最新小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖精选(八篇)
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇一
大家好!我是来自连山区世纪小学的李娜。我说课的内容选自北师大版小学数学一年级下册第三单元,题目是:“小兔请客”。
在新的教学理念下,对于本课的教学,我将从以下三方面谈谈我的设想。我将本次说课分为“设计理念、设计思路、教学程序”三部分。
数学课程标准明确指出:学生是学习的主人,教师应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会;学生的数学学习活动应当是一个生动活泼的、主动的和富有个性的过程。
在新的教学理念下,对于本课的教学,我将从以下三方面谈谈我的设想。
1、创造利于学生成长的课程环境,让学生在现实情境中体验和理解数学,经历数学化的过程,让学习数学、探索知识成为学生的需要。
2、提供小组合作交流的机会,让学生不断适应新的学习方式,学会与他人合作学习。
3、鼓励算法多样化,使学生在课堂上得到应有的尊重。
因此,在现实情境中,有意识地采用“操作实践、自主探索、合作交流、积极思考”等活动方式,让学生从中感受、理解知识的产生和发展的过程,尝到发现数学的滋味。
“小兔请客”的教学内容是100以内的整十数加减法,是本册教材计算教学的起始,也是进一步学习100以内加减法的基础,它是在学生认识了100以内的数和熟练口算20以内的加减法的基础上进行教学的。教材通过“小兔请客”的童话故事,创设加减法的具体情境,从中引出问题:①一共有多少个果子?②草地上还剩下多少个果子?然后让学生用小棒代替果子摆一摆,帮助学生建立加减法的表象,最后鼓励学生列出抽象的算式,再让学生尝试解答。通过交流,体会算法的多样化,同时结合算式引导学生认识加减法算式的各部分名称。
本单元内容与学生的生活密切相关,根据《标准》的理念,在教学中,把计算教学与解决简单的实际问题结合起来,培养学生解决实际问题的意识和能力。
小学一年级的学生,抽象思维能力差,有意注意时间短,他们只对数学学习的过程和外部活动感兴趣,他们更乐于在动口、动手、动脑等多种形式的活动中学习。那么,生动有趣的学习情境,形象具体的直观演示,丰富多彩的游戏容易吸引他们的注意,激起他们参与学习活动的热情。
基于以上的认识,我确定了本节课的教学目标为:
(1).在实际情境中,进一步体会加减法的意义,探索并掌握整十数加减法的计算方法,体会计算方法的多样性,并能正确计算。
(2).通过动手操作、合作交流,初步经历在具体情境中提出问题和解决问题的过程,发展解决实际问题的意识和能力。
(3).在生动活泼的情境中,激发学生学习的兴趣和主动探索的意识。
根据新课标、教材、以及学生的认识规律,我确定的教学重点难点:理解加减法的意义。熟练地口算100以内整十数加减整十数。
依据这节课的教材知识结构,为优化教学过程,实现“尊重学生、注重发展”的课堂教学要求,这节课的程序安排如下:
***
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇二
今天我说课的内容是九年义务教育六年制小学数学一年级上册第三单元“1~5的认识和加减法”单元中的“加法”教学内容。下面我将从说教材、说教法、说学法、说教学过程等四方面加以说明。
1、 教材分析
《加法》一课是学生在数学学习中首次接触计算的问题,这节课的知识基础是5以内数的分解与组成。通过本节课的学习,学生要能初步理解加法的含义,并能正确计算5以内的加法,在这个过程中,感受数学与生活的联系,增强学习数学的兴趣和初步的数学意识。
2、 学情分析
本课虽是学生在数学学习中首次接触计算问题,但是学生们大都具有一定的计算能力。学生缺少的是对于加法含义的理解,说不清为什么用加法计算。面对学生已经具有一定的学习基础,课程的设计就更应该充满趣味、问题设计有梯度,才能够吸引学生的注意力,完成教学任务,使学生的认知提高一个水平。
3、 教学目标
(1)知识与技能目标
① 通过操作演示,是学生初步了解加法的含义,认识“+”这个符号,能正确读出加法算式。
② 能通过操作计算5以内的加法,是学生初步体会生活中有许多问题要用加法来解决。初步认识加法的意义,会正确计算5以内的加法。
(2)过程与方法目标
通过学生操作,表达使学生经历加法的计算过程。
(3)情感态度与价值观目标
培养学生初步的数学交流意识,积极主动地参与数学活动,获得成功体验,增强自信心。
4、教学重点:
掌握对自己合适、喜欢的计算方法。
5、教学难点:
能从不同计算方法中选择自己合适的方法。
《数学课程标准》明确指出,教师应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流中真正理解和掌握基本的数学和知识与技能、数学思想和方法,获得广泛的数学活动经验。本节课我主要采用情境演示法、小组研讨法,同时借助多媒体等教学手段,增大教学容量,提高教学质量。
古人说:“授人以鱼,只供一餐所需;而给人以渔,终身受用不尽。”素质教育也要求学生不仅“学会”,更要“会学”。这节课我将从学生的兴趣出发,坚持以学生为本,引导学生自主探索,充分挖掘他们的创新思维。
1、复习铺垫
让学生将事先准备好的正方形卡片以及圆形卡片摆在桌面上后,分成两堆。引导学生复习1~5以内数的组成,激发了学生的学习兴趣和强烈的探究欲望,为下面的加法算式中得数的得出起到铺垫作用,从而完成新课的导入。
2、探究新知
这个环节分三个步骤进行。
(1)引导学生观察,初步感知加法的含义。首先通过电脑反复演示气球放在一起的过程,让
他们说一说自己的直观感受和体验,或者由老师一边做手势一边引导说,把气球放在一起就是“合起来”的意思。然后通过点子图加深学生对加法含义的理解:把3个点子和1个点子合并在一起,求一共有多少个点子,用加法计算。点子图既突出了合并,又能使学生感受到部分与整体的关系而且,还能体现出由直观情境向半抽象水平的过渡。
(2)学习加法算式。首先引导学生说出:由气球的数量抽象出要用数字3和1表示。然后教师说明:在数学上,要求一共有几个气球,就是要把数字3和1合起来,用符号“+”表示。教师再次强调说明:把3和1合起来,要用加法计算。最后教读加法算式。
(3)动手操作。让学生亲身体验到就是把两只手的圆片合并在一起。这一步通过自己操作,培养学生动手能力。
3、巩固发展,在练习中提高
(1)发散联想,进一步理解加法的含义
①课本第24页“做一做”。②教师启发、引导,让学生说说生活中能用加法算式表示的事例。这样做是为了培养学生的阅读、观察能力以及语言表达能力。
(2)游戏(红花配绿叶)。多种形式的习题设计充分调动了学生参与合作的积极性,引发学生思维的积极性。
(3)课本第25页松鼠玩耍图,通过动画演示引出算式3+2=□。
(4)课本第25页做一做。
① 通过读懂图意,进一步理解加法的含义。
② 巩固5以内加法的计算方法,学生可以根据图点数,在一个数的基础上接着数,也可以用数的组成的知识解决。
③ 通过对比4+1=5、1+4=5和1+3=4、3+1=4这两对算式式,使学生通过直观初步感知“交换两个加数的位置,和不变”,为后面的教学做了铺垫。
4、总结延伸
通过这节课的学习你学到了什么?印象最深的是什么?这里提问的方式引导学生归纳所学知识内容、学习方法,能强化知识的理解和记忆,促进学生掌握学法。
5、布置作业
适量的作业可及时反馈学生的学习情况,培养学生良好的学习习惯和品质。
6、板书设计
这样的板书既体现了新知的形成过程,又突出了教学重点,简洁明了。
7、教学反思
本节课我从学生的兴趣出发,坚持以学生的发展为本,采取情境化教学方式,引导学生自主探究,充分挖掘了学生的创新思维。
(1)了解信任学生,提供展示自我的空间。
(2)指导小组学习,培养交流意识。
(3)发挥课件的动态立体优势,给学生学习的空间。
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇三
义务教育课程标准实验教科书数学(人教版)一年级下册第2单元《20以内退位减法》的第一课时。
1.掌握计算十几减9的基本思维方法,并能用自己喜欢的方法正确计算。
2.培养独立思考的能力以及与别人合作学习的能力。
3.培养学习数学的兴趣以及观察能力、操作能力、对比归纳能力等。
本节课是在学生学习了20以内的进位加法和10以内减法的基础上进行的,而且十几减9是20以内退位减法的第一课时,因此在这节课中,目标之一是让学生探索和掌握十几减9的基本思维方法。学生掌握了十几减9的基本思维方法,为后面学习十几减8、减7等其他20以内的退位减法打下了良好的基础。同时也能发展学生的个性思维,培养学生独立解决问题的能力。目标之三是使学生在学习过程中学会交流、合作和发展,获取信息的能力,以上3个目标的制定都是为了更好地促进学生的全面发展。
一、创设情景,学生提出问题。
师:同学们,你们喜欢去公园玩吗?星期天,许多小朋友也来到公园,(课件显示情景)你们看他们在干什么?
学生可能回答:有的买气球,有的买风车。
1.观察情景(一)。
师:根据买气球的情景,你能提什么问题?(学生回答。)这个小朋友也是这样想的。(课件显示:还剩几个?)根据买风车的情景你还能提出什么问题?(学生回答后,课件显示:还有几个风车?)
师:求这两个问题,怎样列算式?
学生回答,教师板书:15-9
16-9
【充分利用教材提供的丰富情景资源进行再加工,让学生观察图中自己喜闻乐见的卖气球、卖风车、猜谜、玩套圈的情景,学生比较感兴趣,从而发现问题,提出问题:还剩几个气球?还有几个风车?还有几个字谜没猜中?等等,自然而然地引出本节课要学习的内容。这样既尊重学生的实际生活经验,让学生从自己比较熟悉的情景入手,提出数学问题,又能更好地激发学生解决自己发现问题的欲望。】
2.观察情景(二)。
师:在公园的这一角,同学们提出了两个问题,并列出了算式。下面我们再到公园的另一角看看,那里的小朋友在干什么呢?
学生通过观察,可能回答:有的在猜字谜,有的在玩套圈。
师:根据猜字谜的游戏,可以提什么问题?套圈游戏中,你能提出什么问题?
学生回答后(课件显示:还有几个没猜中?还有几个没套中?)
师:求这两个问题分别怎样列式?
分页标题#e#
学生回答后,教师板书:13-9
14-9
【在两个不同的情景中培养了学生从身边生活中发现并提出简单数学问题的能力,并感受到数学与日常生活有着密切的联系。】
3.揭示课题。
师:刚才同学们提出的问题都是从一个数里面去掉一个数,都用减法计算,而且都要用减几的方法?(减9的方法。)
这节课我们主要来研究一下十几减9的方法好不好?(板书课题:十几减9)
二、小组合作探究、解决问题。
1.探究学习“15-9”的计算方法。
下面我们就重点研究第一个问题。
(1)学生自主探究。
师:怎样计算15-9?下面请你独立思考,想办法进行计算,也可以用学具摆一摆,看谁算得又对又快?(教师巡视。)
(2)小组讨论交流计算方法。
师:看来同学们都有自己的计算方法,请你先在小组内交流一下,然后每一个小组派一名代表介绍你们组的好方法。(教师巡视。)
(3)全班汇报交流。
学生汇报时,教师有选择地板书,学生的计算方法如:
①因为9+6=15,所以15-9=6(想加法算减法)。
②10-9=1,5+1=6(破十法)。
③5-5=0,10-4=6,0+6=6(连减)。
④15-10+1=6
……
【本节课以15-9为突破口,在重点研究十几减9的基本思路时,先让学生独立思考,借助手中的学具,摆一摆、想一想,然后在小组内讨论交流所用的方法。这样,学生既有独立思考的机会,又有和同伴交流合作学习的机会,最后在全班交流汇报。在汇报交流中鼓励学生发表自己的想法。此时,计算15-9的基本思维方法得以充分展现,有的学生用“破十法”,有的学生用“连减法”,有的学生“想加法算减法”,还有的学生用“15-10+1”。方法的多样化为学生提供了独立思考的空间,尊重了学生的个性,使不同层次学生的思维能力得到了发展。】
2.学生小组讨论喜欢的方法。
师:计算15-9时,同学们想出了这么多方法,你们最喜欢哪种方法呢?先在小组内交流一下,你们认为哪种方法最好?
(1)学生小组讨论。
(2)学生汇报喜欢的方法。
教师提问:为什么喜欢这种方法?
【针对出现的多种计算方法,教师又为学生提供了一次对比交流的机会,使学生在相互交流中不断比较、分析,从而优化自己的计算方法。然后再在全班交流自己喜欢的方法。这样,好的计算方法更为明朗化,更为突出。在此过程中,学生不仅学会了计算方法,更重要的是培养了搜集、获取有价值信息的能力,学会了解决问题的办法。】分页标题#e#
(3)教师小结。
师:(结合板书的方法)通过同学们的交流,老师知道了,有的同学喜欢用以前学过的加法算减法,有的同学喜欢用10-9=1,1+5=6,有的同学喜欢用15-10=5,5+1=6,有的同学喜欢用15-5=10,10-4=6。这些方法都正确。你能用自己喜欢的方法解决这几个问题吗?
3.迁移练习。
(1)小组先交流解决16-9、12-9、14-9,有困难的学生可以借助学具摆一摆。
(2)让个别学生回答,教师板书得数,并让学生说说自己的想法。
(3)学生还知道哪些十几减9的算式?学生回答后,教师板书算式,并让学生说说自己的想法。
然后同桌互相说说这四道题,自己是怎样想的?通过刚才的计算,现在自己最喜欢哪种方法?
学生个别回答。
师:看来对于十几减9的题,同学们都有自己喜欢的方法了。
【在学生获得了自己喜欢的计算方法后,让学生解决其他的十几减9的问题,既能使学生把15-9的计算方法迁移到其他问题中,使计算方法得以灵活运用和巩固,又能使学生体会到成功的乐趣,注重了学生价值观的培养。】
三、巩固练习。
1.圈水果。
师:下面我们就用自己喜欢的方法做个圈水果的游戏好不好?(课件显示水果。)
请拿出自己的练习题纸,想一想,圈一圈,算一算。把得数填在方框里,看谁算得最正确?
学生做完后,教师把学生做的题放在投影仪上反馈纠正。
2.跳木桩比赛。
师:动物学校正在进行跳桩比赛,看看现在该谁上场了?(课件显示小兔。)你能帮小兔跳过木桩吗?
练习:11-9,12-9,13-9,14-9,15-9,16-9,17-9,18-9。
学生计算,帮小兔顺利跳过了木桩。
3.小蚂蚁回家(混合练习)。
师:工作了一天的小蚂蚁要回家了,你知道它们的家在哪里吗?
学生回答后,教师点击课件。
师:同学们用学过的知识准确地帮小蚂蚁找到了家,小蚂蚁也很感激同学们,夸奖你们是助人为乐的好学生。
【(1)圈水果的游戏。借助直观的水果图,再一次激发学生的学习兴趣,并建立计算十几减9的表象。
(2)跳木桩比赛。不仅能让学生直接看到算式,抽象出思维方法,掌握扎实的计算技能,同时也培养了学生乐于助人的品质。这样由第1题的具体到第2题的抽象,进一步培养了学生的思维能力。
(3)帮蚂蚁回家。是加减混合练习,它培养了学生综合运用知识的能力。
总之,整个练习生动、有趣,层次分明。这样设计既符合儿童的特点,又为学生的思维提供足够的素材、足够的空间,使每个学生观察的能力、思考的能力、解决问题的能力都得到了提高,充分激发学生思维的主动性和积极性,取得了一般教学所达不到的效果。】分页标题#e#
师:通过这一节课的学习,你们学会了什么?
课后总结
1.备课时,无论对教材的处理,还是教学环节的设计,都要注重学生的已有知识基础和认知水平,尊重学生的个性思维特点,时时以学生的发展为本,不要只为新鲜而做表面文章。
2.学生合作学习的方式不要走过场,流于形式,要最大限度地引导学生参与计算方法的形成过程,这样有利于培养和提高学生获取知识的能力。
3.在学生汇报探索研究的结果时,教师扮演的角色应是参与者、引导者,而不是裁判。教师要把每一次反馈评价的权利都交给学生,如:“你们听明白他的意思吗?谁来重复一遍?”“就用他的方法试一试。”“你最喜欢哪种方法?”等等,看似简简单单的几句话,教学民主却随处可见。
4.本节课的目标是建立基本的思维方法,在计算速度上不要对学生要求过高,那应是下一节巩固练习所要达到的目标。
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇四
����������ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½1��5����ê¶ï¿½í¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� �ì²ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´î½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5�������ä·ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ü³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���úµä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½í³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´î½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ó¶¼¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ùµï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ã¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¾í¸ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ��ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������1��öªê¶ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������ í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½+��������å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
������ ��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���úµä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ã¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5���úµä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2�������뷽��ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
������3�����ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����4����ñ§ï¿½øµã£º
�������õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5����ñ§ï¿½ñµã£º
�����ü´ó²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
��������ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë¼ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ã·ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ö¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
��������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ö»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1����ï°ï¿½ìµï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïºó£¬·ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°1~5����������é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½òµï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿îµäµï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
����2��ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öª
����������ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½
������1������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ëµò»ëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½û¸ï¿½ï¿½üºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºï¿½ï¿½3�����óºï¿½1�����óºï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®æ½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
������2��ñ§ï°ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��1��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£¬¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��1���������ã·ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½+����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ù´ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��1��������òªï¿½ã¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
������3�����ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½öµï¿½ô²æ¬ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�����ì·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������1����é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ù¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½24ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2����ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
������3���î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½25ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£í¼ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½3+2=����
������4���î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½25ò³ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å¡£
������ ����5���ú¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½4+1=5��1+4=5��1+3=4��3+1=4��������ê½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½û³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ¡£
����4���ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ù½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5��������òµ
������������òµï¿½é¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ñ§ï°ï°ï¿½ßºï¿½æ·ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
����6���������
���������ä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
����7����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼
�������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½õ¹îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½
������1���ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¿õ¼ä¡£
������2��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
������3�����ó¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä¡£
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇五
《找规律》是选自人教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书?数学》一年级下册“找规律”的第一课时
《找规律》是在学生认识了20以内数及20以内数加减法的基础上学习的,是学生第一次系统学习找规律的问题,设计的目的是让学生通过观察生活中的现象,尝试发现事物中隐含的简单规律,初步感知找规律的方法。同时,教材内容是学生经常看到的一些现象,有利于吸引学生参与探索活动,形成初步的探索意识,增强对数学的认识,提高学数学的乐趣。
教学内容是发现生活中熟悉的事物中隐含的规律,其中有颜色、形状、大小的变化规律及图形的排列规律。
1)、知识与技能目标:让学生在生动、活泼的情境中找出简单图形的变化规律。
2)、过程与方法目标:通过观察和操作找出图形的排列规律,并能根据找出的规律往下摆、往后涂,加深对图形排列规律的认识。
3)、情感态度与价值观目标:能运用简单的规律解释现实中的现象,感受数学与日常生活的密切联系,在与他人的合作交流中感受学数学、用数学的乐趣。
1)、教学重点:引导学生学会观察并能够找出所列举事物的规律。能够观察出事物的规律是《找规律》这个知识点最基本的基本。
2)、教学难点:发现图形的排列规律,体会数学的思维方法。
学生在生活中已经接触到一些规律性的现象,只是没有上升到理论的高度。在课堂中,只要老师稍加规范和引导,就可以使学生的思路变得清晰。
一年级的小孩子很活泼,思维很灵活,这就需要串联一个情景,引起他们的兴趣。找规律这个知识点相对来说很简单,关键就看老师怎么规范学生已有的凌乱的知识,怎么引导学生跳一跳再够到新的桃子。另外,一年级的小孩子能够集中精力的时间很短,这就对我提出了挑战。我怎样设计情景才能更好的引起学生的兴趣,我怎样抓住学生集中精力的这段时间把我要突出的重点讲出。
在设计这节课的.时候,我按照从易到难的层次逐步提高。从简单的颜色规律到形状规律,再过渡到数字规律,之后,联系生活、发现规律,最后能够摆出规律、运用规律。由易到难,一步一个脚印,层层递进。
在日常生活中,很多有规律的事物总能给人一种美的享受,如节日里各种美丽的彩灯和彩旗都是有规律的排列,很多物品上装饰的图案也是有规律的排列,这些都为从数学的角度去探索事物的规律提供了很多素材。所以在教学时,特别要注意让学生联系生活实际,另外,还注意让学生通过操作、观察、实验、猜测等活动去发现规律。
“数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水平和已有的知识经验基础之上。教学应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的数学知识与技能、数学思想和方法,获得广泛的数学活动经验。学生是数学学习的主人,教师是数学学习的组织者、引导者与合作者。”这是全日制义务教育《数学课程标准》(实验稿)对数学教学活动提出的基本理念之一。基于以上理念,我采用了情景导学法,并构建了这样的教学模式:
1.创设情景导入,激发学生兴趣
2.引导探索,进一步认识规律
3.联系生活,发现规律
4.动手操作,摆出规律,巩固发展
5.教学总结
本节课要让学生发现生活中熟悉的事物中隐含的规律,其中有颜色、形状、大小的变化规律,有数字、算式及图形的排列规律。学生在学的时候主要采用以下几种方法
1、观察比较法;2、讨论交流法;3、练习法;4、动手操作法。
板书设计:
找规律:一组组重复三次以上称为有规律
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇六
��î»ï¿½ï¿½î¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½
������òºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ô±ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������âµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½î·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
����
������ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½è·ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºí¸ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
�������âµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£
����1����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½
����2���ṩð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½âµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������㷨��������ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµãµï¿½ó¦ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½
������ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ø²ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½
����
����
������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°100���ú¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½100���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½20���úµä¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ú²ýµï¿½ï¿½ï»ï¿½ê£ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
��������ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ð¡ñ§ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½â²¿ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµè¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½×¢ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����
�����������ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½
������1������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
������2����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3�������������ãµï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����
���������â¿î±ê¡¢ï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½100������ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����������ú¿îµä½ì²ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½êµï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ø·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½
����***
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇七
����
����
�������ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°æ¡¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼êµï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²á¡°ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±
����
�������ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½20��������20�������ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ïµí³ñ§ï°ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬³ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼òµ¥¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½éµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
����
����1)��öªê¶ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
����2)�������뷽��ä¿ï¿½ê£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â°ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����3)�����ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼òµ¥µä¹ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµäºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1)����ñ§ï¿½øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½û²ì²¢ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2)����ñ§ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä¸ß¶è¡ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ô¼ó¹æ·¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óºü»ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ü¼òµ¥£ï¿½ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½æ·¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã½²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ú¿îµï¿½.ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½õ´ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñµä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ó¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ù¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�������õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²êµæºí²ï¿½ï¿½ì¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½îµï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä½ç¶ï¿½è¥ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ëºü¶ï¿½ï¿½ø²ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½,����,��ע����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢êµï¿½é¡¢ï¿½â²ï¿½è»î¶¯è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½õ¹ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë¼ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ã·ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½(êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ä£ê½ï¿½ï¿½
����1.�����龰���룬����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤
����2.����ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3.��ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4.���ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì·ï¿½õ¹
����5.��ñ§ï¿½ü½ï¿½
����
�������ú¿ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1���û²ï¿½è½ï·ï¿½;2�����û½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;3����ï°ï¿½ï¿½;4�����ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������æ£ï¿½
�����ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½îªï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
小学一年级数学说课稿一等奖篇八
����
������������î³ì±ï¿½×¼êµï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°æ£©ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½2��ôªï¿½ï¿½20������î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�����õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡£
����2����������ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±è¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½
�������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½20���úµä½ï¿½î»ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9��20������î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ö®ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8����7������20���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ü·ï¿½õ¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµø´ù½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½æ·¢õ¹ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½
����1���û²ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ð¡££ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ã»¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ó£¬¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ð£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£º15��9
����16��9
������������ã½ì²ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ä·á¸»ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¼ó¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£¿»ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½èµè£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½òªñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¾ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ãµø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2���û²ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç£ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ùµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø£ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¿ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¿
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ó£¨¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½#e#
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£º13��9
����14��9
��������������í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶¼ï¿½ç´ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½òªï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9��
��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����1��ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½15��9���ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ç¾ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
������1��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��9�������������ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß°ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë����ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ì£¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ñ²ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºã·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ñ²ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3��è«ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ø°ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£º
��������îª9��6��15������15��9=6����ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������10��9��1��5��1��6����ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������5��5��0��10��4��6��0��6��6����������
������15��10��1��6
��������
���������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��9îªí»ï¿½æ¿ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£¬è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½í¬ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½à½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��9�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½15��10��1���������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��9ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½à·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½
������1��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½
������2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½îªê²ã´ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ô³ï¿½ï¿½öµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î¶ô±è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï±è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½à½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ð¼ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½#e#
������3����ê¦ð¡ï¿½á¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½çµä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½í¬ñ§ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ó·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½í¬ñ§ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10��9��1��1��5��6���ðµï¿½í¬ñ§ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��10��5��5��1��6���ðµï¿½í¬ñ§ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��5��10��10��4��6����ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3��ç¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
������1��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½16��9��12��9��14��9�������ñµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß°ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¡ï¿½
������2���ã¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ð£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·¨ï¿½ï¿½
������3��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9����ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·¨ï¿½ï¿½
����è»ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²åµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9���⣬í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�����⣬����ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½15��9�ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ç¨ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºí¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������������ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����1��è¦ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ã³ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£¬è¦ò»è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã¡£ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ë�������è·ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2����ä¾×®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ë�ï³ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ð¡ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾×®ï¿½ï¿½
������ï°ï¿½ï¿½11��9��12��9��13��9��14��9��15��9��16��9��17��9��18��9��
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾×®ï¿½ï¿½
����3��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»ø¼ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶×¼è·ï¿½ø°ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ë¼ò£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ü¸ð¼ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ä½±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½öµäºï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������1��è¦ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ûµï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½9�ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2����ä¾×®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ã¼¼ï¿½ü£ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½æ·ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½1��ä¾ï¿½ï¿½åµ½ï¿½ï¿½2��ä³ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3�������ï»ø¼ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ã¹»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¹»ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä£¬ê¹ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½#e#
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
�����îºï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½
����1������ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¶ô½ì²äµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½øµã£¬ê±ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½õ¹îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªö»îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½
����2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ß¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¶èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä½ï¿½é«ó¦ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦òªï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½è¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ë���ø¸ï¿½ò»ï¿½é£¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµè£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½æ´¦ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4�����ú¿îµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ú¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê¡£