化学专业实践(十八篇)
人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退,写作可以弥补记忆的不足,将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来,也便于保存一份美好的回忆。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧
化学专业实践篇一
(1)掌握1-2个化工生产工段的主要工艺流程,生产原理及主要控制条件;
(2)掌握1-2个主要化工设备的工作原理,结构特点和操作条件;
(3)了解化工生产中的检测知识和质量保证体系,以及原料、成品、半成品的性质规格与用途;
(4)了解化工企业供水供汽等辅助工段的状况、“三废”的基本治理方法和治理工艺;
(5)了解化工生产的组织方式及技术管理方法;
(6)培养应用所学基础课知识和技术去解决生产问题的能力;
(7)建立初步的工程技术观点;
(8)实习结束,要求每位学生写一份实习总结,每个小组分别写一份小组实习总结。
工业实习是高等院校应用化学专业学生非常重要的实践教学环节,可以使学生进一步了解我国(或本地区)化学工业发展的现状,学习工人、工程技术人员及科技人员的崇高品质和敬业精神。工业实习将专业理论知识与实际相结合,培养学生树立实践观念、创新精神和独立思考的能力,从而达到巩固、加深和拓宽课堂所学专业基础知识的目的,并通过工业实习,使学生更加热爱专业,提高学习的自觉性。
本课程的实践教学活动内容以生产实习为主,主要包括对化工企业生产特点、与实习内容相关的化工生产原理、生产工艺流程、主要设备、产品检测技术及厂房结构等的初步了解。另外,在进入厂区内参观生产装置之前,须进行必要的安全教育,以确保整个实习期间的生产安全和人身安全。
*化工股份有限公司
1、实习方式:集中实习(四组轮换)
2、实习时间:6周
每次轮换对调实习应提前安排好计划,不仅每个学生和教师要知道,还要提前递交实习工厂和车间。
3、具体时间安排:
第1周(7月16日—7月22日)
要求学生做好此次实习相应准备工作(如火车票联系、住宿地点的确定、生活用品的准备、应急药品的携带等);系里召开实习动员大会(7月19日,周四下午3:00,地点:化阶),布置专业实习工作要求,7月21日出发赴*。
第2—5周(7月23日—8月18日,为下工厂时间)
第一实习组:下到净化分厂;
第二实习组:下到合成分厂;
第三实习组:下到硝酸分厂;
第四实习组:下到硝铵分厂。
注意:实习1周以后各实习组岗位轮换对调!
第6周(8月20日—8月26日)
化学专业实践篇二
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化学专业实践篇三
安排教学实习的基本目的,是学生理论联系实际、提高综合素质的重要指向,同时也为未来的教师生涯奠定基础。是通过理论与实际的结合、学校与社会的沟通,进一步提高学生的思想觉悟,尤其是观察、分析和解决问题的实际工作能力,以便把学生培养成为能够主动适应社会主义现代化建设需要的高素质的复合型人才。具体表现在三个方面:
(1)运用和检验教学成果。实践是检验真理的唯一标准,这次实习就是把课堂上学到的系统化的理论知识,尝试性地应用于实际工作,从实践中找到理论知识的不足。检验教学成果,就是看一看课堂教学与实际工作到底有多大距离,并通过综合分析,找出教学中存在的不足,以便为完善教学计划。
(2)了解和熟悉学校的运行。对师范类专业的本科生来说,实际能力的培养至关重要,我们必须通过深入教学前线,熟悉学校、课堂、教学运作的各个方面,同时还要学会与中学生沟通,体验老师与学生的微妙关系。
(3)预演和准备就业工作。通过实习,让自己找出自身状况与社会实际需要的差距,并在以后的学习期间及时补充相关知识,为求职与正式工作做好充分的知识、能力准备,从而缩短从校园走向社会的心理转型期。
我于 20xx年9月3日至11月30日在大同市
学习活动,并认真作好听课记录。课后与老师谈论这节课的优缺点,在跟老师的交流中我学会了许多东西。
(2)备课
1. 备教材
在没有到七中之前,我对学校使用的教材完全不熟悉,当我拿到他们的教材时,我就开始深入钻研教材,把握化学计量的重难点。我深感授课过程中若仅有靠一本教师用书是远远不够的,还必须结合其他参考资料,知识素材的收集整理也是不可缺少的工作,还好黄老师给我了一本《化学优化设计》,学生便是用这本做辅导书,在熟悉教材后,还要结合大量参考书进行整合,再配合自己的思路想法,将整个教学思路理清。
2. 编写教案
教案与教材是想呼应的,一本好的教案是老师对该教材的深刻理解,同时也是老师对教材中的教学重点进行了详尽的描述。研究完教材和教参,跟着的就是编写教案了,写教案、改教案是我认为在教学工作中最难的一步。
3. 试讲
讲是正式上课之前的练习和预演。课前的一次“热身”,锻炼了我的胆量,使我对所教内容更为得心应手。语言表达有不得体的,都能及时加以改正。有时,还能发现备课及教案的不足,及时补救。
4. 上课
这是整个教学实习的核心环节。在教态仪表上,我力求衣着整洁,自然大方,亲切和蔼。
1.班主任工作见习。在进校初期,我就向老师了解了班主任工作的要求和规定,并在见习阶段详细了解实习班级的学情,了解了学生的基本状况,逐步熟悉班主任工作的基本范围、内容和方法。
2.拟订班主任工作实习计划。
化学专业实践篇四
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化学专业实践篇五
时间过得真的很快,转眼就要金工实习了,想一想接下来的日子要参加金工实习,心里还真的有一点不适应。不过一切顺其自然好了。
第一天的时候,感觉金工实习真的挺新鲜的,那时候自己还是什么东西都不懂,慢慢的才开始适应。说句实话,以前我真的没有参加过这样的活动,这样也好,我可以学习一点实际的经验教训。
通过一段时间的学习,总算掌握了一些基本的操作,我们首先接触的是车床的一些基本操作。车床说实话不会太难。只是以前从来没有接触这样的东西,感觉有一点新鲜。通过师傅的耐心讲解和一些实际的操作从最基本的东西开始学习,总算学了一些东西。同时通过学习也感觉到自己所掌握的东西实在太少了。我想生活其实到处都有我们学习的课堂,只要我们认真地去观察就可以发现。
随着时间一天一天的过去,我也逐渐的学到了一些东西。说真的,刚开始的时候,我有一点害怕金工实习,感觉它真的有一点困难。第一天的时候我们学的是车工,师傅叫我们加工了一个零件,我加工的并不是很好,而且还是我的同学帮我把那个零件进行了一些的加工才勉强过的过去。
第二天我们学的是铣工,由于只有半天的时间所以我们的任务也比较简单,那天我们做得还算可以。其实那一天我也学到了一些东西,知道了铣工是怎么一回事。看了师傅的操作然后再自己进行了一下操作,就更加深了对它的了解。
在接下来的几天时间里我们又参加了其他一些工种的实习,其中还有好些时要用到电脑的。试过了才知道自己对电脑了解得也实在是不够。第一对电脑的操作不熟悉,第二对一些操作步骤记得不太清楚。所以我感觉自己通过这次金工实习不仅学到了一些最基本的操作,更了解了自己在其他方面也有些不足的地方。总之通过金工实习我获益良多。
在实习过程中,我也学会了如何更好的做好自己的工作。自己有什么不懂的地方,我可以问一下我的同学,他们也很乐意帮助我。这样无形中又触进了同学之间的感情。真的是一件很好的事情。
这次金工实习留给了我很深的印象,我也从中学到了很多的东西。而且我也了解了一些工种的实际操作。这些对我来说都是非常重要的。这次的金工实习也是我第一次接触到的实习工作索然我没有什么经验,但是我还是很珍惜这一次的机会。做过了我才知道原来不管做什么事情都不是那么简单的。就拿铸工来说看上去很简单,然而也要自己实际操作过了以后才知道怎么样去操作,不然你即使看了也不会。铸工是比较简单的一件事情,一开始的时候我担心自己不会,害怕自己会出一些差错,不过最后证明这种作还是比较简单的。只要我们细心地去做就不容易出错。
当然还有其他方面值得一说的。例如,通过这次金工实习我也算了解了工人的工作,自己做过了也就能够体会到别人的苦了。通过这次的实习也让我深深地感受到我们现在在大学的日子实在是很幸福的,我们一定要好好的珍惜这样的学习机会,不然自己如果浪费了宝贵的大学时光,将来一定会后悔的。我们现在在学校一定要好好的学习,认真地掌握一些基本的知识准备将来为祖国为我们社会主义国家出一份力。
这次金工实习我感觉到自己好像有一点累,也许是因为自己平时太少锻炼了的缘故,所以以后我一定会好好的锻炼自己,今后一定要成为一个对自己/对家人、对社会负责任的人。这次金工实习留给了我很多的感受,我想这些东西对我将来一定会有很大的帮助的。
这次金工实习虽然结束了,但是我想它带给我的东西一定会伴随我的一生的。
化学专业实践篇六
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化学专业实践篇七
我于9月7日到xx公司实习。按照公司的安排,分配到米东事业部各个车间和处室进行学习。
在这短短的三个月中,公司良好的的企业文化,员工积极向上的工作态度使我深受感染,很快就使我的学习、工作完成了一次大的蜕变,现将最近三个月的主要学习、工作情况和感受总结如下:
1.特别的学习---烧碱车间
经过事业部的安全培训后,我们按照培训计划首先进入烧碱车间学习。烧碱车间是事业部中条件相对艰苦,工作环境相对比较恶劣的一个车间,而这的学习也给我们留下了一个深刻的影像。其中,老固碱主要采用大锅熬制蒸发浓缩的方法,洋固碱采用降膜固碱方法,主要靠动力车间提供的中压蒸汽对自上而下形成膜状的烧碱加热,来自离子膜的32%烧碱通过i效蒸发浓缩器浓缩,浓度达到了39%,通过ⅱ效蒸发器浓缩为50%的浓碱,再通过ⅲ效蒸发器,浓度达到了62%,62%的烧碱进入最终浓缩器浓缩为98.3%烧碱,最后通过闪蒸器浓缩为99%的烧碱,即成品碱,同时产生32%、50%和62%的烧碱成品。我们在这的主要工作是把生产好的片碱通过半自动包装线运输到库房。开始我在生产线上负责码托盘,由于生产线是连续的,所有我们在上班的8小时的工作也是马不停蹄。清楚的记得刚开始上班时由于不适应,汗流浃背把工作服全都渗透了,而且流的汗直往眼睛里渗,也清楚的记得有多少次的筋疲力尽,但我们坚持下来了,在烧碱车间的一个月不仅仅是对我们体力上的锻炼,也使我们明白了很多。体会到了工作的不容易,父母挣钱的辛苦,也明白了工作并不是那么简单,不是大学一毕业就能过上舒服的日子,而是要通过自己的奋斗和努力。
2.艰辛的学习---聚氯乙烯车间
经过烧碱车间,我们体力上有了一个很大的锻炼,接着我们来到了聚氯乙烯,如果说前面的锻炼只是一个体力上的磨合,那么现在的学习对我们是更大的一次考验。聚合车间包括聚合、干燥、包装工序以及空压站,凯膜生化和循环水。技术员首先给我们讲解了聚合的核心设备——聚合釜,聚合釜的控制要求是非常高,1号和2号装置的釜压都控制在0.9mp左右,但是温度不同,1号的温度控制在57.5℃,2号控制在56.7℃,温度上下浮动在0.2℃之间,在反应30min之后加入分散剂pva,引发剂ehp、cnp,当压降0.03~0.08mp时加入终止剂,中途还需注水,作用是起到保持体积和降温的作用。由于专业的所限,使我们在学习工艺的过程中遇到一些困难,接触都基本是一些从来没有接触过得一些东西,而且记忆量也很大,尤其是记pid图时,一幅图纸上有很多的设备和几十个阀门,而每一个设备和阀门的位号及其管路的连接都要求清楚的记得,并且时间也有限,感觉很困难。有时一幅图纸我们可能要画七八遍才能记得住,白天由于时间有限,并且要转现场,熟悉设备及其管线,我们就经常利用晚上的时间来学习,学习工艺、设备的工作原理和结构及其管路的连接。学习虽说是枯燥乏味的,但我们从来没有放弃,依然一步一步的走了过来,而我们也渐渐的明白了学习是永无止境的,在工作中不是学校学习所能学来的,而要不断的学习不断的提高。
化学专业实践篇八
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化学专业实践篇九
经过了两个星期的金工实习,大家都能收获许多书本上难以收获的实践知识。穿上军训的米彩服,仿佛又回到了大一第一学期时的那段艰苦但快乐充实的军训生活。和军训一样,金工实习不亚于其辛苦,但收获却比其大得多。因为我们收获了专业性的实践知识,更重要的是我们在实践中培养了精益求精的工作态度,还有那种孜孜不倦的求知欲望和合作精神!很难想象在全球60亿人口的庞大发展群体中,每一部分人、每个工业发展中的城镇、每部生产中的器械交互配合工作着,这需要如何高度协作配合的意识啊!我们厂房中的优秀工人,生产出的加工品、器械、零件,或许仅是全球各类商品(物品)少部分整体中的一个不起眼的小部分,没人会去关注这件商品是如何被生产出来的,是被谁生产出来的,但是就是这类无数的小零件小商品,拼构成为人们日常生活、生产、及发展过程中的各类工具,更使得了人类文明技术的传衍,改造甚至是飞跃,人类从一个自给自足的原始封建社会系统中解放出来,成为高度机械生产自动化,高度协助的文明社会!
实习中我们接触了大概10个工种,最使我印象深刻的是第一天的车工加工技术,车工是车床上利用工件的旋转运动和刀具的移动来改变毛胚形状和尺寸,将其加工成所需要零件的一种切削方法。刚看老师指导时感觉蛮简单也蛮好玩的,仿佛轻轻松松就可以加工出自己喜欢的工艺品或优美的弧线,当自己亲自去做的时候,发现总是把铁件加工得“惨不忍睹”,重新作了好几遍才作出自己喜欢并且符合标准的样子,这不仅需要耐心,更重要的还是信心和细心,金工实习过程和学习工科类的书本知识一样,要求的就是工科的“专业”及务实精神!
铣工是我们第二天的实习内容!在铣床上用铣刀对工件进行切削的方法称为铣削。铣削的加工范围很广,可加工平面、台阶、斜面、沟槽、成型面、齿轮以及切断等。这类工种和第一天的车工技术不一样,可以说机械的运动是和车工相反的:车工加工时是所加工物体转动,而加工的的刀具是静止的,要通过手动将刀具移向转动物件加工。而铣工恰恰相反,加工物件的时候是通过转动的刀具移向被静止的物件加工成型的。有了第一天的经验,也由于技术部分相同的道理,铣工技术很快上手,在三人一组配合的情况下,操作起来更加顺利了。可是这种加工技术我们仅实践了一个上午(由于下午英语课的原因),部分型面来不及加工,做好的只是几个表面简单的物件。
第一个星期接下来几天的是cad/rp、数车和数铣技术,和前两天的金工实习内容不一样,这些技术主要是通过电脑网络技术或机器上的电子显屏完成的,既然是一门计算机上的成型加工模拟技术,当然需要接触到操作的工程软件,这或许是除了知识收获外拓宽视野的实践机会。cad/rp主要是用到工程制图的solidwork图形设计软件,我们的工作主要是最大的发挥自己的想象,在计算机上应用辅助软件设计一件自己设想的产品,追求大胆个性新颖的特点,十足开拓了我们的创造空间。而相对cad/rp,数控车削加工和数控铣削加工则更具难度一些,因为在操作机器加工之前需要涉及到加工编程,我们除了要学习其编程语言,编程方式,还要学会把编程的数据导入数控车床和数控铣床中。如果说第一、二天的金工实习操作有些略偏于落后的手工机械生产的话,那么cad/rp、数车和数铣技术就是代表了现代复杂精密机械生产的工种!
第二个星期我们由陆续接触了其他五个工种:线切割、工业安全、热处理、铸造和数控板金。
电火花线切割加工简称“线切割”,是电火花加工的一个分支,它利用移动的细金属丝作为工具电极,在金属丝和工件之间通于脉冲电流,利用脉冲放电的电腐蚀作用对工件进行切割加工,而我们使用的是数控技术来控制工件和金属丝的切割运动,也算是数控线切割加工。
在工业中我们学习了关于物件搬运,工地安全,灭火器的使用以及放火安全等内容,通过老师指导和示范性的学习、观看火灾记录影片的形式,让我们了解了工业安全上的各项基本知识!
热处理让我们了解许多(如通过火花、显微镜、硬度测定)判断各类金属特性及结构的方法;铸造则把我们带到了几千年以前人类加工所沿用的方式,虽然历史悠久,相对现代工业来说过于手工和效率过低化,但这种工种却能加工出现代工业不能加工的一些特殊的工件,在实习这个工种过程中,除了辛苦更多的是一种快乐,仿佛小时侯堆泥土过家家的感觉!最后一个接触到的工种是数控板金,我们加工的是铁板的手机座,虽然实用性不是太大,但是也让我们体会到了这种工种的发展潜力,也是加工工件中最贴近我们日常生活用品的实习经历,以这个来结束我们的金工实习生活,仿佛有着特别的意义,也让我们明白了劳动生产的艰辛、务实和机械工业化的发展文明!
化学专业实践篇十
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化学专业实践篇十一
20xx年7月21日,我们应用化学专业跟随带队老师前往渭南华县陕化复肥厂进行生产实习。在实习的过程中,我们学到了许多在书本上没有学到的东西,让我们学会理论结合实际的方法,同时使我们更进一步地接近社会。以下是我参加生产实习的一些心得体会。
一、实习目的
1、通过本次实习使我能够从理性高度上升到实践高度,更好的实现理论和实践的结为我以后的工作和学习奠定初步的知识。
2、通过理论和实践的结合进一步提高自己的业务水平。
3、提高自己观察、分析和解决问题的实际能力。
4、学习理论结合实践的方法。
二、实习时间
20xx年7月21日————20xx年7月30日
三、实习地点
渭南华县陕化复肥厂
四、实习单位
复肥厂磷酸车间、磷铵车间五、实习主要内容在十天实习的过程中,我学到了许多原先在课本上学不到的东西,而且可以使自己更进一步接近社会。在企业实习过程中,我发现了自己看问题的角度,思考问题的方式也逐渐开拓,这与实践密不可分,在实践过程中,我又一次感受充实,感受成长。
刚进到工厂,工厂的安全员对我们进行了严格的安全教育,使我们提高了安全生产的意识,增加了安全生产知识,以消灭安全事故的苗头,减少安全事故的发生,深刻理解以人为本的核心理念,只有以人为本,才能保证企业的健康快速地发展。
第二天,我们被安排到磷酸车间进行实习,下到生产车间之前,先了解整个磷酸生产的流程,从磷矿筛选,到磷酸萃取工艺,到最后的成品磷酸的生产,对整个车间的生产活动有了基本认识,这对我们熟悉生产流程,进行实务操作打下良好基础。
开始,我们对磷酸的生产除了课本上几个化学方程式几乎一无所知,但下到车间之后,我们不仅了解了生产流程,还进一步了解了磷酸的生产工艺流程和用途,每个月的生产有一定的额度,而且由于季节和温度等条件的限制,工厂的生产量也有相应调整,另外,因为我之前所学专业是应用化工技术,通过对一些流水线的参观,也激发了我对如何通过新流水线的建设,对降低生产成本的思考,于是,感受颇深一点,要做一名合格的设计人员,对基本、基础的作业环节是必须要掌握的,否则,很容易让理论脱离实践。
我们首先参观的是磷酸车间的磷矿石的破碎、筛选,同时深入了解了挤压破碎机等几种破碎机的工作原理。接下来我们跟随工人师傅参观了球磨车间的生产流程,工人师傅详细介绍了球磨机的工作原理。磷酸萃取车间是我们参观实习的重点车间,了解二水磷酸钙的结晶、磷酸的过滤,二水磷酸钙的结晶的工艺指标是形成粗大、稳定的晶体。通过轴流泵将料浆从萃取槽送至负压塔,同时又有部分料浆循环回萃取槽,利用反酸调节液固比,然后加料,料浆在萃取槽中的停留时间为6小时,接下来是洗涤,以滤布为过滤介质,在转盘式过滤机上,借助真空作用使料浆中的磷酸盐透过滤布而与石膏分离,并以并流的洗涤方法吧吸附在石膏上的大量磷酸充分清洗回收。
然后是萃取液的浓缩过程,这个过程很复杂,同时也很重要,所以工人师傅进行了详细讲解,由于浓缩过程的设备都比较高,出于对安全的考虑,我们是在浓缩过程的控制室中进行学习的,其具体过程是,由真空系统(真空泵)提供一个负压,使磷酸进入换热器、闪蒸室,接着是氟的洗涤回收,洗涤2小时,依次是酸洗、碱洗、水洗。最后,是污水处理系统,主要是净化含氟的循环水。
最后几天我们在磷铵车间学习,磷铵车间是以36%—38%d磷酸(pa)为原料生产磷铵的,产品有磷酸一铵,磷酸二胺(dpa),生产方法有料浆法(管式反应器法)、浓缩法和传统法(预中和转鼓氨化粒化)。其中,料浆法的优点是:生产时间短,适用于生产负荷大的。浓缩法适用于磷酸一铵的生产。其生产过程的主要流程为:
5、生产工艺流程
筛分机
h3po4循环酸槽中和造粒斗式液nh3氨蒸发
提升破碎机机包装冷却筛分干燥返料
破碎破碎机
接着,工人师傅向我们介绍了常用的几种换热器,管式换热器、蓄热式换热器、混合式换热器,一般压力容器的附件包括安全阀、压力表、液位计和温度表。利用中和度来检测料浆反应程度,其中影响反应程度的因素主要包括:反应空间、反应时间、搅拌速度和蒸发面积等等。然后我们参观了返料造粒机的生产过程,造粒机的作用是提供造粒表面、吸收料浆水分,然后经过筛分机,小于1mm的颗粒自成粒,较大颗粒经涂布成粒,还有粘结成粒的要经过返料机进入造粒机重新造粒。
生产出来的标准颗粒要符合的养分指标是:水分2。5%—3。0%,粒度2—4mm,从造粒机出来的颗粒要在经过干燥机干燥,使其水分含量符合标准。复肥厂所使用的干燥机是滚筒干燥机,利用热风炉并流加热的原理达到干燥的目的。
造粒机尾气除尘分两步,第一步除尘,第二步洗涤。常见除尘器有三种,重力沉降除尘器、旋风除尘器和文丘里除尘器。
最后,我们参观了磷酸二胺生产的全过程。自此,我们此次在陕化复肥厂的生产实习就结束了。
心得体会
这次实习是我受益匪浅,也有很多心得体会。首先,感受很深的一点是,理论学习是实践的基础,但实际工作于理论的阐述有有很多的不同。实践是真理的检验标准,通过十天的生产实习,我不仅学习了知识,也得到意志上锤炼,有辛酸也有快活,这是我生活中的又一笔可贵的财富,对我以后的学习和工作将有很大的影响。我知道,“实习”是一门实践性的技巧基础课,是每个大学生必须经历的重要必修课。它不仅可以让我们获得了加强了理论接洽实际的锤炼,前进了实践能力。对我们来说,实习是一次很好的学习、锤炼的机会,甚至是我们生活态度的教导的一次机会!
通过本次毕业实习我真正了解到步入社会后我们还有许多知识要学,还有许多需要加强的地方,我们的专业课知识还有许多欠缺的地方,还不能熟练的掌握,我们的动手能力不足等,我知道这不是短时间内能够学会的,这次实习对我的毕业设计也有很大的帮助,在以后的设计过程中我还会学到很多东西。
在此还要感谢带队的各位老师和工人师傅们对我们在生活和学习上的帮助和支持。
化学专业实践篇十二
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化学专业实践篇十三
安排教学实习的基本目的,在于通过理论与实际的结合、学校与社会的沟通,进一步提高学生的思想觉悟,尤其是观察、分析和解决问题的实际工作能力,以便把学生培养成为能够主动适应社会主义现代化建设需要的高素质的复合型人才。具体表现在三个方面:
1 、运用和检验教学成果。运用教学成果,就是把课堂上学到的系统化的理论知识,尝试性地应用于实际工作,并从理论的高度对教育教学工作的现代化提出一些有针对性的建议和设想。检验教学成果,就是看一看课堂教学与实际工作到底有多大距离,并通过综合分析,找出教学中存在的不足,以便为完善教学计划,改革教学内容与方法提供实践依据。
2 、了解和熟悉学校的运行。对师范类专业的本科生来说,实际能力的培养至关重要,而这种实际能力的培养单靠课堂教学是远远不够的,必须从课堂走向实践。
3 、预演和准备就业工作。通过实习,让自己找出自身状况与社会实际需要的差距,并在以后的学习期间及时补充相关知识,为求职与正式工作做好充分的知识、能力准备,从而缩短从校园走向社会的心理转型期。
我于 20xx年10月8日至11月18日在xx市第七中学进行了为期六周的教育实习。在这次实习中我体会到了学生到教师的角色转变,学校到社会的环境转变。不短不长的六个星期实习对我来说是进入职场前的培训,我在这次实习中深切地已经体验到了当一名教师的酸甜苦辣,也更让我体会到当一名教师所肩负的责任。
在这一个多月里,让我尝试了身为一名教师的苦与乐,更让我体会到当一名教师所肩负的责任。在实习期间,我能以教师的身份严格要求自己,为人师表,处处注意自己的言行和仪表,关爱学生,本着对学生负责的态度尽全力做好教学及班主任的每一项工作;同时,作为一名实习生,能够遵守实习学校的规章制度,尊重实习学校领导和老师,虚心听取他们的指导意见,并且和其他实习生一起团结协作完成实习学校布置给我们的任务,很好的塑造了我们广西师范学院化学与生命科学学院的大学生形象,给实习学校留下好的印象。
1、课堂教学工作
(1)听课
按照学校的统一安排,我于10月10日开始了实习生活。这里的老师教学经验丰富,上课语言生动精炼,课堂气氛活跃,这些使我深感压力之大。但是面对压力,我没有选择逃避而是迎接挑战。前一周主要是听课。在此期间,我的工作就是听教师的课——写教案——试讲——修改——试讲,这样反复练习,完善,直到把一节课要讲的内容练到烂熟于心为止。听课期间的认真准备,刻苦钻研,使我真正体会了:“台上十分钟,台下十年功”这句话的深刻内涵。
(2)课堂教学
实习期间,我一共备了六个课时的教案,真正上课是《钠的化合物》、《碱金属元素》四个课时。我的课是属于实验型课,课堂上都有2至3个实验要做。在上第一节课时,我是非常紧张的,手心都会出汗,后来经过自己的自我调节,心情稍有舒缓,上了讲台后紧张感不复存在了,上课都很流畅。我知道学生对化学的兴趣很大部分在于实验,所以课前我都认真做好每一次实验演练,反复练习,直至操作步骤准确以及结果成功。并让学生与自己配合做演示实验。例如“吹气生火”实验,我让一位学生上台用玻璃管往装有过氧化钠的棉花团里吹气,每一个小细节我都强调,并强调学生要注意观察实验现象。我认真对待每一个课,每一次课堂的产生都是非常不易得,都是试讲多次,经带队老师、指导老师同意后才上讲台。由于准备充分,上课思路清晰,课堂气氛活跃,基本达到了教学目的与要求。我没有急于求成,而是稳重有序。每一个知识点我都详细地讲解,针对学生薄弱的地方,比如氧化还原反应,化学方程式的配平,离子方程式的书写这些内容重点复习一下。在上完课后,我会认真听取指导老师和小组成员的点评,也会进行自我反思,
(1) 还不能很好的控制时间,在某些环节用的时间过多。
(2)在课堂知识拓展程度上还需努力。
(3)怎么样把知识点衔接好也是需要我注意的。这些情况反映出自己还需要更多的磨练,还需要积累更多的经验,不断提升自身素质。
化学专业实践篇十四
“化学工程与工艺专业”是工科专业,是与实际生产联系紧密的一个专业。所以我们在本科的四年的学习中,不仅要掌握化工相关的理论知识,跟要理论联系实践,逐渐接触实际的工业生产过程,为将来毕业参加工作打下坚实的基础。这次的认识实习课正是我们面向实践的一地步,让我们实地参观常见机械,了解电工知识和技能,了解工件生产的基本流程。
大二的时候我们已经学习了《化工导论》和《画法几何与工程制图》这两门课,对常见的机械零件(如内外螺纹紧固件、轴、齿轮等)有了一定的了解,但仅仅是停留在书本图片上的认知。此次去材料所的认识实习,让我们对机械设备、机械零件有了立体的、感性的认识。
认识实习的目的是理论联系实际,使课堂的理论教学与生产实践中的机械设备密切结合,使学生加深理解已学过的机械设计方面的基本理论知识;在实习中初步培养学生对机件和机械的感性认识;增强学生读懂复杂图纸的能力;为提高学生的工程设计能力,为下一步专业课程的全面学习打下良好基础。
12月14日,我们来到化院材料科学研究所,展开了约两个小时的“认识实习”课程,王老师是我们此次课程的主讲人。中山大学材料科学研究所成立于1985年,前身是国内第一所abs中试车间。主要研究方向是高分子复合材料及功能材料的应用基础研究和新材料的开发研究;固态变相理论和实验研究;金属和陶瓷功能材料研究;高tc超导材料及超微粉末、非晶等新材料制备技术等。
王老师向我们介绍了金工的三大工种:机床工、钳工和电焊工。其中对机床工、常用机床及钳工做了详细的解析,并亲自向我们演示了车床的车削过程和钳工用锯的方法。我将实习笔记结合网上查找的相关资料,整理如下:
机床工常用机床有车床、铣床、刨床、磨床、钻床等。
我们首先参观的是车床。车床是主要用车刀对旋转的工件进行车削加工的机床,主要用于加工轴、盘、套和其他具有回转表面的工件,是机械制造和修配工厂中使用最广的一类机床。主要组成部件有:主轴箱、交换齿轮箱、进给箱、溜板箱、刀架、尾架、光杠、丝杠、床身、床脚和冷却装置。王老师给我们演示了车床的车削过程,并展示了部分常用车刀。
车床中的一个重要工具是车刀。车刀是用于车削加工的、具有一个切削部分的刀具。车刀的工作部分就是产生和处理切屑的部分,包括刀刃、使切屑断碎或卷拢的结构、排屑或容储切屑的空间、切削液的通道等结构要素。车刀前面的型式多样,主要根据工件材料和刀具材料的性质而定。最简单的是平面型,正前角的平面型适用于高速钢车刀和精加工用的硬质合金车刀,负前角的平面型适用于加工高强度钢和粗切铸钢件的硬质合金车刀。车刀按用途可分为外圆、台肩、端面、切槽、切断、螺纹和成形车刀等,可用于车螺纹、外沿、平面、退刀槽、内圆等。
接下来王老师给我们介绍了铣床(xf6325型)。铣床是用铣刀对工件进行铣削加工的机床。在铣床上可以加工平面(水平面、垂直面)、沟槽(键槽、t形槽、燕尾槽等)、分齿零件(齿轮、花键轴、链轮乖、螺旋形表面(螺纹、螺旋槽)及各种曲面,还能加工比较复杂的型面,效率较刨床高,在机械制造和修理部门得到广泛应用。铣床在工作时,工件装在工作台上或分度头等附件上,铣刀旋转为主运动,辅以工作台或铣头的进给运动,工件即可获得所需的加工表面。实习
接着我们参观的是b650型的牛头刨床。刨床是用刨刀对工件的平面、沟槽或成形表面进行刨削的直线运动机床。使用刨床加工,刀具较简单,技术含量较低,但生产率较低(加工长而窄的平面除外),因而主要用于单件,小批量生产及机修车间,在大批量生产中往往被铣床所代替。在刨床上可以刨削水平面、垂直面、斜面、曲面、台阶面、燕尾形工件、t形槽、v形槽,也可以刨削孔、齿轮和齿条等。我们参观的牛头刨床是用来刨削中、小型工件的刨床,工作长度一般不超过lm。
结束了刨床的介绍,王老师给我们展示了m7120a型磨床。磨床是利用磨具对工件表面进行磨削加工的机床。磨床进行的是精加工。磨床能加工硬度较高的材料,如淬硬钢、硬质合金等;也能加工脆性材料,如玻璃、花岗石。磨床能作高精度和表面粗糙度很小的磨削,如加工镜面;也能进行高效率的磨削,如强力磨削等。我们参观的m7120a型磨床工作部为电动磁铁和砂轮,用于0.01~0.02mm的镜面精加工。很遗憾的是,由于磨床的砂轮可能存在裂纹,工作时有爆裂危险,出于安全考虑老师没有现场开机演示。
王老师最后给我们展示的机床是钻床(z32k型)。钻床指主要用钻头在工件上加工孔的机床。通常钻头旋转为主运动,钻头轴向移动为进给运动。
化学专业实践篇十五
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化学专业实践篇十六
生产实习是学校为锻炼本科生能力,让我们能更好的与社会相适应而组织的大三本科生的生产实践活动。接到要去生产实习的通知后,我很高兴,并积极联系,终于将实习地点定在大庆油田水处理与化学研究所。这是因为:首先,水化室的主要工作是油田水处理,化学剂量开发及检验,和我们的专业有一定的关系;其次,我们的课程当中并未涉及到有关水生细菌的详细知识,在这里进行生产实习可以扩展这方面的知识;我们在实验中所学习的操作方法可以得到应用基于以上几方面的原因,我选择在水处理所开始我的生产实习。
水处理与化学研究所隶属于大庆油田工程设计开发有限公司,原名大庆油田建设设计水处理及油田化学研究室(水化室)位于黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区油田设计院。多年来研制出原油破乳剂、油田清防蜡剂、油田防蜡剂、原油降粘剂、原油消泡剂、污水絮凝剂、防垢剂、缓蚀剂等12个系列40余种油田化学剂。
该所现有高中级职称的专业人才32人,博士2人,硕士8人。xx年通过了国家级计量认证。同年与哈尔滨工业大学强强联合,成立了哈尔滨工业大学环境科学与工程大庆研发中心。拥有研究仪器设备100多台(套),其中进口设备占60%实验室总面积为3000平方米。微生物实验室,可进行菌种培养驯化分离。拥有国内规模装备最为先进的三次采油实验室,可进行各种除油及过滤工艺和设备试验可自动合成的高压聚合反应实验室。
由于我的实习时间只有三个星期,故在刘老师的安排下对srb做些认知性的实习,以下为我的主要实习内容
大致了解实验室自xx年开始启动的srb抑制课题的一些工艺原理流程
硫酸盐还原菌(srb)是导致大庆油田地面系统产生硫化物从而造成设备腐蚀、滤料污染等危害的根源;实验室立足于微生物生态抑制,改变以往追求杀灭srb数量的目的,转而以抑制srb活性为目的,是大庆油田系统控制srb危害的新方法,可降低生产运行成本
本研究采用的折流板反应器有7个单元格,每个单元格长*宽*高=9。5cm*12cm*42cm,有效体积4。4l,单元格内装1/3高度的活性污泥。反应器上部为排气孔,排气孔的导气管伸到水封瓶液面以下,保持整个系统厌氧状态。
水箱中的水通过泵泵入反应器,以推流形式流过各单元格,并从反应器流出。
反应器的启动与运行
将含有大量的硫酸盐还原菌的厌氧污泥,接种到反应器中;
现阶段,反应器进水为配制的模拟水,在自来水中加入碳源(白糖)、硫酸钠、少量复合肥,用碳酸氢钠调节碱度;浓度:cod=1800mg/l,so42-=600mg/l左右;进水流量46l/d, 每个单元格水力停留时间(hrt)=2。3hr
一、微生物镜下观察
g氏染色
步骤为:涂片→固定→结晶紫色染色→水洗→碘液媒染→水洗→酒精脱色→番红复染→水洗→干燥→观察。
涂片 与单染色法相同。
固定 与单染色法相同。
结晶紫染色 染色1分钟,然后水洗并用吸水纸吸干。
碘液媒染 染色1分钟,然后水洗并吸干。
酒精脱色 用95%酒精脱色,直到酒精不出现紫色时即停止(大约半分钟),然后立即水洗,并吸干。
番红复染 染色3分钟左右,然后水洗并吸干。
镜检 在显微镜油镜头下观察,菌体显蓝紫色的为革兰氏阳性菌;菌体显红色的为革兰氏阴性菌。
srb为革兰氏阴性菌(具体操作中由于番红变质几次实验结果均不理想)
二、厌氧型为生物的培养(srb和dnb的富集)
1。srb菌
采用
hungate厌氧操作技术、绝迹稀释法(mpn)以及“滚管”培养对样本进行分离,多次纯化获得纯菌株srb。
具体方法:向改良后starkey培养基(k2hpo4 0。5g,nh4ci 1。0g ,na2so4 10g ,caci22h2o 0。1g ,mgso47h2o 2。0g,酵母膏 6。0g ,60%的乳酸钠溶液 6ml,蒸馏水1000 ml,ph=7。8)中加入0。2%的刃天青溶液,培养基煮沸后,加入l-半光盐酸盐0。5g,通入高纯氮气驱氧30min,121℃灭菌20min,固体培养基加入16%的琼脂糖。
单独配 3%的feso4(nh4)2 so4 厌氧
srb菌株于液体培养基中37℃培养48h 后, 在olympus cover-018光学显微镜下革兰氏染色观察。
2。dnb菌
方法同srb菌,ph值最好在7,
药品:
(nh4 ) 2so4 3 g, kcl 0。1 g, k2hpo4 0。5 g, m gso47h2o 0。5g,
ca (no3 )2 0。01 g, feso47h2o 8。0 g, 蒸馏水1 000 ml
121℃灭菌15 m in。
恒温摇床培养箱振荡培养
由于此项操作开始时间较晚,至实习结束,菌落还未完成一个完整周期的培养。
三、水生细菌的计数
血球板计数法
取样:先清洗一个容量为100毫升的取样瓶或烧杯。取样前轻轻振荡试管搅拌,待分布均匀后,立即用注射器针管(无菌)取样,取样的量为1毫升。加蒸馏水100倍稀释。
样品放于计数板:放置前必须将血球计数板和盖玻片清洗干净、擦干,不能有油污染和杂质。将血球计数板平放在桌子上,盖好盖玻片;然后把样品瓶轻轻摇动几下,菌分布均匀,并立即用干净的微吸管取样品,迅速把微细吸管放到盖玻片的边缘处,轻压微细吸管的橡皮帽,使样品流入计数板内。注意控制样品流入量,不能过多,过多则流入到沟内;也不能过少,过少则计数时不准确(计数后的数量一般偏少),应充满画线方格及其周边部分。还应注意盖玻片下不能有气泡存在,否则会造成计数不准确。样品吸入血球计数板后,稍停1分钟,待细菌沉降在玻片表面上再在显微镜下进行计数。
化学专业实践篇十七
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