2023年说课稿数学10篇(模板)
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。相信许多人会觉得范文很难写?下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
说课稿数学篇一
各位领导老师同学们,你们好。我今天说课的内容是人教版九年级下册第三单元的散文《谈生命》,本文位居单元之首,是教读课文中的重要篇目,也是一则极好的朗读材料。《谈生命》是世纪老人冰心的一篇运用比喻、象征,带有哲理意蕴的生命体验散文。她将生命比作了“一江春水”和“一棵小树”。我把本文设计为两个课时,但由于时间关系,我只讲解第一课时的一个部分,这一部分作者把生命比作一江春水,描写了春水的生命历程,揭示了生命中苦痛与幸福相生相伴的共同法则,表达了生命不止,奋斗不息的意志和豁达乐观的精神。
九年级学生已经具备了一定的阅读理解和分析能力,但对人生和生命的感悟还不太深刻,通过学习本部分,学生不仅可以掌握散文的有关知识,还可以通过联想、想象,感受鲜活的生命形象,进行哲理性思考,树立正确的人生观。因此,我根据新课程的三个维度设计以下教学目标:
1、反复朗读,揣摩文意,领悟文中精美深刻的语言。
2、培养学生的朗读能力,提高分析概括文字的能力。
3、引发学生对生命的思考,感受并吸取积极的人生观。
《语文课程标准》提到:培养学生高尚的道德情操和健康的审美情趣,形成正确的生命观和积极的人生态度是语文教学的重要内容。因此,我把培养学生正确的生命观作为本堂课的重点。由于文中“一江春水”的比喻具有很强的隐喻性,哲理深邃的语句也很丰富。所以,我把品味精美的语言作为教学难点。
遵循“师生互动,自主合作,探究感悟”的原则及九年级学生身体和心理特点,我采用的教法是:
1、品读感悟法:于永正先生曾说过“知识要靠自己在读中获得,情感要靠自己在读中体验,理念要靠自己在读中感悟,方法要靠自己在读中掌握。”作为一片文质兼美的散文,同学们一定喜欢,但其中不少含义深刻的语句需要用心朗读才能体会。我采用不同的朗读方式让学生感知课文内容及欣赏文中明朗鲜活的文字。
2、阅读评点发:对文中精彩的语句,组织学生鉴赏评述,并能从作者对人生的感悟中说出自己的情感体验。
3、示范教学法:教学中诵读课文,评价语言,表达感悟等环节,适当给以示范。
学法:新课标强调语文教学要以人为本,尊重学生的个性差异。因此,为了突出教学重点,突破教学难点,学法指导,我采用自主赏析,自主感悟和合作讨论的方法。
1、创设情境,激情导入:
师:有人说生如夏花之灿烂,死如秋叶之精美;有人说生命如同寓言,其价值不在长短,而在内容;还有人说,假如生命是花,花开时是美好的,花落时也是美好的,我要把生命的花瓣,一瓣一瓣的撒在人生的旅途上……那么,同学们如果让你们来描述生命,你们觉得生命像什么呢?各抒己见,老师做适当点评后引出:那么今天我们一起来了解冰心老人呢是怎样看待生命的。(既导入新课,营造气氛又了解学生对生命的感知水平)
2、整体感知:
先请同学们齐读课文,并要求同学们在阅读的过程中思考这部分作者主要写了什么?(配命运交响曲的背景音乐),后稍微点出(“巉岩”:高而险的山岩)的写法和意思。然后提问:用最简洁的语言来概括作者把生命比作成什么?(回到文本,训练学生分析概括文字的能力)。
3、精读课文:
提出:一江春水在流动的过程中遭遇了些什么,又是如何应对这些遭遇的?同学们自由朗读后自己从文中找出(提示关键词“有的”并总结排比修辞手法的作用),这时配以图片和相应的声音,做朗读指导,示范其中的应注意的轻重、缓急、高低并让同学们尝试着读。之后引导同学总结水的特点。自然地引出《飞得更高》的歌曲。由于《课程标准》提到:阅读是学生个性化的行为,不应以教师的分析来代替。因此,我让学生那个找出自己喜欢的句子,并和大家一起分享喜欢的理由。(这一部分我主要找托,总结动词的很具表现力的作用顺势引导同学复习《背影》中精当的动词,总结这部分的语言美、意境美的特点)。然后提出:文中有一个重要的词表现了春水在流动过程中的心态,同学们迅速的找出来(享受),顺势引导学生:日常生活中我们常常要遇到一些挫折和磨难,结合你的经历谈谈你是如何战胜困难使自己变得坚强的?(拓展内涵,引发同学对生命的思考)
4、制造悬念,巧妙结束:
这一江遭遇了复杂,曲折和多变却依旧享受生命的春水,在投入大海的怀抱时,又是怎样一种情形呢?那我们下节课再一起来欣赏吧!
说课稿数学篇二
各位评委老师,上午好!今天我说课的内容是《中国制造》。
《中国制造》是第五单元《商品带你看世界》第三块的内容,从中国商品对全球经济的影响视角,帮助学生认识中国经济的发展情况,懂得中国经济是世界经济链上的重要一环,从而唤起学生的自豪感和责任感。
《中国制造》这一活动主题是在本单元中“商品的故事”、“寻找商标的国籍”基础上从经济的角度引导学生认识世界,唤起学生的民族自豪感、责任感,初步培养学生开放的国际意识。
经济对学生来说是他们生活的一部分,他们对国内经济的发展有一定的了解,但不全面,不深入,有的受到家长的观念影响也缺乏对我国经济的一种自信,从某种意义上来说,学生对国内经济对世界经济的发展的影响了解不够,因此而产生的民族自豪感有,但不够强烈。
基于对教材的分析和对学生情况的了解,我认为设计时应体现出以下几点:
1.从生活中来,到生活中去。课标指出“品德课程以儿童生活为基础,但并不是儿童生活的简单翻版,课程的教育意义在于对儿童生活的引导,用经过生活锤炼的有意义的教育内容教育儿童。”因此,在教学时,不仅要让学生通过《中国制造》的学习了解中国经济的发展与腾飞,唤起内心的民族自豪感,更要引导学生更好地学习,明确自己身为中国的子民,将要为将来国家经济的发展作出贡献的努力方向,增强民族责任感。
2.自主参与,自我提高。课标提出“通过各种教学活动,帮助学生获得丰富的体验,形成积极的生活态度”。在教学中,我将寓教育于活动之中,努力使教学走进生活,贴近学生,创设开放、互动、活泼的教学情景,营造自由、民主、愉悦的课堂氛围,给学生充分参与的机会,引导他们感受中国对世界经济作出的贡献,增强爱国主义热情。
根据课标、对教材的理解及学生的实际水平,我确定这次活动的目标为:
1.通过对中国制造业现状的调查了解,感受中国经济的发展和腾飞。
2.培养学生的爱国主义情感,培养学生的民族自信心。
3.引导学生学会用两种眼光看待“中国制造”,增强学生的民族责任心。
本次活动的重点是引导学生感受中国经济的民展和腾飞,增强民族自豪感。难点在于引导学生学会客观看待中国制造,增强学生的民族责任心。
为了突出重点,突破难点,我会在教学设计中能过以下几个方面来处理:
1. 课前准备:
引导学生查阅和收集“中国制造”的名牌商标,寻找相关故事,通过查阅书籍,上网查找资料等多种方式调查和了解“中国制造”的商品在世界各地的销售情况以及中国企业走出国门,走向世界,建立跨国公司的情况,让学生在课前就有一种民族自豪的情感体验,为课堂上交流体验作好感情积垫,便于在课上形成认知的共鸣。
2. 课中引导:
课堂上采用多种教学形式,如观看影像资料、填写调查表格、阅读小资料、现场采访等引导学生在活动中提高认识,感受中国经济的发展与腾飞,同时能客观地看待中国制造,增强民族责任感。
3. 课后延伸:
为了避免出现课堂里群情激昂,下了课就抛之脑后的现象,我会让课堂教学与课外活动相结合,课后安排“利用废弃物设计制作或创作自己最喜欢的‘中国制造’产品模型,配上相关的商标和说明”的活动,引导学生自觉地将课堂体验认知转化为平时生活的一种责任行为。
基于以上思考,我大体将本节课设计为以下四块:
(一) 趣闻导入,了解“中国制造”的意思
(二) 调查交流,感受“中国制造”的意义
(三) 现场采访,为“中国制造”规划未来
(四) 小组畅想,我将来的“中国制造”
(一)趣闻导入,知道“中国制造”
1.出示商品图片,引导学生找到这些商品的共同点:made in china。
2.出示放大英文语句,指名说说该英文句子的意思,并说说还从哪些地方看到过这句话。
3.出示生活小趣闻,大概内容:表姐去日本务工,因想念家人,特从日本购买了许多小商品作为小礼物邮寄回国送给亲友,说是日本的东西真是又好又便宜。我欣然前往,发现多是手表、袜子、小玩具之类的小玩意儿,虽国内多见,但毕竟是日本货,感觉很新鲜。可谁知一细看商标,不是“made in japan”。同学们,你来猜猜这些产品是哪个国家制造的?哎,真是中国人到外国去买中国货,你说有趣不有趣!
(二)调查交流,感受中国制造的产品之多,中国经济对世界经济的影响之大
1.简单交流听生活小趣闻后的想法,初步感受中国制造的产品之多。
2.小组活动,填写调查表格。
(1)在国外买到的“中国制造”的产品有哪些?
(2)“中国制造”的产品在国外的销售情况怎么样?
3.全班交流,感受中国制造的产品真得很多。
4.出示短片:国外用的钻头,每五个中就有一个来自丹阳后巷的飞达集团。看短片后说说感受,为家乡的制造业而自豪。
5.出示教材上的“小资料”:中国制造的产品在国外产品利用率中所占的比例等数据。看数据后说感受,为中国的制造业而自豪。
6.老师小结,情感升华:“made in china”这个标记已经出现在从玩具到家电,乃至大型机械等出口商品上面,“made in china”渐渐让全世界瞩目,中国逐渐成为全球制造业的中心。当你看到这句英文出现在我国制造的商品上时,你会怎样念?指名念,全班念。
(三)现场采访,为“中国制造”出谋划策
1.现场采访从美国归来的黄校长。黄校长和学生交流,大概内容:我在美国看到很多东西,都是“中国制造”,很是高兴。但是转念一想,虽然表面上看我们生产的服装、拖鞋、小家电遍布国外市场,好像把他们的市场征服了,但细细想来,“中国制造”都是低附加值、低科技含量的产品,人家买我们的产品不是因为我们的产品多好,而是因为我们的产品便宜,不是人家不会生产,而是嫌利润太低,不愿生产。实际上,“中国制造”的增多只是代表中国生产力的提高。那同学们,你们来讨论讨论,对于我们“中国制造”,有什么办法让这些真正促进中国的强大,成为我们中国的骄傲!
2.小组讨论,出谋划策。
3.全班交流,规划“中国制造”的未来
4.小结:如果能变“中国制造”为“中国创造”,那才是真正的骄傲呀!
(四)小组畅想,我将来的“中国制造”
1.学生是未来的生力军,作为小学生,现在可以做些什么?生交流。
2.畅想一下:20年后,“中国制造”的哪些产品大受欢迎?小组交流。
3.奇思妙想话“中国制造”,全班交流。
(五)课后作业
利用废弃物设计制作或创作自己最喜欢的‘中国制造’产品模型,配上相关的商标和说明。
各位评委老师,通过这节课的设计,我希望学生在听、看、说、议的过程中能对我国国内经济的飞速发展,对世界经济的影响有一定的认识,能因经济的腾飞而为自己是个中国人而骄傲,同时增强自己身为一个中国的孩子,能为将来的中国经济的发展做贡献的一种责任意识。
以上只是一些不成熟的想法,如有不到之处,敬请批评指正,谢谢!
说课稿数学篇三
二零一一年的义务教育语文课程标准中要求全面提高学生的语文素养;积极倡导自主合作探究式的的.学习方式;正确把握语文教育的特点;努力建设开放而有活力的语文课程。根据初中生个人身心发展特征,在新课程以学生为主体,教师为主导的设计理念,培养中学生语言建构与应用、思维发展与提升;审美鉴赏与创造;文化传承与理解的语文核心素养,让学生在学习过程中,充分发挥自己的能力,领悟情感的提升等等理念的基础上进行了《壶口瀑布》的教学设计。总之,进行教学设计时力求体现以学生发展为主,关注学生的读书体验,让教师的教学行为的有效性落到实处,强调学生自主探究文本,学生合作交流,并辅以现代信息技术的运用,提高课堂效率,以完成本课的教学任务。
1.说教材
《壶口瀑布》是部编版八年级下册第五单元的第一篇文质兼美的游记散文。作者是梁衡。“读万卷书,行万里路。”旅游其实是另一种阅读,是认识世界的一种方式。这个单元的主题是通过学习游记类的文章,通过记述作者的游览见闻,抒发作者的情思。学生阅读这类文章可以让我们丰富见闻,增长知识,开阔眼界。
本单元目标:了解游记的特点,把握作者的游踪,写景的角度和方法,并揣摩和品味语言,欣赏积累精彩词句。感受作者对自然、社会和人生的思考。本课的教学设计应该体现此单元目标。
2.说学情:
认知层面:学生在部编版七年级下册第二单元第一篇学习了光未然的《黄河颂》有一定的基础。借景抒情,托物言志类的文章初二的学生已经学过《三峡》《与朱元思书》《答谢中书书》等,这类文章除了要求学生能对生动的语言赏析外,还要掌握一些写景的方法。八年级的孩子思维比较活跃。
能力层面:我们面对的是长江中下游的孩子,对于黄河的了解有限,时空的距离很难理解这篇文章,需要老师进行引导。
情感态度价值观层面:本文语言精美,文化内涵厚重让学生难以理解,难以与文本和作者产生共鸣,需要一个由浅入深的过程。
3.说教学目标
根据20xx年义务教育语文课程标准对中学语文教学的要求和本文的教学内容和特点,结合学生的实际情况,我确定了本课的教学目标,从三个维度讲解。
知识与技能:依据义务教育语文课程标准中第四学段七到九年级需要体味推敲重要词句在语言环境中的意义和作用,所以将多角度赏析文章的语言是如何营造出磅礴气势的,如何综合运用修辞手法的作为知识与技能目标。
过程与方法:本文的语言优美,意境雄浑,感情真挚,在教学设计中,应通过多种形式的朗读,使学生感受到壶口瀑布的气势,以小组合作学习为方式,让学生在交流中品味语言。所以把小组合作探究,讨论作者运用的多种修辞手法,去体悟作者通过壶口瀑布表达的黄河厚重的文化底蕴及对中华民族伟大坚强精神的赞美之情作为过程与方法目标。
情感态度与价值观:作者梁衡在文中不仅精细地描摹了壶口瀑布汹涌澎湃之景与壮丽开阔之境,更由黄河博大宽厚,柔中有刚、挟而不服,压而不弯、不平则呼,遇强则抗、死地必生,勇往直前的特质联想到人的经历,想到中华民族的艰难历程,由对黄河的歌颂升华到对中华民族百折不挠,自强不息,勇往直前的精神的歌颂。因此,将根据文章内容,感受黄河的魄力,体悟作者要表达的思想感情,养成对祖国的热爱之情,黄河厚重的文化底蕴及赋予中华儿女的精神力量作为本文的情感目标。
4.说教学重难点
为了落实本课的教学目标,我把本课的教学重难点确定为:
重点:义务教育语文课程标准中第四学段七到九年级需要体味推敲重要词句在语言环境中的意义和作用。所以把多角度赏析文章的语言是如何营造出磅礴气势的,认识作者是如何综合运用修辞手法的。作为教学重点。
难点:因为七年级虽然学过黄河颂,但是对于时空局限及时代因素的影响,所以把体悟作者要表达的思想感情,对祖国的热爱之情,黄河厚重的文化底蕴及赋予中华儿女的精神力量作为难点。
5.说教材处理
全文描写了作者两次在壶口瀑布看到的景象,描绘了一个刚柔并济、多姿多彩的壶口瀑布,抒发了作者的人生感悟。针对第二段内容主要讲雨季特点,第三段通过重点句子的分析体现枯水季节的特点以及作者多角度的对壶口瀑布进行描写。第五段是过渡段由水写到石,简要提一下。第六段是文章最后一段抒发了作者的感情,需要重点讲解。
1.说教法
语文课程标准要求:学生是学习和发展的主体。为让学生充分理解教学内容,结合八年级学生阅读实际情况,教学中我主要通过学生参与式的教学模式,采取朗读法、情境教学法,比较阅读法等教学方法,配合现代教学手段,使学生积极参与到教学活动中来,乐于学,勤于思考。
2.说学法
根据课程标准和本文的语言特点选择了自主合作探究的学习方法。
围绕以上教学目标,重点和难点,根据钱梦龙先生的教师主导-学生主体-训练主线的原则,设计以下6个教学环节。
1.导入3min:从学生已有的认知水平导入,七年级下册第二单元第一课学习了《黄河颂》这篇文章,而光未然恰好在壶口瀑布写下这篇文章,可以自然的引出《壶口瀑布》这篇文章。在学生已有的认知基础上导入,可以拉近学生和课文的距离,调动学生的兴趣。
2.初读,感受写景之奇12min:课程标准中指出,阅读是学生个性化的行为,要让学生充分地读,在读中整体感知。让同学们自由朗读,起到疏通文意的作用。小组合作探究比较壶口瀑布和正常瀑布的区别,调动学生积极性(情景教学法:使用视频,更加直观让同学们感受到黄河枯水期的气势磅礴);进而比较雨季和枯水季节壶口瀑布的特点;从文章结构来看,第五段从水写到石,侧面写出水的力量,点明是承上启下的过渡段。
3.细读,欣赏表达之美10min:叶圣陶先生:“语文教学的目的就是让学生自能读书,不待老师讲。”通过小组合作探究的形式通过分析第三段的重要句子来理解重点内容,提高学生活跃度,体现主体地位。充分利用实例,让学生在充分朗读的情况下进行赏析。通过反复让同学们朗读课文内容和比较教学法,通过删改换多种形式,引导学生结合文本回答问题,从语言和修辞手法多角度赏析文章的语言是如何营造出磅礴气势的,此时会点明作者是如何综合运用修辞手法的。力图达到知识与技能方面多角度赏析文章的语言是如何营造出磅礴气势的,如何综合运用修辞手法的目标。
4.深读,感悟哲理之深10min:一层层剖析文章的主题思想,来突破难点,体会作者的思想情感,对祖国的热爱之情,黄河厚重的文化底蕴及赋予中华儿女的精神力量。从壶口瀑布的特点磅礴雄壮,到黄河特点,挟而不服压而不弯勇往直前等等,到中华民族的特点,因为黄河是我们的母亲河,所以黄河的特征就是中华民族的特征,黄河的性格也是中华民族的性格,作者对黄河的赞美,也就是对中华民族的赞美。到每一个中华儿女,炎黄子孙,每一个学生都应该具有这样的民族精神。从水写到民族的高度,激发学生的情感,体会民族精神的深刻内涵。齐读最后一段,指导朗读后,在雄壮的旋律中再读第六段,升华情感。
5.教师总结3min:联系时代以及学生实际,我们应该如何传承黄河蕴含的勇往直前,百折不饶,无坚不摧的民族精神。引导孩子在生活中学语文,在生活中用语文,享受语文。
6.作业布置2min:
由于语文课程是一门学习祖国语言文字运用的综合性,实践性课程。所以就布置了作业二,注重实践性,让同学们对自己身边熟悉的景物去写一段话。语文课程的最终目标是指向人的全面发展。所以要培养“思维发展与提升”的语文核心素养。布置作业三,文章结尾的时间究竟有何含义。综合查找各种资源,得出答案。这也符合20xx年版的义务教育语文课程标准,能利用图书馆网络来搜集自己需要的信息和资料。
7.板书设计:
本文的板书是针对文章重难点内容和文章的逻辑顺序来设计的,该板书力求让学生抓住课文的内容主线,表现作者的写作思路(或思想感情),简单明了。由于文章的重点是多角度赏析文章的语言是如何营造出磅礴气势的,认识作者是如何综合运用修辞手法的。所以把枯水季节第三段中的重点句子作为板书主体。文章的难点是体悟作者要表达的思想感情,对祖国的热爱之情,黄河厚重的文化底蕴及赋予中华儿女的精神力量,所以通过层层递进的方式来引导学生明白黄河厚重的文化底蕴及赋予中华儿女的精神力量。
8.说教学反思
说课稿数学篇四
一个数除以分数是人民教育出版社《义务教育数学课程标准(实验稿)》编写的小学数学六年级上册〈分数除法〉单元第2节的内容,它包括了分数除法的各种情况,学生理解了这个计算法则,就能掌握
分数除法的计算方法。
这部分内容是在本册第二单元中分数乘法,是在学生已经知道如何求“一个数的几分之几”和例1,2分数除法中除数是整数的基础上教学的,教材通过例1例2让学生具有了分数除以整数的计算概念及之前学习的分数乘法的经验,这些都是本课学习基础。是学生进一步学习分数除法中解
决问题、比的重要基础,学习的过程中用到了转化、归纳、数形结合、验证的数学思想方法。而本课时通过例3使学生学会探索分数除法的计算方法。
结合以上的分析和课标的要求,根据6年级学生的认知发展水平,我
1、经历归纳分数除法的计算法则,使学生理解和掌握一个数除
以分数的计算方法及算理。
2、培养学生的计算能力及抽象、观察、概括、分析、比较和综
合的能力。
教学重点:一个数除以分数的计算方法
教学难点:理解整数除以分数的计算方法
教法与学法:为突出重点,分散难点,始终使学生参与知识形成的过程。引导学生将“图”与“式”对照起来,进行分析和说理。从而在发挥直观形象思维对于抽象逻辑思维支持作用的同时,让学生逐渐感受数形结合的优势。根据高年级儿童已初步从抽象思维过渡到逻辑思维的认知特点,按照布鲁纳关于儿童在学习过程中经历的三个表征系统的阶段,或奥苏泊尔意义学习的理论,或建构主义的学习理论。我设计了4个教学环节。教学中通过学生观察、分析、讨论等方式,引导学生寻找计算方法,并通过发现、总结、运用法则调动学生的积极性。
教学过程
1.2小时行驶90千米,1小时行驶多少千米?(通过复习,使学生回忆起路程、时间与速度之间的数量关系,有目的地引发学生利
用旧知识去解决新问题的意识)
2.1小时有()个1/3小时,1小时有()个1/12小时?
(对算法推导过程的两个关键点,设计该填空题。)
小明2/3小时行2千米,1小时行多少千米?
教学时,我先让学生理解题意,然后让学生说出列式依据
下面问题思考
(1)学生独立列出算式
2÷2/3
(2)小组探索算法
让学生自己尝试计算。可以用综合算式,也可以分步列式。通过交流
汇报,学生反馈结果如下:
(1)2÷2/3=(2×3/2)÷(2/3×3/2)=3÷1=3(商不变规律和倒数的认识)
(2)2÷2/3=2÷(2÷3)=2÷2×3=1×3=3(分数与除法之间的关系)
(3)2÷2/3=2×3/2=3(由分数除以整数推想)
(4)先画线段分析图,再列式解答
2÷2=1(千米)1×3=3(千米)
在这四种情况中适当地组织学生讨论,通过问题的讨论,使每一个学生对此题做一个重新的分析。
教师讲解并有选择地加以板书,展现推算的全过程:
(3)教师板书线段图
借助线段图引导学生思考,已知2/3小时走了2km,可以先算么?
启发学生明确计算思路:
①已知2/3小时走了2km,可以先求出1/3小时走了多少千米,算式2×1/2;
②再求1小时即3个1/3小时走了多少千米,
算式是:2×1/2×3
在讲解的过程中特别是在板书中约分的时候让学生说原被除数2约分得到的3,有什么具体含义,是线段图上的哪一段。然后观察、比较整数除以分数和分数除以分数,在计算时有什么共同特点?,用自己的语言叙述一个数除以分数的计算方法。
说课稿数学篇五
各位评委、老师:
下午好!今天我说课的课题是人教版七年级数学下册第九章《一元一次不等式组》中一元一次不等式组第一课时,我将从“教材分析,教法与学法、教学程序设计、板书设计”四方面来说课。
一、教材分析
1、教材的地位和作用
学生已经学习了一元一次方程、二元一次方程组、及其应用,在此基础上,由相等关系转到不等关系、来学本章内容;学好本章内容,为一次函数等数与代数的后续学习奠定了基础。本节课在上节一元一次不等式的基础上来学习一元一次不等式组,尝试对学生类比推理能力进行培养。通过利用数轴来确定一元一次不等式组的解集,让学生初步感知数形结合的数学思想方法。
2、教学目标
(1)知识目标:
理解一元一次不等式组相关概念;会利用数轴解简单的一元一次不等式组;理解并掌握一元一次不等式组解集的四种情况。
(2)能力目标:
通过利用数轴来寻求不等式组的解集、及探讨交流不等式组解集的四种情况,培养学生的观察能力、分析能力、及归纳总结能力。
(3) 情感目标:
将不等式组的解法和归纳留给学生在交流、讨论中完成,培养了学生独立思考的习惯、合作交流意识与创新意识,为学生在今后生活和学习中更好运用数学作准备。
3、教学重难点
(1)重点:理解不等式组的有关概念,会解简单的一元一次不等式组;
(2)难点:利用数轴准确确定不等式组的解集
二、教法与学法
1、学情分析:
学生已经学会了解一元一次不等式,知道了用数轴如何表示一元一次不等式的解集。本节我们要学习一元一次不等式组,因此由一元一次不等式猜想一元一次不等式组的概念学生易于接受,因而能更好培养学生的类比推理能力。再者,现在的学生已经厌倦教师单独的讲授方式,希望教师能够给他们自己探索、发表自己见解和展示自己才华的机会;更希望教师满足他们的创造愿望。
2、教法:引导发现式教学法
《课标》中指出,有效的数学学习过程不能单纯的依赖模仿与记忆,教师应引导学生主动地从事观察、实验、猜测、验证、推理与交流等数学活动。本节课我从生活中实例引入,激发学生的学习兴趣;通过组织学生探讨交流、解决一系列问题,从而达到教学目标。
3、学法:交流互动法
让学生经历知识的形成过程,是《课标》倡导的重要改革理念之一。课标指出:动手实践、自主探索与合作交流是学生学习的重要方式。因此,本节课我提供足够的
时间和思考空间,让学生通过独立思考、探讨交流发现如何用数轴来确定不等式组的解集,并总结出口诀。经历了数学知识的形成与应用过程,发展了数学思维能力。
三、教学程序设计(五步)
(一)创设情境,新知探究
★活动一:用木条钉三角形木框,引入概念
我为学生准备长度不等的木条;让学生亲自动手钉木框;引导学生先独立阅读课本相关内容,理解题意,从而确定用“三角形三边关系定理”来解决问题。自然而然得出一个不等式组。
设计意图:从实例引入,要求学生能综合运用已有的知识,独立思考、自主探索,从类比的角度让学生说出一元一次不等式组的概念。
★活动二:组织学生探讨交流,如何在数轴上确定不等式组的解集
教学时教师鼓励学生观察、分析、探讨交流,互相补充解决问题;使学生认识到不等式组的解集是每一个不等式解集的公共部分,最后,教师引导学生总结出解题过程及注意事项。
设计意图:在学生的讨论交流中,了解不等式组解集的含义和明确解不等式组的基本步骤;使学生在探索和解决问题的过程中获得体验、得到发展;充分发挥了学生的主体作用,使学生在轻松的氛围中掌握知识。
(二)学以致用,一试身手
?2x?3?x?11?2x?1?x?1?解不等式组 ??2x?5x?8?4x?1?1?2?x?? ?3
给学生安排了两个基本的不等式组,教学中先要求学生独立完成,教师巡视指导;然后让学生与同伴交流解决问题的过程和遇到的问题,规范解题过程。
设计意图:通过解不等式组,进一步加深学生对不等式组的解集以及以及解不等式组的认识。让学生认识到,数轴的直观表示有助于准确的确定不等式组的解集。再者,第二个不等式组无解,这样可以让学生认识到不等式组并不总是有解。一个不等式组是否有解,谁说了算呢?那就要看看各个不等式的解集在数轴上是否有公共部分了!
(三)总结规律,得出口诀
给出四个基本的不等式组,先让学生通过数轴确定解集,从直观上了解不等式组解集的基本情况;然后引导学生总结出口诀、达到会说理解会运用。教师注意两点:一是注意口诀中的每一个大字与小字代表的是符号还是数?!二是让学生用肢体语言感悟一下,调动学生的学习兴趣!(在这里,教师告诉学生,我们人体本身就带着这四句口诀呢!例如:、、、可谓:“轻松一刻”!让学生学习并快乐着!)
设计意图:引导学生借助数轴直观地掌握这四种有代表类型的解集,突出“公共部分”的探讨,从而加深学生对不等式组解集的理解;更重要的是学生区分出这四种不同的情况、理解口诀后,以后做题中,能否结合数轴更快更准地找出不等式组的解集! 口诀的使用对难点突破起了有效的作用。
(此时此刻,教师完全可以告诉学生:“解不等式组啊,以后想做错,这个真的很难!”)
(四)实际应用,解决问题
教师出示例题,引导学生分析题意,类比找相等关系来找不等关系,尝试写出做题过程,教师指点。
设计意图:通过利用新知解决实际问题,培养学生把实际问题转化为数学模型的能力,加深对以不等式组为数学工具解决问题的认识。使学生学会发现问题、分析问题,培养学生的应用意识,提高学生的应用能力。
(五) 归纳小结,整体感知
教师鼓励学生畅所欲言,说出本节课自己的体会、收获;最后教师补充总结,点明三点:一是解不等式组的基本过程;二是数轴在解题过程中的作用;三是哪类问题适合用不等式组解决。
设计意图:通过小结,为学生创造交流的空间,培养学生的归纳概括能力。再次巩固了数轴来确定一元一次不等式组解集的过程!突出了重点!又从能力、情感、态度等方面关注学生对课堂的整体感受,在轻松愉快的气氛中体会收获的喜悦,
四:板书设计
左中右三部分:
左(一) 1、一元一次不等式组
2、一元一次不等式组的解集
3、利用数轴,找公共部分。
中(二) 1、四种结果
2、口诀内容:大大取较大 小小取较小 大小小大中间找 大大小小解不了
3、做题过程、注意事项
右(三) 实际应用;由“相等关系”到“不等关系”
《一元一次不等式组》说课稿
张弟发
太平狮峰学校
说课稿数学篇六
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