幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域(十六篇)
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇一
1.教材来源:
在区角活动中中我们常常发现孩子们对拼图游戏很感兴趣,对这些玩具他们常常会爱不释手,有时候遇到块数比较多的复杂的拼图他们还会几个人一起合作着拼。而且拼图游戏在小班开始就有所接触,到了大班孩子的拼图经验相对比较丰富,对他们来说拼图是个有挑战性的一项智力游戏。但是我发现孩子在自主游戏的过程中兴趣指向比较浓,却缺乏一种学习的目的性和有效性。如何把“拼图游戏”作为教育的一个载体,把孩子们的学习变的更有方向和目标,并在游戏中能帮助幼儿提炼经验,拓宽思路呢?今天的这个数学活动就是来解决这个问题的。新纲要强调:要尽量创造条件让幼儿实际参加探究活动,使他们感受探究的过程和方法,体验发现的乐趣。在这儿教师的作用是发现幼儿的兴趣点并根据他们的兴趣来创设探究的条件和空间。
2、分析教材:
拼图是一项综合的思维和协调能力训练,对孩子来说有不少的益处。其一在拼图游戏中可以让幼儿了解“部分”与“整体”的关系--可以让孩子知道许多的“部分”能拼凑出一个“整体”,以及“一个”整体“是由”许多部分“所组成的。其二培养幼儿平面组合的概念─积木是立体的组合,而拼图是一种平面组合的概念。其三培养幼儿的耐心和专注力,并且从观察与判断中学习分类。最重要的一点是能培养幼儿学习解决问题的方法及策略--玩拼图能学习推理思考能力,因为小朋友会经由尝试不同的选择,到决定正确的一片放下去,也就是经过假设、判断到选择的过程,让他学习运用逻辑来解决问题的方法。所以我就选择了这个活动教材。
《创意》活动主要是通过拼组各种几何图形来激发幼儿的拼图兴趣,发展空间知觉能力,培养幼儿多维思考问题的习惯。在活动中教师可以以游戏的形式鼓励幼儿尝试多种的拼图方法,并引导他们记录自己操作的结果,从中获得成功的喜悦,同时这也对孩子能力的肯定和赞扬。并且在,操作环节中教师帮助幼儿提升经验,训练孩子多向思维,拓宽孩子思考问题的空间,集中了幼儿学习的方向性,使他们的活动从兴趣主导的游戏过度到了目标明确的学习活动。当然游戏化的活动环节也让孩子玩得轻松,学的愉快。
3、目标定位:根据大班幼儿的年龄特点及幼儿学习数学的领域目标为依据。从认知、能力、情感三方面制定了本次活动的目标:
(1)、尝试运用不同几何图形拼图拼出各种图案,并能在记录单上记录拼出的多种组合方法。
(2)、学习多角度思考问题,进行多种组合,寻求多种答案。
(3)、感受拼图游戏奇妙之处,在操作活动中获得成功的体验。
根据目标,我把活动的重点定位于:尝试运用不同组合形式的图形图案,并能在活动中学习统计作品中各种形状与数量的方法,记录在记录单上。活动的难点是:在操作活动中鼓励幼儿根据一种卡片与其他卡片的多种组合来进行多元化的操作,支持幼儿学习多角度思考问题寻求多种答案。
4、操作材料
教具:各种颜色的彩纸,各种几何图形,几何图形拼摆的机器人,幼儿用书十月份册。
有颜色的几何图形片是为了吸引幼儿的注意力,提高他们操作的兴趣。而拼图卡片上的编码则是为了方便幼儿记录,缩短记录的时间,给幼儿创设充足的动手操作和思考空间;也可以帮助幼儿复习和巩固序数概念。同种编码的卡片有重复也是为了给幼儿的操作提供更多变化的空间,使他们的操作结果能更加丰富。记录纸的设计从节约能源的目标出发简单方便;考虑常态教学的效果尽量不要配班老师帮忙;同时节省展示空间。
1、言语激发孩子。用”你真棒!“”争做智慧大王“”你真象个小学生“等语言来激发出孩子做事的积极性。要站在孩子的角度,以理解孩子的语气,肯定孩子的成绩,继而提出新的要求。让幼儿和老师互相在活动中成为学习的支持者、合作者。从而去发现问题、解决问题、树立自信心,从而突出本次活动趣味性的特点。
2、物质奖励,贴红星。
3、游戏主导活动。”游戏是幼儿重要活动方式之一“,我深深地感觉到游戏是孩子们最快乐的”朋友“,在成人看来是非常枯燥的事情,只要赋予它游戏的色彩,孩子们就会很感兴趣,会给孩子带来快乐的体验。寓教于学游戏教学形式,使孩子乐意参加活动,并在多元、刺激的智力操作活动中得到快乐获得满足。从而为”下一次“打好基础。
4、承上启下的提问激发思考。我的每次提问都是为下个环节做准备的,常常是前个问题的提出能在下个环节中得到展现或揭开谜底。使幼儿充满惊喜和期待,回答问题、发表见解的声音更响亮,思考问题、解决问题更踊跃,思维更活跃。
突出同伴引领。每次操作都邀请幼儿示范或小结,使幼儿听到的是来自同伴的一种声音。他的经验和思维都会受到同伴的影响。而且这种影响是积极主动的,而不是强硬灌输的。这样就更方便并引导幼儿去深入思考,开阔思维,引发再次操作的的欲望。
一、观察、比较各种几何图形。
1、我先出示几种几何图形拼图,引导幼儿观察并说出各种拼图卡是否相同,哪些地方相同,哪些地方不同?目的在于让幼儿在观察比较的过程中了解这些拼图卡的特征(一样:形状、大小;不一样:数量、颜色、编号、组合形式)并为幼儿思考如何运用拼图卡的特征来组合成图形来铺垫经验。
2、引导个别幼儿运用图形重叠的方法证明一下。科学领域的知识明显地具有”情景化、过程化、活动化、经验化“的特点。根据大班幼儿的现有的经验他们自然会想到运用图形重叠的方法来证明,以事实作为判断事物的依据,符合新《纲要》中数学教育的新目标和教育价值的要求。
二、幼儿操作活动,尝试拼出图形并记录结果。
1、教师出示示范记录单,请个别幼儿操作教师记录。因为每块拼图卡都标有编码,在这儿我直接引出记录即能方便幼儿学习记录的方法,避免环节上的重复,又能提醒幼儿操作一次就记录一次,培养他们做事的条理性和效益性。
2、通过幼儿个别操作示范引出拼图特点--平面多方位的旋转,开阔了幼儿的思维,有一次归纳和提升了幼儿拼图经验。
3、教师引导幼儿思考并讨论:我们能不能用3块或4块甚至更多的卡片一起来拼这个图案。相比较前一次的操作这一次是有要求的。请幼儿示范时即能拓展幼儿的发散性思维,还可以再次强调操作记录的注意事项。
4、比一比谁拼出来的答案多。以往操作活动中我发现经常有很难收拢的现象,所以今天我以”比一比“和贴五角星的方法来激励孩子自觉上交记录单,使环节之间尽量紧凑,时间也不会浪费。而且在潜移默化中在培养幼儿做事干脆、不拖拉的习惯,树立时间观念,向小学生活靠近。
三、发现一张卡片与其他卡片的多种组合形式,激发幼儿二次操作的兴趣。
通过说一说、比一比发现问题并激发幼儿的二次操作,这儿是整个活动的高潮也是活动的重难点。杜威说过:儿童有调查和探究的本能,探索是儿童的本能冲动,好奇、好问、好探究是儿童与生俱来的特点。我正是抓住幼儿的这个特点、启发他们进行再次操作,帮助幼儿经验提升。并且在操作前的示范中我交代了记录的另一种方法,使幼儿的操作有条不紊的、有目的地进行,而不再是无序的。操作结束后的同伴交流、相互分享经验也是同伴引领学习的过程,同时幼儿的语言表达能力的也得到培养,使活动的重难点得以解决。
四、感知各种图形的转换关系,再次提升经验。
在活动鼓励幼儿继续操作在拼图游戏发现其他更有趣的现象。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇二
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇三
尊敬的各位评委老师:
大家好!今天我说课的内容是大班语言活动,诗歌《摇篮》,本次说课将从说教材、教法、学法、教学流程等四部分进行阐述。
1、教材地位:本次活动内容选自:福建省幼儿园领域活动指导大班下册。纲要指出:“引导孩子接促优秀的儿童文学作品,使之感受语言的丰富和优美,并通过多种活动帮助孩子加深对作品的理解和体验。”诗歌《摇篮》是在大班上册学习了《风在哪里》、《好孩子》的基础上进行教学的,为后面学习《毕业诗》做好铺垫。可以看出本课在诗歌领域中占有重要地位。
2、教材处理:(下面我来说说教材的处理)诗歌摇篮是一篇优秀的儿童文学作品。构思独特,想象丰富,富有儿童情趣,形象的把大海、天空、花园、妈妈的手这些美好的景色比喻成摇篮,描绘出了小宝宝分别在不同的摇篮里睡觉的那种宁静、温馨的画面。能激发孩子热爱大自然向往大自然的情感。非常适合孩子的学习。大班孩子已经积累了一定的词汇,具有一定水平的口语表达能力,选择这一教材符合大班孩子学习特点。根据纲要中指出,各领域的教育要有机结合相互渗透的精神。我巧妙的将语言与艺术、社会相整合。(在欣赏诗歌摇篮的同时,结合游戏《送宝宝回家》、情境表演加深孩子对诗歌摇篮的理解和体验。)我将单纯的语言活动《摇篮》处理成游戏式、互动式、表演式的活动。本活动原教材安排一课时,我根据教材特点和本班孩子的实际情况,安排两课时,第一课时重点让孩子理解诗歌内容和感受诗歌的意境美,初步学习仿编。第二课时是巩固仿编,并把它画成画册,制作成图画书。本次活动是第一课时。
3、说目标:(接着说活动目标)
大家都知道,活动目标是教学活动的起点和归宿,对活动起着导向作用,根据孩子的年龄特点和本班孩子语言发展的实际情况,我确立了以下几点目标:
(一)认知目标:通过欣赏,理解诗歌内容,感受诗歌温馨、宁静的优美意境。
(二)能力目标:培养孩子的语言表达能力,学习使用“飘”、“翻”、“吹”,引导孩子大胆进行想像,学习初步仿编
(三) 情感目标:培养孩子热爱大自然、热爱生活的美好情感。
4、活动的重点和难点:
孩子要感受诗歌语言的丰富和优美,需要建立在理解的基础之上。因此,我把理解诗歌内容,学习朗诵,感受诗歌意境美作为本次教学活动的重点。
孩子要仿编散文需要建立在一定的知识经验的基础上且需要丰富的想象力。而大班孩子知识经验不够丰富,想象力比较薄弱,因此如何引导孩子如何根据摇篮的句式,进行仿编也就成了本次教学活动的难点。
5、活动准备:
为了帮助孩子对活动内容的理解和掌握我为本次活动做了以下准备
(一) 经验准备:课前我利用散步活动、谈话活动、影视活动引导孩子观察诗歌所提到的景物:天空、花园、大海,让孩子亲自感受大自然的美,为诗歌《摇篮》教学的开展奠定情感基础。
(二) 物质准备:将诗歌《摇篮》制作成多媒体课件,能整首播放也能分段播放。还制作了蓝天、大海、花园、妈妈的手背景图、和各宝宝的贴绒教具,以及歌曲《摇篮曲》
教学方法是教学活动顺利进行的保证。纲要指出:教师应成为孩子活动的支持者、合作者和引导者,针对活动内容的特点和孩子的生活经验,本次活动所采用的教法有:(情境创设法、)多媒体演示法、启发提问法、分段教学法等主要教学方法。
情境创设法:新课程理念告诉我们,孩子的学习总是伴随着特定的情境。针对孩子对文学作品难以感受、理解的特点,我积极创设情境,在活动始,我创设了《摇篮曲》温馨、宁静的情境,导入新课;在活动中,我创设了《送宝宝回家》的游戏情境。帮助孩子理解内容。通过情境化教学,调动了孩子的学习兴趣,促进了孩子对文学作品的理解。)
多媒体演示法:现代教育学研究认为,多媒体课件形象直观,能化静为动,化虚为实,容易激发孩子的学习兴趣,针对孩子动作思维占优势的特点,活动中我将诗歌《摇篮》制作成生动形象的多媒体课件,音像结合进行教学,这样化抽象为具体,化枯燥为形象,增强孩子对文学作品内容的理解。
分段教学法:孩子教育实践告诉我们,从整体入手,分段教学是理解文章内容的重要教法之一。在活动中,在让孩子完整欣赏的基础上,根据诗歌《摇篮》内容中结构的不同变化分成三段,按“扶—半扶半放——放”的认知序,进行分段教学,从而加深孩子对作品理解和感受。)
此外,我还应用了表扬激励法、归小结法等教学方法。
教师应尊重孩子的主体地位,让孩子成为活动的主体。本次活动我预设了以下几种学法帮助孩子学习:
1.游戏体验法:学前教学学家陈鹤琴指出,游戏是孩子最喜欢的活动,符合孩子爱玩的天性,应让孩子在玩中学,学中玩。有活动中,我组织孩子玩“送宝宝回家”的游戏,帮助孩子进一步理解诗歌内容,提高孩子的口语表达能力和表演能力。
2.多感官参与法:有一句世界教育名言是这么说,听过了就忘记了,看过了就记住了,做过了就理解了。因此在活动中让孩子看一看《摇篮》的课件、做一做“轻轻飘”、“轻轻翻”动作帮助孩子理解体验诗歌的意境美。
3.合作讨论法:新课程理念告诉我们,合作讨论是重要的学习方式之一,有利于通过同伴互助、相互学习共同提高。在《摇篮》仿编中,我让孩子合作讨论:小朋友,还有什么东西可以当做摇篮?它的宝宝是谁?谁摇宝宝睡觉?让孩子在合作讨论中相互交流、相互学习,充分发挥孩子学习的自主性。
本次活动突出了综合性、趣味性、活动性,把教育融入到生活、游戏中,因此,我遵循“以人为本,层层深入”的原则,我设计了五个环节:
1、律动引入,激发兴趣。
2、完整欣赏,初步感知。
3、分句感知,加深理解。
4、回归整体、情感升华。
5、引导仿编、体验创造。
第一部分:律动引入,激发兴趣。
环节目标是:激发孩子参与活动兴趣,让孩子处于最佳学习状态。
所采用的教学方法有:情境教学法、启发提问法。
我设计了2个环节:
1、表演体验:活动一开始,我播放《摇篮曲》创设温馨、宁静舒服的情境,让孩子学小宝宝走进入活动室。激发孩子学习兴趣。
2、谈话引题:播放“摇篮”的画面,提出问题:小朋友,这是什么?你知道摇篮是干什么用的吗?通过提问让孩子对摇篮有了初步的了解,为后面学习做好铺垫。同时引出活动内容和活动课题。
第二部分:完整欣赏,初步感知
环节目标是:完整欣赏,初步理解诗歌内容.
所采用的教学方法有情境教学法、启发提问法、多媒体演示法,
本环节我设计了2个环节:
第1环节是教师配乐有表情完整朗诵散文一遍。提问:诗歌的名字叫什么?你听到了什么?通过提问,帮助孩子初步感知散文内容。
第2环节是教师播放课件,完整欣赏儿歌第二遍。提问:小朋友,诗歌里讲了什么?你听完这散文有什么感受?通过这概括性的提问,让孩子有了想象和自由讲述的空间,提高孩子的想象能力和语言表达能力。教师引导孩子用好听的词来表达自己的感受,如:温馨、宁静、舒服。
第三部分:分段感知,加深理解
环节目标是进一步理解散文内容,感受散文的意境美。
所采用的教学方法有:多媒体演示法、多感官参与法、启发提问法。本部分是重点环节,
我设计了3个小环节。
1.教师精导,教学第一段
先播放课件1,提问:什么是摇篮?摇着什么宝宝?怎么摇?星宝宝怎么样啦?通过提问帮助孩子理解第一段内容,在回答的过程中我结合动作帮助孩子学习和理解“轻轻飘”,然后老师小结,教师结合动作完整朗诵诗歌第一段。
2.师幼互动学习第二、三段
播放课件,师幼表演再现二、三段内容,提出问题:什么是摇篮?摇着什么宝宝?怎么摇?鱼宝宝、花宝宝怎么样了?帮助孩子理解二、三段内容,结合动作帮助孩子理解“轻轻翻”、“轻轻吹”。
3.孩子互动学习第四段
出示第四段画面,让孩子自由交流讨论第四段内容,然后请全班孩子想动作来表现第四段内容。孩子边做动作边朗诵儿歌,并注意语气语调的变化。如:“星宝宝睡着了”,要用轻柔的声音来朗读。
通过以上三个环节的学习,根据扶-半扶半放-放的认知顺序进行教学,为孩子提供了一个想说敢说喜欢说的有机会说,并得到积极应答的环境。内容层层深入,从而解决了重点问题,达到环节目标。
第四部分:回归整体、情感升华
环节目标:进一步体会诗歌的内容
采用的教学方法有:游戏法、启发提问法
教师和孩子在优美的音乐声中结合动作,完整朗诵诗歌一遍,然后提出问题:小朋友,你喜欢诗歌中的哪一句?把你喜欢的句子读给小朋友听一听。给孩子提供一个说的机会。为什么说蓝天、大海、花园、妈妈的手是摇篮?这个问题是难点,我将用“送宝宝回家”的游戏帮助孩子理解他们之间的依存关系。我准备了蓝天、大海、花园、妈妈的手背景图,请小朋友将各宝宝的图片贴在相应的背景图上。教师进行小结,帮助孩子发现生活中的美,对孩子进行热爱大自然、热爱生活的教育。
第五部分 引导创编、体验创造
环节目标:通过仿编进一步理解诗歌内容
采用的方法:自主探究、合作讨论、启发提问法
我设计了2个环节
1、 让孩子了解诗歌的结构特点。孩子朗诵儿歌,教师逐一出示相应的图片,然后引导孩子纵向观察:
第一排,什么是摇篮?第二排,摇着什么宝宝?第三排,怎么摇?第四排,什么宝宝睡着了?
通过形象直观的教具演示,孩子应该会很快理解诗歌的结构特点。
2 、孩子自由仿编,教师巡回指导,对能力强的孩子可以根据自己的想象进行仿编。对能力弱的孩子,我将示范仿编或提供前半部分图片让孩子编后半部分,或提供后半部分图片孩子编前半部分。对编得好的孩子进行表扬鼓励、对仿编较困难的孩子,鼓励他积极参与仿编活动。最后将仿编好的诗歌进行朗诵,体验创造的快乐。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇四
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇五
所谓工具,指的是人类在生产劳动时所使用的器具。它具有针对性使用对象或范围的特点,是人类在劳动实践中的智慧结晶。工具广泛存在于生活及各行各业中。人的一生都离不开工具的使用。对于大班幼儿来说,他的生活周围也充满各种各样的工具。他见过也已经使用过不同的工具并成功地完成各种任务。但是,所有这一切经验都含糊地存在他的头脑中。正因为工具太常见,反而容易让人熟视无睹了。如何把这些经验从他的脑海中唤醒,进行概念上的明晰并激起他再一次的兴趣和好奇就是成功开展学习活动的关键。
再者,《劳动者的工具》这个内容非常广泛,大到人类发明的交通工具、通信工具,小到一根秀花针。工具不仅代表着一件具体的器具物品,更凸显住深层的精神内涵。如何从这个浩瀚的工具海洋里汲取适合大班幼儿认知和探索的学习内容并产生情感上的触动和共鸣是本次活动的根本。
大班幼儿所拥有的经验和技能使他乐于自我发现和探索,他们不满足于知识的传授而更愿意通过自己的努力获得更多的经验和知识。同时,他也能够通过同伴间的合作完成更艰难和具有挑战性的任务,享受成功的满足。《劳动者的工具》所显现的内容是完全静态的成品。大班幼儿会满足于这样的学习方式吗?怎样让静态的东西动起来,成为孩子乐于探索,能够发现的新材料呢?正确选择跟学习材料适合和匹配的教学方法,让枯燥的认知活动成为快乐的事,是成功开展本次活动的精髓。
1.选择幼儿熟知的、同时具有安全操作性日常生活工具作为本次科学活动的探索和认知对象。引导幼儿用“陌生”的眼光去重新审视熟悉的材料,激发好奇心和活动的兴趣,
2.让静态的材料“动”起来。将认知的重点从被动接受转移到主动发现探索上。通过幼儿的亲历亲为去发现工具的特点,并通过与同伴的交流探讨建构成新的内需的知识。
3.在与同伴的合作中常识使用工具并获得成功的体验。通过操作和实践来验证自身的发现,同时也进一步了解工具与人类生活的关系。
1.运用多种感官探索和发现工具的秘密,积极探讨交流自己的发现和见解。
2.尝试和同伴合作使用某一工具完成任务,体验合作的快乐和尝试的成功。
3.初步了解工具与人类生活的关系,激发自豪感。
1.安全工具:小刀、小铲、螺丝刀、剪刀、夹子、小推车等若干。
2.辅助材料:水果、大积木块、黄豆、布袋、布、玩具点心、大嘴娃娃
活动流程:
引题激发兴趣→自由探索和发现工具的秘密→拓展经验→小组合作尝试使用工具
1.教师讲述故事《小熊造房子》,引发幼儿思考。
辅助问题:“有了木头、钉子,小熊就能造房子了吗?”
“它还需要什么可以帮它又快又方便地造房子?”
2.谈话理解工具的概念
讲解:工具就是一些可以帮助我们更好、更快、更顺利地做好一件事情的物品。
(简单的提问,有悬念的小故事,将枯燥的内容巧妙地隐身其中。通过小朋友自己的思考和探讨,将日常的常见工具呼唤出来,在唤起生活经验的同时,言简意赅的讲解帮助幼儿迅速明晰和梳理已有的模糊概念。全新的审视目光激发了内心的好奇心和探索欲望。)
1.明确探索目的
辅助语:“工具为什么可以帮助我们更好地做事情呢?”
“它的秘密在哪里?”
2.自由挑选工具,探索和发现工具的用途及秘密
3.集体交流探讨
围绕中心话题:“我发现xx是用来干xx的。”
“它的秘密是xxx。”
“使用它的好处是xxxxx。”
(好奇心是人的天性,求知是人的本能。“发现工具的秘密”这一充满挑战性的任务强烈地激发了幼儿无限的好奇心和探索欲望,他们简直迫不及待要大展身手。原来已熟悉的操作材料重新变得陌生。原有的生活经验正好为他的成功探索提供了必要的基础。他们会想尽办法运用各种可以运用调动的器官,去探索、去发现,并乐此不疲。每一个细小的成功和发现可以激励他更深入再一次的探索。认知在过程中慢慢得以积累和形成。充分的尝试达到经验的概括。
因地制宜的工具材料,让孩子真切体会到科学就在身边,工具就是人自己发明创造的。通过幼儿的操作,材料揭示出的有关特性和事物间的关系,正是我们所期望幼儿获得的,也为下一个环节做了很好的知识积累。
让孩子自由选择工具是根据大班幼儿的特点决定的。能根据自己的需要和选择探索的材料是幼儿主动学习的重要前提和基本条件,不仅有利于幼儿运用原有经验,澄清自己想法,按自己的方式方法获得有益的经验,还有利于他们产生一种想法进行发现的要求,一种前进的动力,这种热情会让他们专心致志地投入研究和探索。
集体的探讨交流促进语言和思维的发展,帮助幼儿在与同伴的观点交融、碰撞中丰富和建构新的知识经验,完善自己的想法,获得成功体验。)
1.引导思考:工具从哪里来?
了解工具是人类的智慧结晶。
2.结合自己的生活经验,说说还见过或用过什么工具?
(幼儿的科学教育是科学的启蒙教具,他的知识主要是经验性的知识。通过自身的探索,幼儿获得了大量的丰富具体的实际经验,在这里,通过老师巧妙的铺路搭桥,用几个小小的问题就帮他们归纳、概括最终理解、内化对工具的认知。引导幼儿从眼前的几件具体工具拓展到整个工具海洋,逐步将经验迁移和拓展,通过回忆、思考在脱离实物的状况下验证自己的知识使经验真正得以内化。)
1.提供材料,明确任务目标
工具任务:
小刀水果拼盘
小推车运送大积木块(上下坡)
小铲将黄豆装袋
螺丝刀组装小木盒
剪刀剪布片
夹子喂娃娃吃点心
2.小组成员商量分工共同完成任务
3.集体探讨,说说自己是怎样完成任务的,工具帮了什么忙?
总结:工具的用处真大呀!工具是在劳动时发明的,我们只要会动脑筋,也可以发明有用的工具!
(通过刚才的探索、讨论,幼儿发现了许多工具的优点。但这只是表面上的发现,要验证工具的真正本领,让孩子心服口服,真正认识工具为劳动带来的便利,最好的办法就是“用事实说话。”俗话说:“实践是检验真理的唯一标准。”只有亲身的体验才能使经验真正的内化。
孩子是主动学习者。他们要主动读探索、研究和发现才能主动建构知识经验。教师要尽量创造条件让他们实际参加探究活动,引导幼儿在多的过程中真实感受,才能真正体验发现的乐趣,成功的快乐!
活动内容的生活化,让孩子体验和感受到这就是我想要知道、想要解决的问题,更能激发起自豪感和成功感。
小组合作探究共同的主题和内容,不仅有助于他们的合作能力发展,也为孩子们提供了更多的相互交流和协作机会。在这过程中,他们会在过程中不断思考,会控制自身,会主动协商,会发现和认识别人的长处和价值,获得更多的新信息、新经验。每一个孩子都会通过集体的、成功的探索获得新的经验,都在自身的基础上有了更大的进步和提高!)
劳动者的工具在小朋友的周围无处不在,有食堂工作人员的饭勺,保育员阿姨的拖把,花园里花匠的修花剪刀,有农民的锄头,还有工人的榔头等等,多得不能再多,而大班孩子已具备了一定的认知能力、观察能力、操作能力,此内容完全符合幼儿的生活经验和学习经验,通过此课时的学习,定会让孩子在原有经验的基础上有新的提升。
根据纲要的目标、教材本身的特点以及大班孩子的特点,我将目标设置如下:
1.知识目标:初步感知不同的劳动者都有一套自己特有的工具,认识一些常用的工具。
2.技能目标:学习常用工具的一些简单使用方法。
3.情感目标:引导幼儿珍惜劳动成果,初步培养对劳动者的崇敬之情。
根据孩子已有的经验水平,我将目标1设定为重点,目标2设定为难点。
1.事先丰富概念:劳动者(知道劳动者不单单是农民,工人、医生、科学家等都是劳动者)
2.幼儿事先进行一些观察部分劳动者的工作情况。
1.实物工具人手一份以上,部分大件的工具用图片代替。
2.录像带一份,摄像机等多媒体的工具。
3.幼儿自带一些常用的小工具。
《纲要》里提出:创设宽松的环境,让每一幼儿都能参与实际探究活动,感受尝试的乐趣,感受发现的喜悦。我提供了丰富的可操作性的材料,让幼儿在操作中自主的发现问题、提出问题,从而解决问题,而我始终只是幼儿的支持者、合作者和引导者。结合自主探索法、观察法、讨论法等进行教学。克服传统的说教形式,幼儿始终是活动的主体,在具体的操作中学习知识和技能,引导幼儿运用多种感官参与法、讨论法、观察法等等进行学习。
(教师将过程摄下来)
引导孩子带着问题去观察,食堂的工作人员,花匠,保育员阿姨、模具厂的叔叔他们都是用哪些工具进行劳动的?
(幼儿的思维是直观形象的,由于受思维的限制,幼儿是通过自身的感知、积累一定的感性经验,才能进行科学活动,因此我选择的内容都是围绕在幼儿周围,符合幼儿的生活经验,是幼儿熟悉的、感兴趣的,所以幼儿很快就进入了课题,激发了幼儿的学习兴趣,为以下的重难点的突破奠定了基础。)
(这个环节主要目的是落实重点,为难点的突破奠定基础)
1.你刚才看见谁在使用什么工具?(提问具有针对性,目的非常明确)
2.幼儿每说出一种工具,就出示相应的镜头,学习相关的词语,认识相关的工具。
3.我们小朋友也带来了一些工具,请你说说,你带来的工具叫什么,干什么用的?是谁用的?
(充分利用家庭这一重要的资源,让幼儿从家中携带各类工具,一方面是幼儿熟悉感兴趣的,另一方面涉及的面会更广)
4.这些工具是谁用的?给工具进行一些简单的分类。
(在这个过程中,我鼓励幼儿用完整的句子大胆讲述,大胆地与同伴交流经验,分享快乐,分享彼此的经验,在说中学,听中学,以幼儿为主体,幼儿才是学习的真正的主人,落实了目标1即活动的重点。)
1.我们认识了这么多的工具,那这些工具是怎么使用的呢?幼儿自主探索。
(幼儿是通过自身与物质世界的相互作用建构知识,学习科学的,我为孩子提供了丰富的可操作性的材料,体现了《纲要》中的精神:尽可能创造条件,让每一幼儿都有机会参与探究的机会,感受参与的过程和结果,体验发现的乐趣。)
2.探索以后进行交流,对于较难的、不常见的工具,教师在集体面前示范、讲解。
3.播放录像,播放其他劳工者使用工具的情况,如:科学家、医生、清洁工人等等。
(一方面可以拓宽幼儿的视野,另一方面能给孩子更直观更真实的体验,使孩子潜在地知道每个劳动者都有自己特有的劳动工具,知道他们的使用方法是怎样的?从而升华了重点和难点。)
刚才我们在参观、和看录像的时候,那些工作的人都是怎么样的?那我们平时应该怎么做呢?
(具体联系到了幼儿的实际生活,如要爱护桌椅,珍惜饭粒等等,通过层层的提问,让幼儿知道劳动者的不易,应该珍惜劳动成果,从而达到了目标3。最后的提问,幼儿又回归到了生活,所谓科学来源于幼儿的生活,也服务于幼儿的生活。)
(延伸活动不是一个活动的结束而是另一个活动的开始)
1.这些工具是谁发明的呢?如果你是科学家,你想发明怎么样的工具呢?
2.农民为什么要用到这些工具,而厨师为什么要用这些工具,他们能交换吗?为什么?
(如此开放性的提问,促进幼儿扩散性思维的发展,引发了幼儿的创造的欲望,进一步激发了幼儿学习科学的兴趣。)
以上的活动设计环环想扣,循序渐进,即关注了幼儿原有的生活经验,又在原有经验的基础上关注新经验的获得,整个设计体现了以下几个特色:
1.幼儿园的课程是全面的、启蒙的,各领域的内容要相互渗透相互融合,在孩子的心里是没有学科的界限,因此在整个活动中,我融入了语言,如让孩子用完整的句子讲述,在讲述的过程中提高了倾听能力等,又融入了分类等内容,全面的促进孩子的发展。
2.利用了现代化的工具及媒体的介入,给予孩子更直观、更科学的经验,即验证了幼儿操作的结果,又能给孩子科学的知识。
3.教师引导的关键是提出有质量的问题,所有问题的提出,我都是根据孩子已有的生活经验和重难点的突破而展开。教师只是支持者、合作者、引导者,孩子才是学习的真正的主人。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇六
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇七
动物是孩子们乐于观察的对象,各种动物的不同外形特征,生活习性常会引发孩子们的探索兴趣。冬天到了,人们穿上了厚厚的冬装,动物们不怕冷吗?它们是怎样过冬的呢?在进行主题活动的过程中,幼儿表现出极大的兴趣。我以"动物过冬"为切入点,激发幼儿对动物的探索欲望,加深幼儿爱护动物的积极情感。
大班幼儿对动物的特征、生活习性等已积累了一定的经验,根据大班幼儿发展水平和幼儿学习科学的特点,我确定了以下活动目标:
1.了解动物不同于人类的过冬方式,理解动物的生活习性与季节的关系。
2.激发幼儿探索动物生活的兴趣、满足其好奇心,加深幼儿爱护动物的积极情感。
根据《纲要》中科学教育的指导思想和幼儿教育已有经验水平,我认为本次活动的重点难点是"让幼儿了解动物的过冬方式以及理解动物的生活习性与季节的关系"。
我利用多媒体教学及启发性提问,让幼儿主动探究,从而将抽象的科学知识变得通俗易懂,使活动的难点得以有效的突破。
结合本次活动目标,我做了以下准备:
1.幼儿已有过冬的经验。
2.和家长一起收集动物过冬的图书、资料。
3.动物过冬的课件。
4.操作卡四张,动物图片若干,自制拼图四份。
新《纲要》指出:教师应成为幼儿活动的支持者、合作者、引导者。因此,本次活动,我采用了电教法、讨论法、观察法、启发提问法、操作法等,这些方法的应用,克服了教师传统的说教形式,充分尊重幼儿,调动幼儿学习积极性,让幼儿在快乐中习得经验,同时培养了幼儿的观察力和乐于探索的习惯。
小朋友们,"现在是什么季节?你感觉怎样?"(冬季,天气很冷)
冬天到了,人们是怎样过冬的?(穿上厚厚的棉衣、棉鞋)还有呢?(安装取暖设备、开空调)除了刚才说的,我们还可以怎样就不觉得冷呢?(跳绳、跑步、拍球、)。小朋友们想出了这么多的过冬方法,真聪明。
我们可以通过做运动等方式抵御寒冷,那么动物朋友是如何度过寒冷的冬天呢?
通过"猜一猜""看一看""记一记"的方法,让幼儿自主学习,满足其好奇心和求知欲,达成第一个教育目标。
(1)"猜一猜"。根据幼儿的猜测,出示ppt两种动物,总结讲述动物的过冬方式。
(2)"看一看"。播放课件,教师讲述故事,让幼儿了解动物们其他的过冬方式。
(3)"记一记"。幼儿合作完成"动物怎样过冬"的记录表。
幼儿思维离不开具体的事物形象,借助多媒体的形、色、景等多种优势,直观形象的帮助了幼儿了解动物的过冬方式,激发了幼儿探索动物生活的兴趣,从而也了解了动物的生活习性与季节的关系。
看"动物怎样过冬"记录表,教师和幼儿共同回顾小动物过冬的方式。正如新《纲要》所指出:"语言教育应该渗透在所有的活动中"。本环节通过操作卡的出现,不仅能调动幼儿参与活动积极性,而且加深对动物不同过冬方式的了解,进一步明确了教育目标。
比如:冬眠过冬:蛇、乌龟、青蛙、熊(刺猬);迁移过冬:大雁、小燕子(丹顶鹤);加厚皮毛或羽毛过冬:鹿、老虎、兔子、(鸡、鸭、猫、狗、小兔子、狐狸);储存食物过冬:蚂蚁、蜜蜂、(松鼠);躲藏过冬的有:苍蝇、蚊子;让卵过冬的有:螳螂、蝗虫
1.学一学:教师出示操作卡,幼儿自主创编动作来表现其过冬的方式。
2.幼儿手持动物图片,找到动物过冬方式相似的伙伴后,送他们到过冬的地方。
这样的游戏,不但符合幼儿的年龄特点,也体现了幼儿合作的精神,而且进一步巩固了所学知识。
五、活动延伸
1.益智游戏《拼图》:幼儿自由结伴拼出动物图片后,送其到相应的过冬地方,通过这一环节拓展幼儿思维。
2.在图书角投放动物过冬的图书,供幼儿查阅,支持并推动幼儿继续探索动物的过冬方式。
说课完毕,谢谢大家!
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇八
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇九
我班幼儿年龄普遍在3―4岁左右,思维呈现出直觉行动思维向具体形象思维发展,由于小手肌肉组织发育还不够完善,因此,活动性较弱。利用幼儿对周围的声音感到新鲜好玩的现象,设计此活动,发展幼儿的听觉、观察力、动手操作能力,培养幼儿对科学活动的兴趣。
1.本活动的目标是启蒙教育,主要激发幼儿的好奇心和探究欲望,培养幼儿对科学活动的兴趣。
2.活动过程有趣、形象,利用拟人的方法,抓住小班幼儿的年龄特点,充分调动幼儿主动参与和操作的积极性。
3.分组活动、综合活动使每个幼儿都有参与的机会,而难易适中、动静交替促使不同水平的幼儿在上自信心的发展,获得成就感。
1.操作法:为了激发幼儿的活动兴趣,我采用了操作法,在适当的要求下,发展幼儿动手能力与观察力,体会探究的乐趣。
2.游戏法:“游戏”是低龄幼儿活动的最佳方法,教师在游戏中辅以形象生动的教具、有趣活泼的语言,会使幼儿兴致勃勃,从而寓教寓乐。
活动准备:前期知识经验的准备──幼儿会听一些独特的声音。教具游戏的准备──沙子、小石子、小铁片、黄豆、卡通空八宝粥罐若干;舞曲音乐。幼儿活动准备──按人数将幼儿分成3―4组。
1.通过可爱、丰富的可操作材料,让幼儿大胆放手操作,以此体会操作的快乐。
2.在有趣的游戏情景中,让幼儿去探索,从而发展幼儿的听觉力、注意力、观察力。
首先,通过认识新朋友──漂亮可爱的罐宝宝,引发幼儿的活动兴趣;其次,通过操作活动“喂宝宝”尝试自己制作响罐。这样的设计,幼儿没有心理压力和负担,使每位幼儿都有了动手机会和表现,在猜想活动中,鼓励幼儿运用已有的经验去猜测、去思考,激发他们探究的热情;最后,在户外活动中,深化主题,愉快的结束活动,使幼儿意犹未尽的渴望再次的活动。
1.辨别几种不同的声音,使幼儿对声音产生探究的欲望。
2.培养幼儿的操作兴趣、发展观察力、注意力以及对科学活动的喜爱。
活动重点: 知道不同的物体能发出不同的声音。
活动难点:将相同声音的响罐配对。
1.装饰成各种卡通娃娃的空八宝粥罐子、盘装沙子、黄豆、小石子、小铁片等若干。
2.按人数将幼儿分成3―4组。
3.录音机、舞曲音乐磁带。
1.出示罐宝宝──介绍给幼儿的新朋友。
2.出示并认识罐宝宝的“食物”──沙子、黄豆、小石子、小铁片。
1.喂一喂──指导幼儿随意给每个罐宝宝喂一样食物并提醒幼儿盖严盖子。
2.跳一跳──引导幼儿上下左右摇一摇罐宝宝,让他们自由地跳起来。
3.找一找──启发幼儿相互猜测罐宝宝吃的是什么,并将相同声音的罐宝宝配对成舞伴,在舞曲中快乐地舞蹈。(幼儿亦可共同跳舞)
延伸活动:将幼儿制作的罐宝宝摆放到“科学操作区”,让幼儿自由摆弄、玩耍。
在教学中,幼儿对操作、探究很感兴趣,通过操作──游戏的形式让幼儿体会了探究的过程和快乐。在活动中,孩子在制作的同时,提高了幼儿的观察力,动手能力而且也提高了注意力、听觉。他们特别喜欢玩游戏,因为在游戏中可以使他们在玩中学、在学中玩,没有丝毫的压力。对于个别能力弱的孩子,我采用集体与个别辅导的形式,并在日常生活中给他们提供机会,让能力弱的孩子不会为此而产生畏惧的心理;对于幼儿的新观点新发现,我总是鼓励和尊重幼儿的观点,并共同分享。如:有的幼儿认为罐宝宝吃饱了可以喝水,我肯定了幼儿的想法,并引导幼儿听一听罐宝宝肚里的水声,拓展了幼儿的视野与经验。
这次活动的不足是:师幼互动少了一些,在活动中可以在游戏中穿插一些幼儿与教师之间的互动,这样效果会更好。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十一
我们都知道,动物是孩子们的好朋友,不管是可爱的小兔子、小鸡、小鸭;善良的小马、小羊;凶猛的老虎、狮子……孩子们都非常喜欢。特别是小班幼儿对动物更是充满了好奇,因为那里有他们认识的和不认识的动物朋友。为了激发幼儿热爱大自然,爱动物的情感,让幼儿进一步的认识和了解这些动物,我班进行了主题活动《动物王国》。在活动中,发生了一件事情:
有一天,孩子们在玩抓尾巴的游戏。这时,刘其昕小朋友抓到一条尾巴说:“老师,看我抓到一条大灰狼的尾巴。”听到刘其昕的话,有几个小朋友也参与到其中,纷纷说:“不对,这是小猴子的尾巴。”“这是小兔子的尾巴。”这是孩子对事物的想象,是其创造性的表现,也充分体现出幼儿对动物的喜爱。见他们对尾巴这么感兴趣,我特意找来了一张他们认识的动物尾巴图片,请他们说说这是谁的尾巴,说什么的都有,其实这是他们都认识的小马的尾巴。可是,一旦尾巴和身体分开后,他们就不认识了。
以前在认识动物时都是通过整体进行认识,他们看到一张完整的动物图片时,能很快说出是什么动物,但是将动物分割开来变成一小部分时,就不认识了。这说明幼儿对动物的观察只是整体观察,并没有观察到部分,对动物的整体形象和细节考虑不全面。那么,如何让幼儿更细致、深入地观察和了解动物的外型特征,理解部分与整体的关系呢?针对这个问题产生了本次活动。
如今,科学教育的价值取向不再注重知识的传递,而是注重儿童的的好奇心、求知欲、探索欲和热爱科学的情感。所以,根据这一要求,我将本次活动目标指定如下:
1、鼓励幼儿参与科学活动,激发幼儿求知欲及对科学活动的探索精神。
2、能从动物的局部判断出是哪种动物,并能合作将动物完整的拼出来。
3、通过活动培养幼儿细致的观察能力和动手能力,初步培养幼儿的合作能力。
根据制定的目标,选择相应的内容也是置关重要的。确定了活动《猜猜它是谁》,还要结合我班幼儿的具体情况。我根据主题活动《动物王国》里的内容,结合本次活动,收集相关的游戏材料,巧妙地将一些幼儿认识的动物设计在游戏转盘中,并将这些动物分割成二至四块成为孩子们喜欢的拼图,让幼儿通过这些分割图推断出是哪个动物,及在拼图游戏中让幼儿掌握整体与部分的关系。使幼儿在游戏中能积极参与科学探索活动,增强求知欲,充分发挥幼儿的主动性,提高对科学活动的兴趣。
本次活动重点是:鼓励幼儿参与科学活动,激发幼儿求知欲及对科学活动的探索精神。
难点是:理解部分与整体之间的关系。
我在设计本次活动中,采用了以下方法:运用观察法,有目的、有计划的引导幼儿进行科学探索活动,观察法也是幼儿探索科学的基本方法,能使幼儿运用多种感官直观、生动、具体地认识事物,提高幼儿感官的综合活动能力。利用拼图游戏,将动物的整体图片拆开,分成若干片,再让幼儿拼完整。操作法,提供给幼儿合适的材料,让幼儿在自己的活动实践过程中进行探索。教师运用幼儿喜爱的游戏形式,使幼儿在游戏中进行科学探索活动。
教师带领幼儿走进大森林的场景中。引导幼儿观察大森林的场景:“小朋友,我们现在来到了大森林,大家看看大森林里漂亮吗?里面有什么?”让幼儿通过观察,增强幼儿对本次活动的兴趣。激发幼儿的好奇心。通过提问:大森林是谁的家呢?直接导入课题,给孩子一个已有经验的回忆,引导幼儿说出自己已经认识的动物名字,加深幼儿对动物的印象,激发幼儿对动物的喜爱之情。并使幼儿了解大森林是小动物的家,丰富他们的感性经验和审美情感。鼓励幼儿大胆、清楚地表达自己的想法。为下面内容奠定基础。
①游戏:《玩转盘》
转盘上是一些幼儿认识的动物的头部图片,教师出示大转盘,请幼儿自己将转盘的指针转起来,指针指到哪个动物,并说出动物的名字。该游戏的难度不大,动物的特征明显,易于每一位幼儿的独立操作,提高幼儿的动手能力。能针对动物的头部进行推断动物名字,初步学习推断的方法,了解整体和部分的关系。同时,帮助老师了解幼儿对动物的认识程度。将枯燥的认知活动转变成幼儿喜爱的游戏活动,在游戏中掌握知识。
②游戏:《找动物》
请幼儿将老师藏在大森林里的动物部分图片找到,这些动物并不是完整的,有的是动物的身体、有的是动物的脚、有的是动物的头。在找到后,还要推断出它是谁,然后告诉大家自己找到了什么动物。通过幼儿的寻找活动,培养幼儿细致的观察能力,以及喜爱科学活动的情感。为幼儿的探究活动创造宽松的环境,让每一位幼儿都有机会参与尝试。通过讲述自己找到的动物,培养幼儿语言表达能力。
③将动物的'部分卡片送到小动物的家里。
教师将动物的完整图片展示出来,让幼儿通过自己手中的部分动物卡片找出相应的动物图片,进行对应摆放,了解整体和部分的关系。进一步加深幼儿对动物的认识和了解。
请找出相同动物图片的小朋友,合作将动物的部分拼成一个整体的动物。通过操作活动,能观察到动物的分割部分的特征,并能相互配合进行拼图,将动物图片拼完整。注重培养幼儿的观察能力和动手能力,尝试培养幼儿与同伴之间的合作能力。
延伸活动:《玩拼图》
在区域活动中,幼儿人手一份动物拼图,能独立将拼图完成。注重培养幼儿的观察能力和独立操作能力,提高幼儿对动物的了解。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十二
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十四
各位老师,大家早上好!
我今天说课的内容是中班科学课《小树叶找妈妈》。
新《纲要》中科学领域提出了:对周围事物和现象感兴趣,有好奇心和求知欲:能运用各种感官,动手动脑,探究问题的目标。《小树叶找妈妈》这一活动是在平时到户外散步的时候,小朋友对树叶产生了浓厚的兴趣,所以结合本季节开展的主题:金色的秋天,我设计了一系列关于树叶的活动,本次活动就是其中之一。
“从幼儿身边最熟悉的事物出发”是瑞吉欧教育理念之一,在开展活动的过程中,我们细致地观察、倾听幼儿的言行,及时捕捉他们的兴趣点,以及他们的日常生活为基础,贴近幼儿自身的经验进行自然而然的引发,层层深入开展活动。我们鼓励他们以自己喜欢的方式来表现,从不同角度出发,通过各种手段来发现问题。在摆摆说说的活动中,他们的想象力发展了,会用自己的话语描述对家的认识。
活动目标是教学活动的起点和归宿,对活动起着导向作用。根据中班幼儿年龄特点及实际情况,我确立了情感、认知、能力方面的目标,其中既有独立表达的成分,又有相互融合的一面。本次活动目标为:
1.引导幼儿观察、对应、和比较,认识树叶的不同。发展幼儿的比较能力、思维能力,激发幼儿的探索的兴趣。
2.教师对幼儿进行保护树木教育,知道树木对人类的重要性。
3.激发对周围事物的关心,能清楚表达自己的意思,发展幼儿的口语表达能力。
4.培养幼儿的社会交往能力,让幼儿获得帮助他人的情感体验。
难点:观察、对应、和比较,认识树叶的不同。
在活动中我先让幼儿观察树叶的颜色、大小、形状等特征,然后引导幼儿运用观察、比较、对应的方法帮小树叶找妈妈,最后通过送小树叶回家,巩固对树叶特征及名称的认识。
为了更好地服务于本次的活动目标和完成活动内容,我做了以下准备工作:
1.制作电脑多媒体课件;
2.磁带一盒;
3.物质准备:叶标本三种;杨树、柳树、枫树的挂图;彩纸若干张。
《纲要》强调幼儿是中心,教育活动应以幼儿的需要、兴趣,尤其是幼儿的经验来进行,学决定教,在活动中我对自己角色的定位是一个参与者,我希望和孩子共同发现、讨论、寻找,让孩子在观察树叶时享受探索的快乐、在帮树叶找妈妈时,享受助人为乐得乐趣。所以在教学过程中我采用了以下几种教法。
1.情境教学法:创设一个自由宽松的环境,让每个幼儿都有机会参与尝试,本次活动以幼儿喜欢的帮助小树叶找妈妈为线索,贯穿整个活动。
2.问题设置法:
教师设计了一系列的问题,如:激发兴趣的提问:这些树叶是从那里来得?激发情感的提问:小树叶离开了妈妈会怎样呢?我们可以帮它做些什么?使幼儿不断的思考,不断的进取。
3.操作法:让幼儿通过动手操作,在与实物的相互作用过程中进行探索学习,用小树叶拼贴出美丽的图画。
播放音乐,请幼儿想象自己是一片从树上飘落的叶子,配合音乐模拟叶子飘荡。
兴趣是幼儿学习的动机,活动一开始幼儿小树叶随音乐做动作,引起幼儿参与的兴趣小朋友拾起散落在地上的树叶。
请幼儿找一找自己喜欢的树叶做朋友并说一说它像什么。(幼儿自己寻找、想象)
〔在这一环节中是启发幼儿合理想象。这一年龄阶段的孩子会有自己独特的见解和想象,我们能看到他们大智若愚的稚嫩童趣,一片树叶可以引发他们不同的想象。例如:“这片树叶(杨树叶)像什么?”“扇子”“它还像什么?”教师可以再次启发幼儿的想象,让他们深入思考,出现各种奇思妙想。〕
根据幼儿好奇的特点,请小朋友找一片你喜欢的树叶和自己做好朋友。让我们一起来认识一下你的好朋友它像什么?是什么颜色的?摸上去是什么感觉?我们可以帮小树叶做些什么?它的妈妈是谁?
帮助小树叶找到妈妈,并于它们一同跳舞。
通过课件的演示让幼儿了解其他树的种类。组织幼儿互相交流并讨论树木有什么作用,给人类带来哪些益处。树木能给我们带来这么多的好处,在日常生活中我们应该爱护花草树木,做个保护环境的小卫士。
这一环节是在前一环节的基础上进行选择性的创造制作,对孩子们来说,这种充满自信和自主的操作同样具有想象、创造性的成分,选择不同的方法进行操作可以使幼儿按目前的心理需要(成功需要、尝试需要)选择不同的方式,在已有的基础上将自己的创造向前推进一步,从而获得心理上的满足,体验成功的喜悦。
幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十五
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幼儿园说课稿大班科学 幼儿园说课稿大班科学领域篇十六
自然界中充满着神奇有趣的科学现象,就拿“风”这一自然现象来说,一年四季天天都和我们会面,是孩子们从能来到户外的那一刻起就能感受到的现象。现在正值春天,是孩子们探索风的好季节。我们江南春天的天气,就如娃娃的脸说变就变。白天的气温很高,到了晚上却会突然刮起大风来,气温也骤降。在幼儿园,会听到大班孩子们在议论:我看见迎春花的花瓣被风吹到了地上;大风把垃圾吹得到处都是,清洁工人又要重新打扫了;今天有点冷,妈妈又给我多穿了衣服 ……从孩子的话中,发现“风”是孩子需要的、感兴趣的内容。追随孩子的经验和生活,就让大班孩子围绕“风”自主生成一系列的探索“风的奥秘”的活动。
大班幼儿对周围事物、现象感兴趣,有好奇心和求知欲,而且有些幼儿能初步运用感官动手动脑,探索问题。但孩子有时会对事物现象凭主观臆断,缺乏科学性。希望幼儿在主动学习的过程中,大胆探索,培养幼儿对现象能进行客观描述,以事实为依据得出推理,懂得科学存在于客观事实,而不是教师的头脑之中。
说目标:考虑幼儿对风的已有经验水平和潜在的发展水平之间的距离,制订了以下幼儿最近发展区的目标:
1、引导幼儿感受发现风的大小、探究和判断风的方向,并尝试制造风。
2、初步了解风的利与弊,引导幼儿辨证地看待事物,从小形成科学的思维方式。
3、在活动中能和同伴能协调配合,会在合作中互相学习。
( 1 )幼儿每日记录天气预报,并着重关注风的内容;
( 2 )根据风力的不同,让幼儿将自己的发现和体验用图画的形式进行记录;
( 3 )请家长予以配合,和孩子事先一起收集一些关于“风”的资料和知识,。
( 1 )每组一块分类板
( 2 )吹风机、扇子、垫板、打气筒、纸板、书、气球、风车、鸡毛、棉花、小纸船等
( 3 )“笑”与“生气”的脸谱图各一张。
教师在幼儿探索活动中的一个重要作用,就是“把孩子引向一个明确的方向”。关于风,幼儿无法真正了解它的形成,但是他们可以用自己的所见所闻和亲身感受来证明风的存在,通过实验来证明风的大小、判断风的方向,甚至可以尝试着用常见的工具制造风,使孩子真正接触自然,发现自然界的奇妙。在这个活动中,遵循幼儿自主探索的原则,设置开放性的问题,通过幼儿自主地收集信息(书、网络、实验或询问家长),让幼儿在动眼看、动嘴说、、动耳听、动手做、动脑想的过程中不断丰富、扩展有关“风”的经验,并自己想办法来解决一些问题,使幼儿在轻松、愉快的氛围中获得知识,习得方法。
师:过几天我们就要去出游了,我知道大家都和关心天气情况。那么,谁来向大家来介绍一下这两天的天气情况呢?
师:“偏北风 2 ― 3 级”,我们从哪儿可以看出?你怎么知道有风?(带领幼儿到户外观察、感受)
我的提问可能会使孩子回忆以往的经验会说“国旗、树叶……”这时孩子的讨论中对风的感受肯定还不充分,适时地带孩子到户外去感受风的存在,让他们自己去发现风来的时候自然界有着各种奇妙的变化:花瓣迎风飞舞,池中的水会泛起波纹,彩旗会迎风招展。
师:你们听到了什么?看到了什么?感觉到了什么?(让幼儿用图画形式记录下来,并向大家说说)
(出示分类板)请幼儿将自己的图画记录进行归类,要求幼儿之间互相讨论后再分类。 幼儿归类、集体检查。
在对微风进行探索的基础上,激发了孩子关注风力变化的积极性。这就自然地生成了以后的探索活动,在中级风、大风到来时,让他们自发地到户外去感受,然后将自己的体验与发现用图画、表格的形式记录并分类。
师:风有风级,不同的风级表示风的大小不同,人的感受也不同。
师:天气预报说今天是北风,这是什么意思?(北风就是从北边来)(是风向)
“用什么方法判断?” 用这样的话题引发孩子的小组讨论,然后到户外活动,引导孩子用他们的方法证明风来的方向。如:观察旗杆上的国旗飘动;让孩子将羽毛、塑料球放在操场中间,让它们随风滚动……让孩子通过活动,真正明白“风真的从北边来”。了解风是有方向的这一特征后,鼓励孩子想办法把“风向”记录下来。就方法让孩子展开讨论:可以标汉字,也可以标箭头,记录不求精确,只要初步学习使用科学的记录方式。
师:(拿出风车)这些风车在活动室能玩吗?
孩子们肯定会疑惑地说“怎么玩,没有风!”我就一句话燃烧孩子制造风的热情:“没有风不可以制造点儿风啊?”怎样制造风呢?带着这个问题,让孩子自己寻找材料,如吹风机、电风扇、扇子、气球打气筒……孩子们可以用纸板、扇子扇,把气球吹鼓后撒气……鼓励孩子用各种方式尝试制造风。虽然他们没有真正看到风的形成过程,但是我想这些生动有趣的探索活动对他们今后的成长将具有深远意义。
师:小朋友想了很多办法制造了风,那你们喜欢风吗?为什么?(幼儿讨论)
课后通过孩子自己不断地收集信息与资料,让孩子逐步发现风能帮人类做许多事情,利用风可以发电、传播种子等等,但也会给人类带来危害。我想,了解风的利与弊有助于孩子辨证地看待事物,从小形成科学的思维方式。