一年级数学说课稿(十八篇)
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
一年级数学说课稿篇一
1. 在具体的活动与情况中,初步体会减法的数学含义,认识减法。
2. 能正确计算5以内的减法,能用减法解决简单的实际问题
3. 初步感知减法与生活的联系,在运算过程中培养学生良好的学习习惯。
初步体会减法的含义,能正确计算5以内减法能运用本节课所学的知识解决简单的实际问题。
正确计算5以内减法,并运用在解决实际问题上。
教师在黑板上列两个式子3+2,4+1,准备5个苹果,然后叫两名同学来做题,做对的可以吃到苹果以资奖励。
(1)让班内的其他同学看5个苹果,然后拿走两个,让同学们回答还剩下几个,教师在黑板上列式子。
(2)讲出减号的意义。
(3)让学生说说是如何想的。
(1)教师引导学生读题、思考。
(2)让学生独立试做。
(3)教师给班级学生分组交流讨论。
(4)全班汇总。
(5)教师总结并布置作业。
一年级数学说课稿篇二
������î»ï¿½ï¿½î¯ï¿½ï¿½òºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½õªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½10�������ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îª10���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï° 5���úµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä£ï¿½ï¿½5-2=3��îªï¿½ôºï¿½10���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î³ì¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1. �ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2. ����è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���úµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3. ������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ñ§ï°ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
�������������äºï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½
��
��
������ê¦ï¿½úºú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½3+2��4+1��׼��5��æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ô³ôµï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��
������1���ã°ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½5��æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç»ø´ï¿½ê£ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½úºú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½
������2���������åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
������3����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
��
������1����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½
������4��è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
������5����ê¦ï¿½ü½á²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇三
本节课是一年级下册第88和89页,《找规律》的例1~例3及“做一做。”
“找规律”在新教材中是一个独立的单元,“找规律”作为新单元的第一课,非常重要。本单元是从形象的图形排列规律,颜色交替规律慢慢过渡到抽象的数列规律,如果这节课没有把握好,那么对学生后面的继续学习将会造成阻碍。
知识目标:学生能够通过物品的有序排列,初步认识简单的排列规律,会根据规律知道下一个物体。
过程与方法:通过观察主题图,认识规律同时掌握寻找规律的方法,通过涂色,摆一摆,画一画等活动培养学生的动手能力,激发创新意识。
本节课的目标:
1.通过观察、操作等活动,能找出事物变化规律,激发学生感受数学、发现美的情感。
2.能够设计有规律的图形排列。
3.能在生活中找出有关规律的应用。
教学重点:通过图形或物体的有序排列,初步认识简单的排列规律,并会知道下一个图形或物体。
教学难点:能够创造出有规律的图形
学生在生活中已经接触到一些规律性的现象,只是没有上升到理论的高度。在课堂中,只要老师稍加规范和引导,就可以使学生的思路变得清晰。
一年级的小孩子很活泼,思维很灵活,这就需要串联一个情景,引起他们的兴趣。找规律这个知识点相对来说很简单,关键就看老师怎么规范学生已有的凌乱的知识。另外,一年级的小孩子能够集中精力的时间很短,这就对我提出了挑战。怎样设计情景才能更好的引起学生的兴趣,怎样抓住学生集中精力的这段时间把要突出的重点讲出。在设计这节课的时候,我按照从易到难的层次逐步提高。从简单的颜色规律到形状规律,之后,联系生活、发现规律,最后能够摆出规律、运用规律。由易到难,一步一个脚印,层层递进。
本节课,在教学方法上力求体现以下几方面:
1.从生活情景出发,为学生创设探究学习的情境。
“注意是知识的门户”、“兴趣是最好的老师”可见学生学习的注意和兴趣是影响教学质量的重要因素。这节课,我力求从学生喜欢的“联欢会”这一生活情境出发,为学生的学习创设一个探究的情境。
2.联系生活实际,学生体会数学与生活的密切联系。欣赏生活中有规律的图片,体会规律给生活带来的美。
3.改变学生的学习方式,让学生合作学习,培养学生的合作能力。
动手实践、自主探索、合作交流是学生学习数学的重要方式,转变教师角色,给学生较大的空间,开展探究性学习。让他们在具体的操作活动中进行独立思考,并与同伴交流。使学生能更好地去发现,去创造。
4.创设多元情景、发展多元智能。
根据“多元强化”“多角思考”的理论。我创设多元情景,如摆规律,看规律,涂规律,欣赏规律、编规律等活动,从多个角度进行强化,让学生从多个角度进行思考,发展学生的多元智能。
通过老师贴星星,学生猜,再贴,再猜的游戏过程,学生可以初步感知到在我们身边有些事物是有规律的,同时也让学生感到数学就在我们身边。
在这一环节中,我利用教材上的主题图,制成学生熟悉的活动情境,引发学生自觉参与学习活动的积极性,使知识的发现过程融于丰富、有趣的生活活动之中,激发学生的探索意识。同时通过回答正确奖一颗星的办法,激发学生学习的兴趣。
通过运用多媒体演示,让学生加深对有规律图形排列的理解,突破难点。
在本环节,我把书上的例2、例3分别设计成了第一关和第二关,然后在第三关设计较难的猜一猜
通过这三关的梯度训练,检测学生应用规律的能力,从最简单的排列规律过渡到较难的排列规律,让学生在实践参与的过程中加深对规律现象的认知,真正的体现了以学生为主体,这不仅培养了学生合作意识,同时也增加了学生对数学的学习兴趣,将知识纳入到知识体系中加以综合,符合儿童的认知特点。
在第四关,我设计了一些生活中有规律的图片,让学生在生活中找和欣赏规律,让学生意识到数学离不开生活,让学生感受到规律能表现美、创造美并体现美的重要作用,体现了学习生活中的数学。第五关我是让学生自主创造一条规律,给学生一个运用新知充分发散思维的空间,引导学生去发现、去创造,培养学生初步的创新意识和创新能力。
这节课,我们一起找到了生活中常见的一些规律,学完以后,你有什么想法?
你认为哪个小组表现最棒?
这个环节通过前面获得智慧星的数目,让学生对自己的表现来一个评价,体现了与开头的衔接同时对本节课学生学习的情况做了一个很好的总结。
一年级数学说课稿篇四
�������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½88��89ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1~��3������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½âµï¿½ôªï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½õºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½
����öªê¶ä¿ï¿½ê£ºñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
���������뷽����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½éµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½í¿é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
�������ú¿îµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����1��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½
����2���ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½
����3�������������ò³ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½øµã£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
������ñ§ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä¸ß¶è¡ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ô¼ó¹æ·¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óºü»ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ü¼òµ¥£ï¿½ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½æ·¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã½²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½õ´ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñµä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ó¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£º
����1.�������龰������îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½
������ע����öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½
����2.��ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3.�ä±ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï´ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£
����4.�����ôªï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
�������ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµè»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù²âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµä£ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ê¹öªê¶ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ö®ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä°ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£
�����ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2����3�ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ò»ï¿½øºíµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ý¶ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½â²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµ½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½øµã¡£
�����úµï¿½ï¿½ä¹ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½é¢ë¼î¬ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ë·¨ï¿½ï¿½
��������îªï¿½ä¸ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ªí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üºãµï¿½ï¿½ü½á¡£
一年级数学说课稿篇五
一、教学内容:
人教版九年义务教育小学教科书数学一年级下册第50—51页:例5、例6、例7。
二、教材分析:
简单的计算这节课是认识人民币这部分的第二课时,教材在认识了人民币单位:元、角、分它们的十进制关系的基础上,以生活中的实际问题为教学资源,从学生已有的知识和经验出发。
三、教学目标:
1、知道人民币单位间的换算,会进行一些简单的计算。
2、知道物品价格的表达形式。
3、通过模拟购物活动,初步体会人民币在社会生活、商品交换中的作用。
人民币和日常生活息息相关,我国又有给孩子“压岁钱”的习俗,许多家长喜欢带孩子上超市并让他们在一定范围自由选购自己喜欢的商品,让许多学生较早有了钱的概念,会看价格标签,部分学生甚至有了实际购物经验,因此,这节课设计中尽量放手让学生自主学习,充分发挥学生的学习潜力,借助学生已有知识和经验,又好又快的进行学习。
1、从学生实际经验入手, 唤醒学生的思维,把生活中的经验转化为知识,轻松突破元和角之间的换算难点。
2、创设情景,直接出示商品及价格标签,在学生回忆平时看到的商品价格的表示方法中,让学生体验到数学与日常生活的密切联系,同时,通过已经知道价格表示方法的学生来带动其他学生学习,体现学生的自主学习。
3、人民币的计算离不开购物,让学生在模拟购物的过程中完成简单的加法计算。通过选购不同商品,需要不同的付钱方法,深刻体会进率的换算,让知识在操作中得以内化,学生学了也不易忘记。
4、教学中所设计的游戏和购物活动,都采用2人合作方式,可以让学生合作学习,互相带动。
5、最后一个环节的设计是让学生学会阅读、利用教材,同时通过完成填空回忆整理本课所学知识。
一、教具准备:多媒体课件;教具图片、卡片。
二、学具准备:学生学具袋。(内装各种面值的模拟人民币)
一、复习引入。
上节课我们认识了人民币,你能说说人民币的单位有那些吗?按质地可以分为哪两类?
二、新课教学。
(一)联系生活,经验转换知识。
小凡喜欢吃奶糖,小卖部里1角可以买1颗,今天妈妈给了小凡1元2角,小凡可以买几颗奶糖?(课件出示相关图片)
你是怎么想的?(1角1颗,1元=10角,1元2角=12角,买10颗,还有2角买2颗,一共可以买12颗)
小红的奶奶给了她一些1角的零钱,她数一数一共有12角,小红想换成整钱,可以换成几元几角?(课件出示相关图片)
你是怎样想的呢?(10角=1元,12角=1元2角,可以换成1元2角)
同学们真聪明!生活中我们经常需要换钱,现在我们就来做个换钱游戏。
教师指名一名学生配合先示范:生:你好!我有3元8角,想换成角票。师:当然可以,给你38角。你算算对吗?生:1元等于10角,3元就是30角,再加上8角就是28角,对了,谢谢你。
师:你好!我想把我的26角零钱换成整钱可以吗?生:没问题。10角换1元,20角换2元,一共换2元6角。同座学生模仿做换钱游戏。
(二)设境激趣,合作实践学习。
谈话过渡:学会换钱,老师带大家一起去逛逛小朋友都喜欢的地方——东东超市
课件出示货品图片和价格标签(例6),让学生认一认,学生自由说自己认识的价格标签,表示多少钱?
教师相机引导学生找到规律:小圆点左边表示几元,小圆点右边第一位表示几角,第二位表示几分。现在一般情况下物品的价格都标到角。
游戏巩固:看看谁的反应快(完成50页做一做)
把写有价格的物品图片和对应写有几元几角的卡片发给不同的学生,拿物品图片的学生先举起来,拿对应的卡片的学生快速反应。全班一起订正。
谈话过渡:超市里还有许多东西,课件出示物品及标价(例7,51页及“做一做”内容)现在我们同座每2个同学为一组任意选购2件不同的物品,自己计算出应付的钱到“收银台”(老师处)结帐。
学生分小组购物,老师在“收银台”检查每组学生的计算和拿出的钱数是否正确,对有问题的学生马上辅导。
三、知识整理。
引导学生使用教材,复习本课学习内容。今天同学们学得真好!一节课可学了不少知识呢!同学们翻开书,看一看50页和51页的例5、例6和例7,你能把书上的空很快地填一填吗?
学生看书填空后,课件出示书上50页、51页内容,师生一起逐空订正,从而达到整理知识,总结全课的目的。
四、课后练习。
在家长的陪同下做一次实际购物体验,要求自己看价格标签,自己计算金额,自己付帐。
一年级数学说课稿篇六
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½
�����ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½50��51ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5����6����7��
���������ì²ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����òµ¥µä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²¿ï¿½öµäµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����1��öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½òµ¥µä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
����2��öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½û¸ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
����3��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½â¹ºï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����
��������òºï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½á¿´ï¿½û¸ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¾ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½îªöªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½í½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£
����2�������龰��ö±ï¿½ó³ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¸ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½û¸ï¿½ä±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµ½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¸ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����3������òµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½â¹ºï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼òµ¥µä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµä»ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½
����4����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2�ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5�����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ì²ä£ï¿½í¬ê±í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¾ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¾ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
�����ï½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ð£¿°ï¿½ï¿½êµø¿ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¿
���������â¿î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1�ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1�å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½1ôª2�ç£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¼¸¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
����������ã´ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��1�å£ï¿½1ôª=10�ç£ï¿½1ôª2��=12�ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10�å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2����2�å£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12�å£ï¿½
����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©1�çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12�ç£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë»»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
����������������ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10��=1ôªï¿½ï¿½12��=1ôª2�ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ôª2�ç£ï¿½
����í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3ôª8�ç£ï¿½ï¿½ë»»ï¿½é½ï¿½æ±ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½38�ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10�ç£ï¿½3ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½30�ç£ï¿½ï¿½ù¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8�ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½28�ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ð»ð»ï¿½ã¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½26����ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£10�ç»ï¿½1ôªï¿½ï¿½20�ç»ï¿½2ôªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2ôª6�ç¡ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½
�����������辳��è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á»»ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·í¼æ¬ï¿½í¼û¸ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ä¼û¸ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ßµï¿½ò»î»ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ä¼û¸ñ¶¼±êµ½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½
������ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë�ä·ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ì£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½50ò³ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ð´ï¿½ð¼û¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·í¼æ¬ï¿½í¶ï¿½ó¦ð´ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ä¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù·ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¶«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½7��51ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ã¿2��í¬ñ§îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½2����í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½é¹ºï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ã½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¿î¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ø£ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½50ò³ï¿½ï¿½51ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5����6����7�����ü°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¿õºü¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õºó£¬¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½50ò³ï¿½ï¿½51ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½è«ï¿½îµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú¼ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¸ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇七
在新的教学理念下,对于本课的教学,我将从以下三方面谈谈我的设想。我将本次说课分为“设计理念、设计思路、教学程序”三部分。
数学课程标准明确指出:学生是学习的主人,教师应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会;学生的数学学习活动应当是一个生动活泼的、主动的和富有个性的过程。
在新的教学理念下,对于本课的教学,我将从以下三方面谈谈我的设想。
1、创造利于学生成长的课程环境,让学生在现实情境中体验和理解数学,经历数学化的过程,让学习数学、探索知识成为学生的需要。
2、提供小组合作交流的机会,让学生不断适应新的学习方式,学会与他人合作学习。
3、鼓励算法多样化,使学生在课堂上得到应有的尊重。因此,在现实情境中,有意识地采用“操作实践、自主探索、合作交流、积极思考”等活动方式,让学生从中感受、理解知识的产生和发展的过程,尝到发现数学的滋味。
1、教材特点
“小兔请客”的教学内容是100以内的整十数加减法,是本册教材计算教学的起始,也是进一步学习100以内加减法的基础,它是在学生认识了100以内的数和熟练口算20以内的加减法的基础上进行教学的。教材通过“小兔请客”的童话故事,创设加减法的具体情境,从中引出问题:①一共有多少个果子?②草地上还剩下多少个果子?然后让学生用小棒代替果子摆一摆,帮助学生建立加减法的表象,最后鼓励学生列出抽象的算式,再让学生尝试解答。通过交流,体会算法的多样化,同时结合算式引导学生认识加减法算式的各部分名称。
本单元内容与学生的生活密切相关,根据《标准》的理念,在教学中,把计算教学与解决简单的实际问题结合起来,培养学生解决实际问题的意识和能力。
2、学生分析
小学一年级的学生,抽象思维能力差,有意注意时间短,他们只对数学学习的过程和外部活动感兴趣,他们更乐于在动口、动手、动脑等多种形式的活动中学习。那么,生动有趣的学习情境,形象具体的直观演示,丰富多彩的游戏容易吸引他们的注意,激起他们参与学习活动的热情。
3、教学目标
基于以上的认识,我确定了本节课的教学目标为:
(1).在实际情境中,进一步体会加减法的意义,探索并掌握整十数加减法的计算方法,体会计算方法的多样性,并能正确计算。
(2).通过动手操作、合作交流,初步经历在具体情境中提出问题和解决问题的过程,发展解决实际问题的意识和能力。
(3).在生动活泼的.情境中,激发学生学习的兴趣和主动探索的意识。
4、教学重难点
根据新课标、教材、以及学生的认识规律,我确定的教学重点难点:理解加减法的意义。熟练地口算100以内整十数加减整十数。
依据这节课的教材知识结构,为优化教学过程,实现“尊重学生、注重发展”的课堂教学要求,这节课的程序安排如下:
(一)创设情境,导入新课
以谈话的形式自由交流,并正确灵活地运用情境教学,使学生融入想像的世界,激发学生的学习兴趣,获得积极的情感体验。
(二)合作学习,探索新知
根据一年级学生的特点,我创造性地使用教材,用学生感兴趣的连环画,创设了“小兔请客”情境。进行探索加法的计算方法。
这样的教学安排,是依据“动手实践、自主探索、合作交流”是学生学好数学的重要方式这个理念设计的。作为教师要深入每一个学习小组,鼓励学生发表自己的意见,并与同伴交流,让每一位学生学会相互倾听、相互质疑。在这一过程中,学生可以懂得尊重别人,学会倾听别人的意见,知道如何吸取和采纳别人的建议。
然后探索减法的计算方法
在学生已探索出加法的计算方法的基础上,让学生探索减法的计算方法,学生很容易由加法类推到减法,由此培养学生初步的知识迁移能力。
最后学习加、减法算式各部分名称
运用儿童化的语言,再次激起学生求知的欲望,充分尊重学生已有的知识经验,让学生体验到成功的快乐。
(三)巩固练习,拓展延伸
一年级数学说课稿篇八
�������âµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½î·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
����
������ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½è·ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºí¸ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
�������âµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
����1����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½
����2���ṩð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½âµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������㷨��������ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµãµï¿½ó¦ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ø²ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1���ì²ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½
������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°100���ú¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½100���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½20���úµä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ú²ýµï¿½ï¿½ï»ï¿½ê£ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
��������ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ð¡ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½â²¿ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµè¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½×¢ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����3����ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½
������1������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
������2����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3�������������ãµï¿½.�龳�ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����4����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
���������â¿î±ê¡¢ï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100������ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����������ú¿îµä½ì²ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½êµï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ø·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½
������ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
��������������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öª
��������ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ê¹ï¿½ã½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ê¦òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð¡ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»î»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ëµä½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����è»ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ç¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ñ§ï°ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ã¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ù´î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµ½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
����������������ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇九
今天我说课的题目是《小兔请客》,《小兔请客》选自北师大数学教材一年级下册第五单元《加与减》(二)的第一个内容,这节课是在学生学习了20以内加减法和100以内数的认识的基础上安排的整十数加减整十数的一节课,本节课从学生感兴趣的小兔请客这一情境中抽象出加减法算式,体会加减法的意义,学习掌握计算的方法理解算理。这节课为学生继续学习加减法计算起着重要的铺垫作用。
1、让学生在具体的情境中经历提出问题、解决问题的过程,进一步体会加减法的意义。
2、探索并掌握整十数加、减整十数的计算方法,体会算法的多样性。
3、认识加减算式各部分的名称。
4、激发学生的学习兴趣。
重点:计算是低年级教学的重要内容,探索并掌握整十数加减整十数的计算方法、理解算理则是本节课的重点。
难点:在实际情境中通过动手操作,进一步体会加减法的意义。
教学中如何突出重点、突破难点,完成三维目标?新课标明确指出:有效的数学学习不能单纯的依赖记忆和模仿,而要动手操作,自主探究和合作交流才是学习的重要方式,本节课根据教材特点和学生年龄特征我运用多媒体,采用实际操作的教学方法,让学生在直接感触的基础上,体会算理,掌握多样的计算方法,体会加减法的意义。具体设计了以下环节:
温故、知新、巩固、拓展,体现了我校“一二三四”教学模式中的四个步骤,从复习到作业的布置展示了课前、课中、课后的三个环节。
引入情境、仔细观察、寻找数学信息、提出数学问题、列式解答、进行小结这样一个流程完成知新这个环节。在突破重难点的过程中我设计了“想一想”、“数一数”、“拨一拨”三项活动,让学生积极动手、动脑。采用探究、交流的形式掌握新知,突破重点难点。接着设计了闯关活动进行巩固练习,最后一关进行了拓展让学生用学到的知识解决实际问题,最后进行了总结,并且对学生进行了思想教育。
时间安排上不够合理,拖了几分钟;总结计算方法时语言不够精准,忘了布置作业。
一年级数学说课稿篇十
����
����������ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ô±ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµ¥ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½20���ú¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100����������ê¶ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î´ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����
����1����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
����2��ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����3����ê¶ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
����4������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
����
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡¢í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¬ä¿ï¿½ï¿½?�â¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î¸ï¿½ï¿½ý½ì²ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ó¸ð´ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â»ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½
�����â¹ê¡ï¿½öªï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä£ê½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ó¸ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½
����
���������龳����ï¸ï¿½û²ì¡¢ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡¢½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ø»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ê±ï¿½ä°²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇十一
我说课的内容是京版教材第一册第九单元的学看钟表,由于水平有限,在设计中还存在着一些不足,恳请大家批评指正。
1、建构主义观强调知识不是教师教给学生的,而是通过学生亲身参与,自主探索,主动建构的,因此要强调学生的自身感悟和探究;
2、《数学课程标准》要求学生的数学学习内容应当是现实的、有意义的、富有挑战性的,要有利于学生主动地进行观察、实验、猜测、验证、推理和交流等数学活动,因此应该选择现实生活素材进行教学;
根据以上的具体要求,本次教学设计充分考虑一年级学生已有认知和认知发展规律,通过各种形式的直观教学和动手实践认识钟表,通过对比观察会看钟表的整时和半时,感悟钟表指针指向的道理,体会钟表在生活的重要作用。
《学看钟表》是北京市义务教育改革实验教材第一册第八单元的教学内容。本节课也是小学课本中第一次出现关于时间的知识,这节课主要是让学生首先认识钟面,通过观察知道钟面上有1—12个数字,是怎样排列的;认识时针和分针。其次让学生学会看“整时”和“几时半”时刻的方法,能正确读出这样的时刻。同时让学生体会到时间和生活是密切联系的,把数学知识的学习和学生的生活实际联系起来,向学生进行遵守时间和珍惜时间的教育。
在一年级学生的生活经验里,有许多关于时间的信息:上学的时间、放学的时间、吃饭、休息的时间、……况且大多数孩子在家庭、幼儿园已经了解了一些看钟表的方法,应该说许多学生已经储备了一些“认识钟表”的知识经验。在上课前我也做了一些调查:
1、首先我找几名学生做了课前访谈,我拿着钟表分别问了整时和半时,有80%的学生都能正确的说出整时,但只有40%的学生能正确的说出半时,当我在问你是怎么知道的时,也仅有一两个学生能准确的说清楚认识钟表的方法。
2、我在班中做了调查问卷。
问卷表明,有91.5%的学生能够正确的分清分针、时针。85%的学生能够正确的认识整时,但一些学生在书写上还有问题,有71.4%的学生能够正确的认识半时,并且只有25.7%的学生能够正确的画出半时,可见,学生对钟表的认识还是粗浅的、感性的,不能真正掌握认识钟表的方法。而且多数学生表达时间的方式为几点、几点半。
为此,教学设计时我充分考虑到学生的已有认知和认知规律,让学生在各种生动的具体活动中学看钟表。同时指导学生学会在观察比较,总结归纳出认读整时和半时的方法。
1. 结合生活经验,认识钟面,区分时针与分针。
2. 经历观察、操作、讨论、交流等活动,学会看钟表,会认读整时和半时。
3. 感受时间在日常生活中的广泛应用,培养学生的应用数学的意识。
会区分时针与分针,认读整时和半时。
认读半时,掌握认读方法。
1、师:同学们,今天老师给大家请来了一位好朋友,想知道他是谁吗?仔细听。猜猜他是谁?
2、师: 对了,答案就是钟表。生活中它有什么用啊?钟表,是我们生活中不可缺少的好朋友,他可以告诉我们几点上学,叫我们起床,你会看钟表吗?如果自己学会了看钟表,那该多方便呀!这节课我们就一起来学看钟表。
【设计意图:从谜语导入,激起学生兴趣,从学生的生活入手,让学生感受生活与时间的联系,从而揭示认识钟表的重要性,让学生产生认知需求。】
1、钟表王国的兄弟姐妹可多了,你都见过哪些种类的钟表?你们想去钟表大世界看看吗?(出示图片)
2、师:快拿出你们的钟表,仔细观察,钟表面上,都有些什么?
生:数字、指针、格
3、我们认识了时针和分针,你知道时针和分针在钟面上是朝哪个方向走的吗?(用手指比划一下)像这样顺着表针走的方向叫顺时针方向。引导学生发现时针比分针走的慢,分针走一圈,时针走一格。它们不停地在钟面上走着,随时告诉我们是什么时间了,该去做什么事了。
【设计意图:通过对钟面详细的观察,让学生明白两根针是如何按数字的方向走的,学生有了对顺时针方向的认识,头脑中有了表针走动的表象,在认半时的时候,学生自己就知道分针走过了7,是7时半,还没有到8不能是8时半。这样就分散认半时时的难点。】
其实,小钟表不仅能帮小猴解决问题,我们在学校一天的学习和生活也离不开它。
1、老师也用时间记录了的一我们同学的一天,你知道这是几时吗?
为什么是8时呢?(几名学生说)(贴图)
对了,分针指向12,时针指向8,就是8时。我们还可以把这个时间记录下来,先写数8,再写一个时间的时,读作8时。(板书:8时)
谁来完整的说说,8时我们在干什么?
2、时间滴答滴答向前走,转眼间,同学们上第二节课了,谁能完整的说说,现在是几时?你们在干什么?(出示图片和钟表)
快来和你的同桌说一说,分针和时针各指向几,就是9时?
3、时间过的真快,两节课结束了,同学们的大脑该放松一下了。10时是我们上课间操的时间,你知道,分针和时针该指向几吗?(出示图片)
对,分针指向12,时针指向10,就是10时。(出示钟表)
4、刚才我们一起认识了3个整时的时刻,快来观察一下,这三个钟面,有什么相同和不同的地方?(出示三个钟面)
几名生回答:分针都指向12,时针指向8就是8时,指向9就是9时,指向10就是10时。(圈出分针,出示时间)
你们找到认识整时的方法了吗?
对,当分针指向12,时针指向几,就是几时。(出示重点字)
【设计意图:学生在生活中虽然有的能认识整时,但概念是模糊的。为了更好的抓住重点,突破难点,我用课件出示3个表示不同时刻的钟面,学生通过观察对比、讨论交流,最后达成共识:这3个钟面的分针都指向12,引导总结出当分针指向12时,时针指几就是几时。培养学生进行思维的梳理,使学生能够进行初步的观察、概括、抽象、归纳等思维活动,突出培养学生对数学规律的发现和概括。】
5、拿出你的小钟表,播出一个你喜欢的整时,和同桌说一说,
6、刚才我们一起找出了认识整时的方法,此时,我们在干什么呢?(出示午餐图片)你认识这个时间吗?快和你的同桌交流一下吧。
对,这个时刻就是12时整,他比较特殊,当分针和时针重合在一起,都指向12,这个时候就是12时整。你记住他了吗?
1、吃完午餐后,同学们该午休了,从12时到1时,经过一个小时的午休,同学们该进行下午的学习了,下午第一节课的时间是几时呢,快来看看吧,你认识这个时刻吗?(出示图片钟表贴图)
生说,1时半或2时半,
2、到底是几时半呢?我们一起看一看!
3、请你仔细观察,从1时到1时半,时针和分针是怎样变化的?(出示动态指针)
生说变化:时针走到1和2之间,我们也可以说刚刚经过1,没到2.
分针从12走到了6,我们也可以说,走过了6大格
4、所以,当时针刚刚经过1没到2,分针指向6,这个时刻就是1时半。(圈出1、2,分针闪动)
【设计意图:教师利用钟表动态演示从1时到1时半的过程。有利于学生对半时的表象认识。有效的避免了学生错把1时半认成2时半的发生。】
5、我们结束了一天的学校生活,回到了家里,大家是怎么安排自己的课余时间的,一起到西西家看看吧。
6、这是几时半,小伟在做什么?(出示图片和钟表)
真聪明,这是5时半,西西在做。。。
请你仔细观察,另外两幅图中,西西什么时间在做什么?(6时半看动画片,8时半睡觉)
7、刚才我们一起认识了三个半时的钟面,有了学习整时的经验,你们一定能够很快找到认识半时的方法。快和身边的同学交流一下吧。(出示三个钟面)
几个生说:这三时钟的分针都指向6,时针刚刚经过5,没到6,就是5时半。。。(圈出5、6、8)
8、怎样认识半时呢?
生说
对了,分针指向6,时针刚刚经过几,就是几时半。(出示重点字)你也来说一说吧。
【设计意图:通过这一次的对比观察,使学生更加深刻的认识到整时和半时的表针指向特点。有利于学生更加熟练的辨认整时和半时。】
9、播钟。拿出你的小钟表,拨一个你喜欢的半时,考考你的同桌。
1、经过了一夜的休息,西西自己起床了,没用妈妈叫,原来他有了自己的新手表,你见过这种时间表示方法吗?(出示起床图片,电子表)
这种表示时间的方法是电子计时法,你知道这是几时吗?
2、你在哪还见过这种表示时间的方法?
老师也带来了几个电子计时法表示的时间,认识他们吗?一起来看看这都是什么时间?(出示电子表)
生:第一个钟面上,是12时
怎样用电子计时法来表示这个时刻呢,先写12,再写两个竖着的圆点,最后再写两个0。读作12时。
3、第二个钟表是几时啊?生:6时半
你知道如何用电子计时法表示它吗?
生:先写6,再写两个圆点,再写3和0
4、相信你也能用电子计时法表示出黑板上的时间,和你的同桌说一说,应该如何表示,找两个同学到黑板上写。
现在有各种这样的钟表帮助我们表示时间,那你知道古时候人们如何表示时间吗?想不想看看。(出示图片并介绍)古时候的人们用自己的聪明智慧发明了很多表示时间的方法,感兴趣的同学可以下课后继续了解。
【设计意图:让学生了解古代计时方法,丰富知识,激发兴趣】
这节课马上要结束了,我们一起渡过了40分钟的时间,真快呀!同学们,时间就是这样,很快过去而且不会再回来。这节课你有什么收获吗?时间非常宝贵,我们要好好利用时间,做时间的小主人。
1、第一关,连线(练习卷子4个表面)
钟表图:6时 9时半 3时 3时半
选项:3时半 6:00 9时半 3:00
分别说一遍确定方法。
第三个和第四个钟面上你是怎么知道哪个是3时和哪个是3时半的?
2、第二关,照样子写一些(卷子3个表面)
请你将钟面上的时间用两个不同的方法,表示出来。
例子:9点 9时 11点的 4点半的
9:00
学生伸出手指跟着钟表的指针顺时针转动,边走边数,体会顺时针方向。
教师利用钟表动态演示从1时到1时半的过程。有利于学生对半时的表象认识。
有效的避免了学生错把1时半认成2时半的发生。
第一次对比:凸显整时表针指向特征,有利于学生准确熟练的辨认整时。
第二次对比:区别整时、半时。有利于学生更加准确熟练的辨认整时和半时。
第三次对比:凸显半时表针指向特征,有利于学生准确熟练的辨认半时。
教师的提问,符合学生的心理特点和认知规律。学生出现意见的分歧,让他们自己说说为什么,在师生交流、生生交流中,学生一步步对钟表有了更加深刻的认识。整节课学生经历着在观察中思考,在对比中发现,在发现中争论,在争论中提升的过程。我们把课堂真正还给了学生,师生在共同的研讨、交流中感受数学学习的乐趣。
一年级数学说课稿篇十二
������ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ú¾åµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��
����1�����������ç¿ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2������ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ôµä£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹û²ì¡¢êµï¿½é¡¢ï¿½â²â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ä½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ïµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£¬±ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½û½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±è¹û²ï¿½á¿´ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ì²äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ú°ëµï¿½ôªï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1—12�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ê±ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á¿´“��걔��“��ê±ï¿½ï¿½”ê±ï¿½ìµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ì¡ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï§ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢……���ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½í¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ô°ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©“��ê¶ï¿½ó±ï¿½”��öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£º
����1���������ò¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½80%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½40%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�����ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½91.5%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ê±ï¿½ë¡£85%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½71.4%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½25.7%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ç³ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
����îªï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ò³ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹û²ï¿½è½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1. ������î¾ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
����2. �����û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á¿´ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����3. ����ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¹ã·ºó¦ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����������ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
�����ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��
����1��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë����ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë��
����2��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ ���ë£ï¿½ï¿½ð°¸¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ã°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ùµäºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´²£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¿´ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ã¶à·½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½!��ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡£¡ï¿½
��
����1���ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµü½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿é¶ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ã¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ö¡ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½
����3��������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½è»ï¿½ò»ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½å±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ê±ï¿½ë·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»è¦ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä¹û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ë³ê±ï¿½ë·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½7����7ê±ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ðµï¿½8������8ê±ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï°ï¿½ê±ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½
��
������êµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð£ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1����ê¦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ëµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½8ê±ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½
�������ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½8������8ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½8����ð´ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£º8ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����ë��������ëµëµï¿½ï¿½8ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ê±ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ß£ï¿½×ªï¿½û¼ä£¬í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ë��������ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������í¬ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ò¼¸£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����3��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½çµä´ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ã·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½10ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿î¼ï¿½ùµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
�����ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½10������10ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4���õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½3����ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ò»ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½í²ï¿½í¬ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£©
�����������ø´ð£º·ï¿½ï¿½ë¶¼ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½8����8ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½9����9ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½10����10ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ä£©
���������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ò¼¸£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½
�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½îªï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½øµã£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾3����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ô±è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3������ä·ï¿½ï¿½ë¶¼ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12�������ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡¢¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä·ï¿½ï¿½öºí¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5���ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½
����6���õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â°é¡ï¿½
�����ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ì¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð£¬¶ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½12�����ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1��������íºï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12ê±ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¸ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½
������ëµï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2ê±ï¿½ë£¬
����2�������ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3��������ï¸ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ë£¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ö¸ï¿½ë£©
������ëµï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½1��2ö®ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½õ¸õ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��ã»ï¿½ï¿½2.
���������12�ߵ���6������ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6���
����4�����ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½õ¸õ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ã»ï¿½ï¿½2������ö¸ï¿½ï¿½6�����ê±ï¿½ì¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½1��2������������
�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½2ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5�����ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
����6�����ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ë£¬ð¡î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������������5ê±ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ï¸ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6ê±ï¿½ë¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½8ê±ï¿½ï¿½ë¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����7���õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â°é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£©
����������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½óµä·ï¿½ï¿½ë¶¼ö¸ï¿½ï¿½6��ê±ï¿½ï¿½õ¸õ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��ã»ï¿½ï¿½6������5ê±ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½5��6��8��
����8��������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ø£ï¿½
������ëµ
�������ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½6��ê±ï¿½ï¿½õ¸õ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½é¡ï¿½
�����������í¼:í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµä¶ô±è¹û²ì£¬ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����9�����ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1��������ò»ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ô���������ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ö±ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����2�������ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ê±ï¿½ä£¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12ê±
���������ãµï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��ð´12����ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ô²ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½0������12ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����3���ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6ê±ï¿½ï¿½
������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ð´6����ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ð´3��0
����4��������ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½
���������ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ë¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºü¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â¡£
�����������í¼:��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½å´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½40���óµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
����
����1����ò»ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4�����棩
�����ó±ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½6ê± 9ê±ï¿½ï¿½ 3ê± 3ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ¡ï¿½î£º3ê±ï¿½ï¿½ 6��00 9ê±ï¿½ï¿½ 3��00
�����ö±ï¿½ëµò»ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������íµï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
����2���ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3�����棩
�������㽫�����ïµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ó£ï¿½9�� 9ê± 11��� 4����
����9��00
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ë³ê±ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ê±ï¿½ë·½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
������ð§ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½2ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½î¶ô±è£ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½î¶ô±è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
���������î¶ô±è£ï¿½í¹ï¿½ô°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ëµëµîªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ô±ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇十三
《数学课程标准》明确指出:“学生是数学学习的主人,教师是数学学习的组织者、引导者和合作者。”基于对《数学课程标准》的研读,结合本节课学生的年龄特点及认知水平,我对本节课的教学理念有如下认识:
1、创造有利于学生理解的教学情境,让学生在现实情境中体验和理解数学,经历数学化的过程。
2、为学生提供充分数学活动的机会,变“学数学”为“做数学”。
3、让学生经历知识的形成过程,感受推理、转化等数学思想方法。
4、多方位、多元化评价学生。
在教学过程中坚持“以学生为主体,以教师为主导”的原则,依据学生的心理发展规律,采用学生参与程度高的教学方法即,教师的“教”立足于学生的“学”。
1、教学内容 人民教育出版社九年义务教育课程标准《数学》教科书一年级下册第61页主题图及第62页例1,完成“做一做”及第63页练习十四第2题、第3题、第5题。
2、教材分析 本节课内容是在学生基本掌握了100以内数的读法、写法和数的组成,以及整十加一位数和相应的减法的基础上进行编排的。整十数加、减整十数的口算方法与10以内加、减法基本相同,只是计数单位不同,是以十为计数单位。教材首先呈现给学生的是一幅发新书的情境图,学生尝试提出数学问题。小精灵的提示语显示出让学生自主探索口算方法,相互交流,体现了算法多样化理念。这样编排,有助于学生加深对相同单位的数可以直接相加、减的认识,为后面学习任意两个数相加、减打基础。整十数加、减整十数属于本单元教学中的重点内容之一,着重解决把相同数位的数相加。遵循了由具体到抽象的原则,有利于学生思维能力的培养,为进一步提高计算速度、培养计算能力,解决实际问题打基础。
3、教学目标 根据《课程标准》的要求,结合教材的特点及学生的实际情况,我制定了以下三个目标:
(1)、经历在实际情景中提出问题并解决问题的过程,掌握整十数加、减整十数口算的方法,并能正确计算。
(2)、让学生学会把整十数加减整十数归结为10以内加减法,树立转化意识。
(3)、在观察、比较、合作交流中逐步培养学生主动探索和独立思考的意识,感受算法的多样性,培养思维的灵活性。
(4)、体验解决问题的成功喜悦,树立学好数学的信心。
4、教学重难点 教学重点:整十数加减整十数的口算方法。教学难点:整十数加减整十数的口算的算理、算法。
本着树立以“以学生发展为本”、“以学定教”、“教为学服务”的思想,在教学活动中我采用引导自学、合作交流相结合的方法,让学生在理解算理的基础上熟练运用算法形成计算技能,有效地提高了教学效率。在知识的应用阶段,我还采用自主探索来解决问题,形成技能。
因为计算常给人的感觉是枯燥乏味,所以在教学中我借助发新书这一生动情境,把整十数加减整十数的口算置入有事物情境、有情节的探索中,使口算含有丰富、生动的具体内容。
在探索整十数加减整十数的口算方法时,通过讨论、交流、动手操作等活动,让学生自主探索,显示不同算法,体现了《课标》中“鼓励学生独立思考,提倡计算方法的多样化”的理念。
练习环节请学生帮忙摆筷子,参与开火车游戏,帮助家人买衣服,淡化“练”的痕迹,巩固和实践相关的知识技能,发展数学思考能力。
这一节课的教学对象是一年级的学生。他们年龄小、好动、爱玩、好奇心强,在四十分钟的教学中容易疲劳,注意力容易分散。根据这一特点,为了抓住他们的兴趣,激发他们的好奇心,我借助发新书的情境,让学生在身临其境的环境中愉快地学习。《课程标准》指出:“动手实践、自主探索、合作交流是学生学习数学的重要方式”。在教学过程中,通过让学生看一看(看图)、想一想(想问题和算法)、数一数(数书)、说一说(说算理与算法)、摆一摆(摆小棒)等多种形式,让学生积极动眼、动耳、动脑、动口,引导学生通过自己的学习体验来学习新知,积极开展本节课的数学活动。充分体现了学生为主体教师为主导的原则。体现了《课程标准》要求“学生是学习数学的主人,教师是数学学习的组织者、引导者和合作者”的功能。
一年级数学说课稿篇十四
����
������ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼êµï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ò»ð¡ï¿½ï¿½6��7����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼îªï¿½î±ï¿½47ò³ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£
����
����1�� ��òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½
����������������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½6��7����ê¶ï¿½í¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ðµï¿½13�⡶������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6��7�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºå¡ï¿½
����2�� ��î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³í¼ï¿½ï¿½ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����1�� ��öªä¿ï¿½ê£ºê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����2�� ����ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6��7�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ���ä¿ï¿½ê£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ù½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½
����������ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµä¡ï¿½
����îªï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�������ú¿îµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6��7�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
�����ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½
�������ú½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
����1���ó½ì²ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6��7�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã¹ã·ºï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°8��9�ô¼ï¿½10�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½óµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
����������ñµã£¬ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
����
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ �����龳����è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿¶ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½å¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õºï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©öªê¶ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï°6��7�ä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ¡£ï¿½ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½×ªò»×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î£ï¿½
������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öª
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä·ï¿½ê½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
����1�� ��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹û²ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¹û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ìµ½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ä¡ï¿½
�������å°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ú»ï¿½í¨öªê¶ï¿½ð£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á¡£
����è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ã¿õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����2�� ��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������îªï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ð£¿»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶¼ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½
����������������òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êºå±ï¿½ê¾òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ð£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¼â³¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ì¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ò²ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à·´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����3�� ���������⣬�ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êºåµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½4�ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ßµï¿½2�ë£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½6�ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2�ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½4�ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3�ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3�ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½1�ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½5�ëµèµè£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶èµø¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½á³«ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£¬µï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±è½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½í¬ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ã»ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à½²ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½îª7��2=5�����ãµï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½êºï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½7��5=2�������������׻����ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êºï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£º
����1���êºåµï¿½î»ï¿½ã¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2���êºå¼ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ðµäµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
����ô�����������õ»ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¹ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½â½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä°ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªö»òªï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ã¹»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¿õ¼ä£¬ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½
����4�� ��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ë¸õ²åµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½
��������ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½51ò³ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡¶ð¡ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±è±ï¿½ï¿½ì¡·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½èµè£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ðµä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¤ð¡ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î»ï¿½ï¿½ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³éµä¡ï¿½
�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¥ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë�ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ê¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½âµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡£
������ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½å£¬ê¹öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ý³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½
�����ã£ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ìµ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ð»ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇十五
��������ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºíºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¼°ï¿½ï¿½öªë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ô±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����1������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
����2��îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ä¡°ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë¼ï¿½ë·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4���෽î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ô½ï¿½ê¦îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶è¸ßµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������������������î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½61ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½62ò³ï¿½ï¿½1����é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½63ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï°ê®ï¿½äµï¿½2�⡢��3�⡢��5�⡣
����2���ì²ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100�������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½åµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10���ú¼ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è³ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³í¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ���é¾ï¿½ï¿½åµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ ���ý¡ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ï½ì²äµï¿½ï¿½øµã¼°ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£º
������1����������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
������2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îª10���ú¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
������3�����ú¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
������4��������������ä³é¹ï¿½ï²ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����4����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ ��ñ§ï¿½øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½
�������������ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡±µï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½î³é¼ï¿½ï¿½ã¼¼ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ð§ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã½×¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½î³é¼ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
������îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï·¦î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãº¬ï¿½ð·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½
������ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½î±ê¡·ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á³«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡£
������ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºû¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½í£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×·ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½øµã£¬îªï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµäºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾³ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£©ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô�������ë¡ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºíºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
一年级数学说课稿篇十六
我说课的内容是义务教育课程标准实验教科书小学数学一年级上册第六单元第一小节6和7的认识及加减法中的用数学部分,主题图为课本47页插图:金色的秋天。
1、 主要内容:
本节内容是在学习了6、7的认识和加减法的基础上展开教学的。教材集中安排了一组以金色的秋天为题的用数学的内容,包括两道例题和一组做一做的习题,练习中的13题《美丽的小湖》也是类似的题目,其内容都是用6和7的加减法解决生活中的计算问题。教材在这里第一次出现了大括号和问号。
2、 地位和作用
本节内容是一种用情境图反映的数学问题,有利于学生将所学知识同生活实际紧密结合起来,并在生活中去发现数学问题、解决问题,从而发展解决简单实际问题的能力。从整个知识网络来看,它也标志着数学应用题教学的开始,是向后面的文字应用题过渡的桥梁。
通过分析教材,我确立了如下教学目标:
1、 认知目标:使学生认识并理解大括号和问号的意义,能借助图画正确分析题意。
2、 技能目标:会用6和7的加减法解决生活中的简单问题,初步感受数学与日常生活的密切联系,体验学数学用数学的乐趣。
3、 情感目标:通过本节课教学,向学生渗透热爱大自然、保护环境等方面的教育,从而促进学生在态度、情感等方面的健康发展。
这三个目标在教学中是相互渗透、相互交融的。
为达到以上教学目标,我主要采取了情境教学、小组合作和直观演示相结合的教学方法。
本节课的重点是用6和7的加减法解决生活中的实际问题。
难点是让学生学会观察、分析,提出合适的数学问题。其中,正确理解大括号和问号的意义是关键所在。
对于教材重难点的确定,我是通过如下两个方面的分析得出的:
1、从教材知识点分析:6和7的加减法在生活中应用广泛,同时它又是进一步学习8和9以及10的加减法的最直接的基础。
2、 从学生心理特点和认知规律来分析:学生的思维能力和语言表达能力不是很强,通过观察图画,分析并叙述出已知条件和要求的问题,进而选择正确算法,还是一个比较抽象的过程。
针对重难点,我打算采取小组合作和直观演示相结合的方式加以突破。
一、 创设情境,激趣导入
针对一年级学生纯真幼稚、富于幻想的心理特征,我创设了如下情境:同学们,你知道现在是什么季节吗?对,是秋天,秋姑娘呀,正忙着给勤劳的人们送去丰收和喜悦呢!看,她给咱们每个小组也送来了一份礼物(电脑出示)你能根据算式猜想一下,这些礼物各属于哪个小组吗?要解决这个问题,需用到哪些知识呢?我设计这个环节,意在激发学生兴趣,借此复习6和7的加减法,为后面学习它的应用做好铺垫。在此基础上,我进一步引导学生:利用这些知识,还可以解决哪些问题呢?好,咱们还是随秋姑娘一起去大自然中转一转,看一看吧!(出示插图,导入新课)
二、放手学生,探究新知
在这一环节中,我充分利用小组合作和直观演示相结合的方式展开教学。
1、 让学生对着插图,进行观察和交流。
具体做法是:先引导学生由近及远或者由远及近有序地观察,借此培养他们初步地自主学习的意识,至于学生观察到什么,我不去做过多限制,不管是蓝天、白云、还是房子、小草,这些都是学生利用双眼来认知大自然的宝贵素材。
接着安排小组交流观察的内容,并尝试提出疑难问题,在互通知识中,也给每位学生提供了锻炼语言表达能力的机会。
然后,由小组代表在进行交流,并提出小组解决不了的疑难问题,做到知识共享。
而这观察、交流的过程,本身就是学生感悟体验的过程,学生从中感悟到自然美、家乡美,进而激发起热爱自然、热爱家乡的思想感情,这是教师用空洞的语言所不能替代的。
2、 教学大括号和问号的意义
作为组织者、合作者和引导者,我在与学生一起观察、感悟的过程中,有选择地解答一些疑难问题,并最终将重点巧妙地引到大括号和问号的意义教学上,比如说:图中还有哪些你以前从没见过的数学符号?你知道它代表什么意思吗?或者说:老师这儿有两个新朋友,你想认识一下吗?这些导语都是可行的。
接下来,我主要借助多媒体演示,先引导学生分别认知大括号和问号的意义,明确大括号表示把两部分合起来,问号表示要求的问题。在演示中,注意把大括号的尖朝向各个方向,以避免学生认为大括号的尖总是朝上的误区。自制教具演示也是可以的。再引导他们理解大括号和问号合在一起表示的意义,并能对着情境图叙述完整的图意,互相反复交流,直至明确要求的问题是什么。在引导学生叙述图意的过程中,其实已孕伏了应用题的结构,即两个已知条件和一个问题,这对于学生进一步学习应用题是非常有益的。
3、 针对提出问题,列出算式进行计算。
在学生理解了大括号和问号的意义之后,能够明确这幅图要求的问题是一共有多少个学生,也就是把男生和女生合起来,根据加法的意义,应该说不难解决。用左边的4人加上右边的2人,一共6人,或者用男生2人加上女生4人。但我决不就此满足,而要深挖教材,引导学生列出多种算式,如扎小辫的3人加上不扎小辫的3人;低头的1人加上不低头的5人等等,打破了原先只用左右两堆求和的思维定势。这样做,我认为有利用于学生多角度地看问题。况且,提倡算法多样化,这也是新课程标准的基本要求,当然算式的选择也得视题而定。
在此基础上,我引导学生观察第二幅图,并与第一幅图进行比较,让学生自己去发现不同之处,自己去表述图意,如有困难,可小组合作交流,教师没必要过多讲解。如此反复之后,明确要求的问题是还剩几个向日葵盘?是求一部分,根据减法的意义,应该列式为7—2=5。利用电脑的优势,我也可将问号移到另一边,引导学生列出不同的算式,7—5=2。这是两道容易混淆的减法算式,应加以辨析。而当问号移到算式中得数的位置时,这幅图则有上述两种列式。这两道应用题的教学,意在让学生从中感悟两点:
1、问号的位置决定着列式方法。
2、问号既然是要求的问题,那它必定是算式中的得数。
同时辅以清晰明了的板书设计,以更好地加深学生对所学知识的理解。至此为止,我认为本节内容的重难点已真正突破。
原苏联教育家苏霍姆林斯基说过:在人的心灵深处,都有一种根深蒂固的需要,这就是希望自己是一个发现者、研究者、探索者。在儿童的精神世界里,这种需要更加强烈。新教材蕴含着许多有待学生发现的奥秘,我认为只要教师充分地理解教材、利用教材,给学生提供足够的时间和空间,就可以满足他们这种强烈的需要。
4、 及时反馈,了解学生的掌握情况。
有了刚才的分析验证,对于做一做中的两道题目,我放手学生自己进行辨析,从中选择合适的计算方法。在全面搜集学生信息的基础上,我也要根据学生情况,及时调整自己的教学思路。
二、应用新知,培养能力
学习的目的是为了应用,课本51页插图《美丽的小湖》与前面的知识点是类似的,因此,我充分发挥小组合作的优势,让学生对着图画进行讲故事比赛,如《小鸭的一家》、《小青蛙比本领》、《小金鱼找朋友》等等,以加深学生对图意的理解,从而能够正确列式解答问题,并辅以可行的奖励机制,如评选故事大王、速算冠军以及优胜小组等,意在让学生从中感受到学数学用数学的乐趣,逐步培养自己善于发现问题和解决问题的能力。适当时机可对学生进行爱护动物、保护生态环境的教育。当然,这项活动也可视教学情况放到第二节课或者课外进行,毕竟,新理念下的课堂教学应该是生成的,而不是现成的。
四、及时总结,拓展延伸
通过总结,引导学生发现庭院里有数学、田野中有数学、小湖边也有数学,感受到生活中处处有数学,在此基础上,鼓励学生在日常生活中,注意观察周围还有哪些地方也有数学,比一比,看一看,谁是爱数学的小博士。这样,就将学生的知识从课堂引向课外,从而体现了课堂小天地,天地大课堂的新的教学理念。
总之,我在教学中,不光利用多媒体,还要利用多种媒体,使知识由浅入深,由易到难,注重知识的同时,更注重培养学生的能力,我相信,这金色的秋天会让孩子们拥有一份沉甸甸的收获!
好,我的说课完毕,不当之处,请各位领导和老师给予批评指正,谢谢大家!
一年级数学说课稿篇十七
人教版《义务教育课程标准教科书》一年级下册《认识时间》第81页例1及“做一做”第1题、练习十五第1、2题。
《认识时间》这一单元内容是在一年级上册认识时间的基础上,进一步认识时间,同时为以后学习时、分、秒的认识以及相关计算打下基础。
本单元主要教学认识几时几分。教材分两个层次编排:第一层次也就是例1,是用5分5分数的方法读取时间,并通过实际的操作,知道1时=60分。第二层次例2,是在5分5分数的基础上,再用1分1分数的方法读取时间。与一年级上册的内容联系
起来看,教材对时间的认识是按照从特殊到一般、从简单到复杂的顺序编排的,这样编排既符合儿童的认知规律,也符合平时人们看表读时间的经验与习惯。我选择的是第一个层次的教学,即例1。
通过以前的学习,学生已经掌握了钟表及时间的一些知识,如:知道钟面上有时针、分针;有12个数字;有12个大格,每个大格里有5个小格等,已经掌握了认读整时和半时的方法,能用文字表示法和数字表示法表示。1、使学生能正确读、写几时几分,知道1时=60分,初步建立时间观念。
2、培养学生认真观察、勤于思考问题的好习惯。
3、教育学生要珍惜时间,养成良好的学习、生活习惯,进一步提高抓紧时间、勤奋学习的自觉性和积极性。
能正确读、写几时几分,知道1时=60分。
1、生活——数学——生活的大教学观。
2、建构主义理论——“做数学”
3、我校开展的“大班教学小班化”自主发展行动研究
1、针对一年级学生年龄小,好动,爱玩的心理特点,为了激发他们的兴趣,我采用了愉快教学法,把故事、游戏贯穿于各教学环节中,例:在练习认读几时几分时我设计了击鼓传花的游戏,同时还采用了发现教学法让孩子们利用手中的钟表学具拨一拨通过合作交流学会看时间。为了更好突出学生的主体地位,在整个教学过程中,通过让学生数一数、说一说、写一写、拨一拨、画一画、玩一玩、想一想等多种形式,让学生积极动眼、动脑、动口,引导学生通过自己的学习体验来学习新知,积极开展本节课的教学活动。
3、充分发挥课件的辅助教学功能,增强教学过程的趣味性、直观性和形象性。赋予抽象的时间概念以鲜活的感性支撑,学生通过认真观察、合作探究对知识进行迁移、重组,达到认识、理解知识发生、发展过程的目的。
多媒体课件(下载于
中国课件
网),实物钟,钟表学具。
根据新课标理念和我校开展的“大班教学小班化”自主发展行动研究课题,我实施了分层教学,开展了了“四步走”教学活动,具体活动过程如下:一、猜谜导入,激发兴趣
首先由猜谜导入,调动学生的求知欲,激发学生学习的积极性。通过多媒体的演示,创设学生喜爱的情景,让学生感到,时间与我们息息相关,在生活中处处有数学。
二、以旧引新,掀起欲望
1、复习旧知:认识8:00和6:30。
2、引发冲突:课件演示分针由6转动到9,接着抛出问题:“你还认识这个时间吗?”引起认知冲突,激发了学生的学习兴趣和探究新知的欲望,变“要我学”为“我要学”。调动了学生的主观能动性,实现了学习自主化。
三、合作交流,探究新知
第1层:认识钟面,利用课件认钟表里面的第1、2个分支,了解钟面是由时针、分针、12个数、12个大格的构成的。
第2层:认识几分,感受一分钟的长短
认识一个大格里有5个小格是一个教学重点,我采用课件辅助教学,利用认钟表里面的第2、3个分支,把抽象的知识直观化。我先将钟面放大,让学生能更清楚的看到分针走一个小格就是1分,从12走到1走了5个小格就是5分,接着再5个5个的数,得出一共有60个小格。
为了使学生对分有一个更深刻的认识,我让孩子们在书上自己填一填,从用眼观察到动手书写,再从写到说一说每一个数字对应的是几分?使学生的能力得到一次又一次的提高,知识得到一次又一次的巩固。
接着是感受一分钟的长短,懂得一分钟的时间虽然短,但还是能做许多的事情。对学生进行珍惜时间的教育。
第3层:利用分支4解决时针走过几个大格就是几小时的问题。
第4层:认识时、分的关系,理解1时=60分。
四、巩固应用,拓展提高
1、读、写时间
这一阶段教学分三步走:第一步:引。带领学生探究9时5分的写法。第二步:扶。在教师的帮助下认识10时5分和6时25分,会用两种方法表示。第三步是放,大胆放手让学生独立完成1:20,6:50,10:45和5:25的认识。
2、同桌合作,拨时间,说时间。
3、完成课本p82“做一做”的第1题。《新课标》要求学生学习生活中的数学,在这一环节中,通过说“小明的一天”使学生感到数学知识就在身边。采用击鼓传花的方法选择学生交流。最大限度的调动了学生学习的积极性,把课堂气氛推向了高潮。
4、画一画
从看着钟面说时间到根据时间画针,提高了难度,这是对学生学习效果的检查。
5、玩一玩
加强对时间的认识和判断。
6、想一想
这是对本节课的学习重点的回顾和对时间知识的延伸,同时也对学生进行珍惜时间的
思想教育。
总之,整节课,我尽量把学习的时间和空间留给学生,创设轻松愉快的学习氛围,组织他们动手操作、合作交流,鼓励他们去猜想、验证、归纳、概括,使学生真正成为学习的主人,成为出色的发现者、勇敢的探索者和快乐的创造者。认识时间
1时=60分
7时5分7:05
一年级数学说课稿篇十八
����
�����ë½ì°æ¡¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½é¡·ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²á¡¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ê±ï¿½ä¡·ï¿½ï¿½81ò³ï¿½ï¿½1������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1�⡢��ï°ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��2�⡣
����
��������ê¶ê±ï¿½ä¡·ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ê±ï¿½ä£¬í¬ê±îªï¿½ôºï¿½ñ§ï°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ôªï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1������5��5�����ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½êµä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½1ê±=60�ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2������5��5�����ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��1�����ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ê±ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ
���������ì²ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½õ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµ½ò»ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½ó¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��
��������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºöªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£»ï¿½ï¿½12�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12�����ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½í°ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1��ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½1ê±ï¿½ï¿½60�ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡£
����2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
����3������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï§ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ú·ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ôºí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����
��������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½1ê±=60�ö¡ï¿½
����
����1���������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½û¡ï¿½
����2�������������û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ð£ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð¡ï¿½à»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½
����
����1�����ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬îªï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½á´©ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë»ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á¿´ê±ï¿½ä¡£îªï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½æ¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ö·ï¿½ï¿½ó¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½è¤î¶ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö§ï¿½å£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¨ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
������ã½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�ð¹ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½
������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
�������������â¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð¡ï¿½à»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½êµê©ï¿½ë·ö²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤
���������é²ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
���������ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1����ï°ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶8��00��6��30��
����2��������í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6ת����9�������׳����⣺���㻹��ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡°òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������������ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öª
������1�㣺��ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½1��2����ö§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢12������12�����ä¹ï¿½ï¿½éµä¡ï¿½
������2�㣺��ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¶ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½2��3����ö§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ö±ï¿½û»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1�ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12�ߵ�1����5��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5�ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��5���������ã³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½60��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½
����îªï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¹û²ìµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ãµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
���������ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµä³ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï§ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3�㣺���ã·ï¿½ö§4���ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ð¡ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
������4�㣺��ê¶ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1ê±=60�ö¡ï¿½
�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1������ð´ê±ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½×¶î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½9ê±5�öµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶10ê±5�öºï¿½6ê±25�ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·å£ï¿½ï¿½óµ¨·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��20��6��50��10��45��5��25����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����2��í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ëµê±ï¿½ä¡£
����3����é¿î±ï¿½p82����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½1�⡣���â¿î±ê¡·òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ì¡±ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¶èµäµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ß³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½
�����ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµê±ï¿½äµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä»ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½é¡£
����5����ò»ï¿½ï¿½
������ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¡ï¿½
����6����ò»ï¿½ï¿½
�������ç¶ô±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½øµï¿½ä»ø¹ëºí¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï§ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¿õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½â¸òµï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºí¿ï¿½ï¿½öµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¶ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����1ê±=60��
����7ê±5��7��05