感受拟人句的作用。) ③读出你自己的趣味来吧!(自由读。)
④改写后两句(青蛙呱呱叫,萤火虫飞来飞去),使学生体会原句的好处。
⑤用学习的修辞手法描写下列几种动物的活动。(蝴蝶跳舞、蜜蜂唱歌、蜻蜓点水、蟋蟀弹琴。)
⑥句式训练:我们可以到花丛边看(),听(),也可以到小河边欣赏(),还可以到草从旁听()。
四、作业。
1、背诵2、3自然段。
2、选择花或者是动物的活动,写一段话。
教学后记:
夏天对孩子们来说丰富多彩,学生能有感情朗读课文,抓住课文的重点词语和句子来理解课文,能自己找到文中的精彩的句子,词语。
迷人的夏天 教案教学设计(北师大版二年级第四册) 《迷人的夏天》是一篇词美、句美、意境美的小散文。文章以“炎热——多彩——有趣——悠闲”为主线,从贴近学生生活情趣的事例展开描写,从多个角度写出了夏天迷人的生活。学习这篇文章,会让孩子感受到生活在这样迷人的夏季中是快乐、幸福的。在教学本课时,我是这样设计的:
一、激趣入境
1、小朋友们,万物复苏的春天过去了,炎热的夏天已经来到了我们身边,你喜欢夏天吗?为什么呢?(教师可给孩子充足的时间,让他们想,让他们说,引导他们把自己亲身感受到的夏天说出来。)
2、孩子们说得真好!每个人心中、每个人眼中的夏天都是不同的。今天,就让我们一起来感受这迷人的夏天吧!(板书课题)
二、走进夏天,认读生字
1、出示生字,点名认读。
2、准确的读出生词。(幻灯片出示)
3、可爱的红花字卡出示要求会写的生字,认读并组词,个别选择造句。
三、整体感知
1、现在就让我们带着对夏天的喜爱,带着自己的感情来朗读课文。 2、分组分段朗读课文。边读边想:你感受到了什么?
3、交流读后感受,教师相机板书。
四、品读课文,体会理解
引导学第一段
1、课文哪一段描写了夏天是炎热的?你能把它读给大家听吗?2、其他同学边听边想边划:你从哪些语句感受到了夏天的炎热?3、交流并指导朗读。
4、点名有感情的朗读这一段。
学法小结
1、回忆学习第一段的方法,可以同桌交流。
2、教师引导总结并板书:读——划——想、说——读。
扶着学第二段
1、点名读,其它同学边听边划:夏天里有哪些漂亮的颜色?
2、全班交流,教师板书。
3、“盛开的鲜花”“五颜六色的衣裙”多么能激发人们丰富的想像呀!快想想夏天有哪些颜色的花?你还能用哪些词语来形容夏天的多彩?(相机评价)
4、夏天是五彩缤纷的,夏天更是瓜果飘香的季节。看!多么冰凉可口的西瓜,拿它来招待朋友,那感觉_!对,那感觉_!再读一遍!“那感觉真好!”
5、夏天的颜色真美!夏天的水果真好!夏天里有趣的事真多!悠闲的
事更多!现在,快让我们一起来看看夏天里都发生了些什么事吧!
放手学三、四段
1、再次回顾学习方法,同桌合作学习三、四段,重点划出夏天里发生的有趣、悠闲的事。
2、指导朗读。抓住“在晴朗的夜晚,我们还可以望着星空畅想”,出示星空图,让学生理解“畅想”,并说说如果是你坐在美丽的星空下,你会想些什么?(相机评价)
3、小结:像我们这样痛快地想、尽情地想、放飞思想地想就叫“畅想”。 学习第五段
1、“夏天是迷人的,一切都在夏天里走向成熟。”引读,齐读,加深感情再读。
2、为什么说“一切都在夏天里走向成熟”?
五、再次整体感知
1、夏天是五彩缤纷的,春天是生机勃勃的,秋天是硕果累累的,冬天是白雪皑皑的。四季,无论是哪一季,都是那么的美,那么的令人陶醉。就让我们再次来感受夏天的迷人!
2、动画播放课文朗读,边听边欣赏夏天的美景,在大脑中整体感知课文内容。
六、拓展练习
1、这么迷人的夏天,快用你智慧的大脑,丰富的想像把它描绘出来吧!仿照课文写一写,争当小诗人、小作家。
2、这么美的夏天,我们还可以用不同的方式将它留在身边,你准备怎样把它留下来?(读一读课文、画画、写小诗、日记、照相??)
3、小结。
表格式教学设计方案篇五
����
������������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½äµú¶ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½
�����������û±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£
������������������ý£ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»í¬ñ§ä¬ð´ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½î»í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ì²²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµä¡ï¿½
����������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£º
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ë���������
��������ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¸ä¡ï¿½
���������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ð¼ï¿½×¡ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������
����
�������������ò»ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
�������飺
����������
�������������
����
�������é£ï¿½
�������������ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ò»ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½
�������飺
�����仯
��������ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½
�������飺
������é«ï¿½ï¿½×´
����������ñ§ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
������ ��â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������û²ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
������ ������ò»ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ó¡ï¿½ï¿½
�������飺
�������
������ ���ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ö¸ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½
���������ó£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½:
������í¨í¨ �ߣߣߣߣߣ� �ߣߣߣߣߣ� �ߣߣߣߣߣ�
���������� �ߣߣߣߣߣ� �ߣߣߣߣߣ� �ߣߣߣߣߣ�
������������ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ �ö´ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡±ï¿½ø£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ���ïµï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö±ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½
���������õ¡ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¾«è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ñ§ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½
�������é£ï¿½
���������æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½é«ï¿½ê°ï¿½ìµ£ï¿½ë²ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½
������ ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����⣳����è»ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ø£ï¿½
�������飺
������������ê¨ï¿½ï¿½
������ ����ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ������ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµä£ï¿½
������ ���������仯�����������ê§ï¿½ä£ï¿½
������ ��ñ§ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½
������ �����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������â¿î³ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºí²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã¡£í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ��â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á£º
����ë���ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½`ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½×´ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½
�������飺
����ç§ï¿½ë°ï¿½ì¬
���������乮����ç°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾³ï¿½ä¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½â±³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½
�������ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½äµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦òªï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½
��������ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����������
ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é« ï¿½ï¿½ ��
���������� �仯
������״ ç§ï¿½ë°ï¿½ì¬ ��
����������
表格式教学设计方案篇六
������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����1.��ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12������ð´10���ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½öµï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
����2.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û´ê¾ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3.�ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ö®ï¿½é¡£
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£º
����1.ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2.ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£(���飺����)���ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ë³ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õºï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������.������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1��ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ëµ½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¾ï¿½ï¿½×½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½
����2����òµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾í½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�����é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4��������������ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£
����5��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½
����6�����������ñ§ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����7����������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����òªï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������.���ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����1�������������ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2.��ï²ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¿ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
����3.��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ò»ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½
������1���ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¨d�d��ê£ï¿½
�����������ç¶ï¿½êµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½
��������ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������è¥ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ã´êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½
�������ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½í¼æ¬ëµï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2��������è»ï¿½î¨d�d��è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½
������ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �û¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ü¸ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ð£ï¿½ó©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��äºã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡¢ï¿½û·ä³ªï¿½è¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°µ¯ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����þ¾ï¿½ê½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ý´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½
����1������2��3��è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����2��ñ¡ï¿½ñ»¨»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½
��������ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¾ï¿½ï¿½êµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£
�������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½) �����ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡·ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡é¢ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡£ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ó¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¸ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä£ï¿½
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ë¾³
��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸´ï¿½õµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?îªê²ã´ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½é¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)
��������������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶¼ï¿½ç²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£©
���������߽����죬�ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������׼è·ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½
���������é°ï¿½ï¿½äºì»¨ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£
�������������öª
�����������ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½å¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ ��������ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
������������������ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
�����ä¡ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½
��������������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1��������������í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©æ¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½
����2��è«ï¿½à½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����3����ê¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½
����4������������í·×µä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹ï¹ï¿½æ®ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¿úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ò»ï¿½é£¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5���������é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½
�����â¸ï¿½ï¿½à£¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê²ã´ï¿½â°é£ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½
����1���ù´î»ø¹ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶î£ï¿½ï¿½øµã»®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½
����2��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿õ³ï¿½ï¿½ë¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ç¿ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½
����3��ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½å·ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡±ï¿½ï¿½ ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1�������������ëµä£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��îªê²ã´ëµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡±ï¿½ï¿½
�����塢�ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öª
����1������������í·×µä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ñ©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½
����2���������å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½
����������õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï°
����1����ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ûµä´ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ê«ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½
����2����ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ð¡ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¼ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½??��
����3��ð¡ï¿½á¡£