最新time 定语从句 time做定语从句先行词汇总
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文,希望能够帮助到大家,我们一起来看一看吧。
time 定语从句 time做定语从句先行词篇一
同位语从句例句
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定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目,同时它也是各地中考英语的一个常考考点。综观近年来各地的中考英语试题,定语从句的主要考点集中在两个方面:一是考查指物的关系代词的用法,二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外,它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面,但相对考得比较少。下面是小编帮大家整理的和time的定语从句,希望能够帮助到大家。
当先行词为指物的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that或which,这是各地中考英语命题涉及最多的一个知识点。如:
1. people often like clothes ______ can make them look young.(湖南株洲中考题)
a. when b. who c. that
分析:c。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词clothes(衣服)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选c。
2. the english-chinese dictionary ______ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.(江苏南京中考题)
a. whose b. when c. who d. that
分析:d。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词dictionary(词典)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选d。
3. the little boy was wrapping the present ______ would be sent to his teacher.(呼和浩特中考题)
a. who b. / c. what d. that
分析:d。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词present(礼物)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选d。
4. —what are you looking for?
—i’m looking for the ring ______ my husband bought me last year.(山东滨州中考题)
a. that b. who c. whom d. it
分析:a。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词ring(戒指)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选a。
当先行词为指人的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that, who, whom——that和who可用作主语或宾语,而whom只用作宾语。这是各地中考英语命题涉及相当多的一个知识点(从数量上看,比考查指物的关系代词的用法要少一些)。如:
1. i hate people ______ talk much but do little.(山东泰安中考题)
a. who b. which c. whose d. whom
分析:a。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词people(人们)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选a。
2. most students like the teachers ______ understand them well. (浙江嘉兴中考题)
a. who b. when c. what d. which
分析:a。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词teachers(教师)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选a。
3. success will belong to those ______ never say “impossible”.(河南中考题)
a. whom b. what c. who d. which
分析:c。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词those(那些人)是“人”,同时在定语从句中作主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who,故选a。
4. —do you know the girl ______ is helping the old woman.
—oh, that’s my sister. (贵州黔东南州中考题)
a. whom b. whose c. who d. where
分析:c。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词girl(女孩)是“人”,同时在定语从句中作主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who,故选a。
s that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。
请看以下真题实例:
one of the most delicious drinks ______ i like is orange juice. (湖北十堰中考题)
a. which b. that c. whose d. whom
分析:b。句中的先行词是drinks(饮料),指“物”,按理说,此题选a和b均可。但事实上,此题只能选b,原因就是先行词drinks之前有最高级(the most delicious)修饰。
关系代词whose在定语从句中主要用作定语,表示它所修饰的名词与先行词之间为所属关系。如:
there are some students whose questions i can’t answer. 有些学生提出的问题我回答不了。
i’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 我想要一个窗户面临大海的房间。
值得注意的是,whose既可指人,也可指物,不要误以为它只用于指人。请看一道真题实例:
—there are so many girls over there. which one is your sister?
—the one ______ hat is yellow.(湖北随州中考题)
a. who b. whose c. that d. which
分析:b。由于空格处所填的关系代词用作定语修饰hat,故选b。“the one whose hat is yellow.”的意思是“戴黄色帽子的那个(是我的妹妹)”。
用于引导定语从句的关系副词有三个,即when, where, why,它们分别表示时间、地点和原因,且它们在定语从句分别用作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。但是从近几年的中考英语试题来看,这类考题涉及得比较少。如:
this is the primary school ______ i studied three years ago.(四川宜宾中考题)
a. where b. when c. that d. which
分析:a。由于受定语从句修饰的名词the primary school(小学)表示地点,所以定语从句用where来引导(同时where在定语从句中用作地点状语)。句意为:这就是我三年前就读的小学。
但是,值得注意的是,不要一看到先行词是表示时间、地点或原因,就以为引导定语从句的一定是关系副词,有时还得要分析关系词在定语从句是用作状语(用关系副词)还是主语或宾语(用关系代词)。请看两道真题实例:
1. there will be a flower show in the park ______ we visited last week.(广东中考题)
a. who b. where c. what d. which
【答案】d。虽然先行词park(公园)表示“地点”,但此空格处不能填where,因为关系词在定语从句中不是用作状语,而是用作宾语(作动词visited的宾语),故此题的答案是d,而不是b。
2. i still remember the time ______ we spent together at xisai mountain last year.( 湖北黄石中考题)
a. when b. what c. who d. which
【答案】d。尽管先行词time表示“时间”,但此空格处不能填when,因为关系词在定语从句中不是用作状语,而是用作宾语(作动词spent的宾语),故此题的答案是d,而不是a。
有时命题者会将引导定语从句的关系词与其他知识综合在一起进行考查。这类试题难度很大,同时在中考试题也出现得不多。请看两个实例:
1.—do you enjoy my heart will go on?
—no, i prefer songs______ loud.(四川达州中考题)
a. that is b. which is c. that are d. what are
分析:c。由于先行词songs指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词可用that或which,但a、b、c均符合此要求,而不同的是,它们后面所接的谓语动词不同。那么到底该用is还是are呢?同学们此时就要注意先行词是单数还是复数了。对于此题而言,由于先行词songs是复数,所以其后定语从句的谓语也要用复数,故选c。
2. we all like the story about the teacher ______ happened in our school last week. (湖北咸宁中考题)
a. which b. who c. whom d. what
分析:a。初看一眼,同学们很可能认为此题的'答案是b,因为定语从句的先行词好像是teacher啊!但是错了,因为teacher(老师)不能happened(发生),而只有story(故事)才能happened(发生),所以真正的先行词是story而不是teacher,由于命题者用about the about将定语从句与先行词分开,导致许多学生误选了b。
用来修饰句子中的名词或代词或其短语的从句,就叫做定语从句。其实,就是拿句子来做名词、代词或是其短语的定语。如:
it's a book.
i bought the book yesterday.
以上两句话中,都有book一词,所以可以用定语从句把两句话连起来。即:
it's the book that i bought yesterday.
这句话中that引导的i bought yesterday就是一个定语从句,用来修饰the book。
要想学好定语从句,得先弄清楚两个基本概念,即:先行词和关系词。
(一)先行词
所谓先行词,就是指定语从句所修饰的成分。这个名称倒是挺形象的,为什么?因为先行词永远出现在定语从句的前面,总是先走一步的,呵呵!
(二)关系词
所谓关系词,就是指用来连接定语从句的词语。关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词。需要注意的是,关系代词或关系副词都要在从句中充当成分的,所以是不可或缺的,尽管当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,经常可以省略(本文会继续讲到这个情况)。
我们在来看一下在第一节里出现的句子:
it's the book that i bought yesterday.
句中的the book就是先行词,被后面的从句i bought yesterday所修饰。而that就是关系代词,用来连接i bought yesterday,同时又在从句作bought的宾语,而且可以省略。
定语从句的学习,其实就是有关根据先行词的特点选择合适的关系词的学习。
按照定语从句与先行词的关系紧密与否,可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
(一)限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句对先行词起着修饰限定作用,是不可或缺的。如:
these are the apples that/which they sent us two days ago.
(二)非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句对先行词起着补充说明作用,可要可不要。非限定性定语从句都会被逗号与先行词隔开。如:
they have to walk to the south pole, which is out of a plane's reach.
【注意】
1、当先行词具有唯一性的时候,就只能采用非限定性定语从句,否则就会产生歧义或误解。如:
限定性定语从句:his wife who is now in paris is one of my old classmates.
非限定性定语从句:his wife, who is now in paris, is one of my old classmates.
因为限定性定语从句对先行词起着修饰限定作用,所以具有特指功能,所以第一句中的限定性定语从句意味着是特指他在巴黎的妻子,其潜台词就是他不只一个妻子,也许在上海或者在纽约等其他地方还有妻子。
而非限定性定语从句只对先行词起着补充说明作用,没有特指功能,所以第二句中的非限定性定语从句只是用来补充说明他的妻子现在人在巴黎这个事实。
2、that和why不能用来引导非限定性定语从句
that不能用来连接非限定性定语从句,具体的请看下一节的内容。
而why因为总是紧跟先行词reason,所以也不能用于引导非限定性定语从句。如:
that's the reason why he was late for school this morning.
在reason和why之间,不能插入逗号。
英语里能够用来连接定语从句的关系代词主要有:
that:表人或物
which:表物
who:表人(主格或宾格)
whom:表人(宾格)
whose:表人或物(所有格)
(一)that引导的定语从句
that引导定语从句时,其先行词既可能是人,也可能是物。如:
this is the photo that i took during the trip in france.
he is the man that will visit our school next week.
【注意】
1、当that的先行词表物时,可以用which来替换。此外,当that在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。如:
this is the photo that/which i took during the trip in france.
this is the photo i took during the trip in france.
句中的先行词the photo在从句i took during the trip in france中作took的宾语,所以可以省略。
2、不能用that的情况
1)当定语从句以介词开头时,一般不用that,而要用which或whom。如:
this is the pet dog for which i paid five hundred pounds.
she is the girl to whom i talked just now.
两句话的定语从句分别以介词for和to开头,所以后面不能再用that,而要采用which和whom。
2)当先行词是that时,往往用which来替换。如:
we have that which we need.
此时,that which往往可以用what来替换,因此我们可以把上面的句子改为:
we have what we need.
3)在非限定性定语从句中。如:
错误:his aunt, that is our maths teacher, often gives us candies as gifts.
正确:his aunt, who is our maths teacher, often gives us candies as gifts.
3、只能用that的情况
1)当先行词为everything、all,little、much等不定代词时。如:
all that glitters is not gold.
2)当先行词被all、every、no、any、some、little、much、one修饰时。如:
don't waste any water that is reusable.
3)当先行词被the only、the very、the same、the last修饰时。如:
they are the only students that will attend the meeting.
4)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
this is the first time that i have ever heard about a ghost.
5)当先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时。如:
there are five pens that will be on display tomorrow.
6)当先行词有人又有物时。如:
we don't like the teacher and his lessons that are not interesting at all.
7)当主句是以who或which及其-ever结构开头的特殊疑问句时。如:
whoever that breaks the law will be punished.
4、多用who、不用that的情况
1)当先行词为anyone、one、ones时。如:
he is the one who will teach us english.
2)当先行词为those、he和people时。如:
those who want to ask questions need to write them down first.
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