最新焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?(十二篇)
在当下这个社会中,报告的使用成为日常生活的常态,报告具有成文事后性的特点。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的报告呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的最新报告范文,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。
焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇一
哈尔滨哈锅锅炉工程技术有限公司系哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司的股份制公司,以电站锅炉、工业锅炉、余热锅炉、压力容器和环保设备等产品为主的,集设计、制造、安装、调试和备件制造、维修改造一条龙服务为一体的现代化电站、石化成套公司。20xx年改扩建后搬迁至哈尔滨经济技术开发区,建立了功能齐全、设备先进的装备制造业生产基地。
20xx0年的1月4日,我离开了生活了2年的哈尔滨职业技术学院;来到了哈锅锅炉工程技术有限公司实习,回顾这将近半年的实习,有过欢笑有过泪水,酸甜苦辣尽在心头。在这一年脱离学校的锻炼中,我在社会中不断努力渐渐得以立足,并得到了最快速的成长。
首先我们了解了锅炉压力容器
锅炉制造流程:下料--加工成型--焊接--探伤--水压试验--涂漆--包装发送。
现场安全须知:
①进入生产现场前,请与有业务关系的部门联系,在获得接待单位的安全告知和接待单位的允许情况下,方可进入生产现场。
②饮酒醉酒后,不能进入各生产现场。
③不能穿凉拖,高跟鞋,打赤膊,穿短裤裙子进入生产现场④进入生产现场需要戴上安全帽,并在指定的安全通道内行走。
⑤进入生产现场后,不能流动吸烟,不能随地乱仍其他物品⑥进入生产现场后,不能擅自开动,搬移,操作各类设备,不能指挥生产现场和各类操作人员作业。
电站锅炉的主要受热面:水冷壁,作用是构成锅炉炉膛,强化传热,锅炉主要蒸发受热面和高热负荷区域。特点是辐射换热,大容量锅炉主要采用膜式水冷壁,采用的材料为无缝钢管,内螺纹管,过热器分为顶棚过热器,包墙,屏式,高温低温过热器。作用为提高空气温度,提高蒸汽的焓值,提高做功能力,特点为,分为许多及,有温度调节器,辐射对流传热。材料一般用合金钢管。在热器,作用为将做功后的乏汽引回锅炉,在较低的压力下加热高温,提高循环热效率,特点是蒸汽调节温度,辐射对流,分类为高温,低温在热器。省煤器作用为利用尾部烟气的温度加热给水,从而降低排烟的温度。预热器作用为加热燃烧空气,降低排烟的温度,提供制粉系统干燥的介质。分为回转式(300mw以上)和管枪式(200mw以下)汽包作用为汽水分离,蒸汽净化,维持水循环,重要受压元件。其他部件:集箱(作用混合工质,减少温度偏差,控制各受热面管子间工质流量分配,控制壁温。)启动分离器(只有超超临界锅炉才有),钢结构,连接管。一种新材料、新工艺应用于生产前,需对其可行性进行全面的分析和评估,并进行相应的工艺试验以总结合理的焊接工艺。
锅炉中用到的材料种类很多,从碳素钢到低合金结构钢、耐热钢、高合金耐热钢及奥氏体不锈钢:碳素钢(20、q235a、sa-106a等).低合金结构钢(16mn,20mnmo,bhw35等).耐热钢,珠光体耐热钢(15crmo、12cr1mov、sa-213t12等),贝氏体耐热钢(sa-213t23,12cr2mowvtib等),马氏体耐热钢(sa-213t91,sa-213t92等),奥氏体不锈钢(sa-213tp347,super304,hr3c等)
同种钢焊接材料选用碳素钢、低合金高强高(如20g),有再热裂纹倾向的钢种(如t23),承受动载荷热疲劳的结构,对拘束度较大的结构,难以进行预热、后热和焊后热处理的构件考虑产品的使用条件和使用要求焊接耐热钢考虑高温性能(如t91、t92)
焊接不锈钢(附件考虑抗氧化性、腐蚀性,受压件还应考虑高温强度、铁素体含量等)(如super304、hr3c)抗大气、海水腐蚀等材料考虑其耐腐蚀性(如tp347)。不同强度等级的铁素体类钢之间的焊接特点是,线膨胀系数接近,导热系数相差不大,消除应力热处理后的残余应力和高温运行的热应力不大。主要考虑工作时应力平滑过渡、组织稳定,选用成分和强度介于两者之间(如12cr1mov+15crmo,t23+t91)。奥氏体钢与铁素体类钢之间的焊接特点:化学成分、金相组织、物理性能等方面存在较大差异(热膨胀系数,导热系数)存在的问题:熔合区化学成分的稀释(马氏体带的产生)、碳的迁移(碳在α-fe中的活度比在γ-fe中的活度大,γ-fe中的溶解度大于α-fe中的溶解度,软化带的产生)、残余应力较大(物理性能差异较大)等。受压件焊接时,一般采用镍基焊接材料,可防止软化带产生,残余应力减小(镍基的热膨胀系数与碳钢和合金钢相近,且塑性好,强度高,能充分吸收应力,从而增大接头的抗变形能力)如sa-213tp347h/hr3c+t91/t23/t92等。受压件与附件焊接时,为防止过渡层对受压件的影响,可选用与受压件匹配的焊接材料,但也要考虑使用条件,如在高温段使用的部件,考虑到抗氧化性,一般靠附件选材。
在这次顶岗实习中我还学习到了徐福哦焊接质量检测的一些基础知识。射线照相的探伤原理为,厚度为t毫米的物体中有厚度为δt毫米的缺陷时,x射线透过无缺陷部位的底片的黑度为d,而x射线透过有缺陷部位的底片黑度应为d+δd。把这种曝过光的胶片在暗室中经过显影、定影、水洗和干燥。再将底片在观片灯上观察,根据底片上有缺陷部位与无缺陷部位的黑度图象不一样,就可判断出缺陷的种类、数量、大小等结构内部的信息。这就是射线照相探伤的原理。底片可以获得缺陷的投影图象,缺陷定性定量准确,体积型缺陷检出率很高,而面积型缺陷的检出率受到多种因素影响适宜检验厚度较薄的工件而不适宜较厚的工件。除此之外还有超声波检测,磁粉检测,渗透检测等。
此次实习时间虽然很短,但却获益匪浅。通过车间和实验室的参观,以及讲座,我了解到了产品的生产流程是由生产工艺流转卡、wi、wps等等控制的。了解了各种焊接设备如先进的12头mpm,自动热丝tig焊机,龙门焊机,埋弧焊机,二氧化碳保护焊,氩弧焊,窄间隙热丝tig焊,还有各种加工弯曲设备,如小r挤压机,顶墩弯管机,火焰数控切割机等,以及各种焊接缺陷检测方法如射线,超声,磁粉等,把书本上有的和实际结合了起来,此次实习还了解了各种材料性能检测设备,如拉伸,弯曲,冲击设备。化学分析方法如光电直读光谱仪(原子发射光谱),红外碳分析仪,氮氧分析仪,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪。以及药芯焊丝,实心焊条生产流程。还了解了工厂的管理,安全理念,以及工厂文化。
我坚信通过实习,虽没有完成老师给与我们的任务,但我竭尽所能做到尽可能完成任务。这段时间中获得的实践经验使我终身受益,并会在我毕业后的实际工作中不断地得到印证,我会持续地理解和体会实习中所学到的知识,期望在未来的工作中把学到的理论知识和实践经验不断的应用到实际工作中来,充分展示我的个人价值和人生价值,为实现自我的理想和光明的前程而努力。
以上是我对生产实习工作的总结,总结是为了寻找差距、修订目标,是为了今后更好的提高。通过不断的总结,不断的提高,我有信心在未来的工作中更好的完成任务。作为一名大学生,我们必须学好专业知识,为自己、为祖国的将来做贡献。
焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇二
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焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇三
光阴似箭,转眼间临近毕业。那时感觉理论这么简单,想必操作起来也并不难,但事实却并非如此。当我来到工作岗位时,才发现理论与实践的结合并非易事。于是,我在将理论知识学习之后,终于迈进了咱们期望已久的“实战”中。
当我踏入工作岗位后,首先给咱们讲的就是安全问题。在现场如果忽视了安全问题就很容易发生公伤事故,当然承受痛苦的也是自己。因此,咱们每天上班集合时都会一起喊口号:“安全第一”。为的就是要告诫咱们自己不论做什么事都要三思而后行,更不要完全依靠自己的感觉和经验做事。
1、简单了解焊工的工作原理及其工作方式;
2、学会正确的焊接,并能正确使用一种焊接工件方式。
在实习过程中,我从技术,团队合作,专业素质等方面都有了极大的收获 。从技术方面来说,这次实习给了一次我将所学知识进行运用来解决实际问题的机会,在实习过程中,许多原来并不熟练的知识逐渐被清晰的理解,许多原来没有重视的方面也得到了巩固,更在发现及解决问题的过程中学习到了不少新东西,在课本中所提到的技术要求之外,我在以下几个方面我有了比较深的体会:
1、是由于是同组合作,所以在实习程中团队精神就尤为重要,首先要拟订准确的计划,分工明确,在工作过程中咱们不但要做好自己的工作,还要考虑同组人的工作,尽量要为别人带来便利。小组成员的合作很重要,小组的气氛很大程度上影响工作的进度。
2、是在实习前一定要及时预习相关理论知识,在实习过程中要细心,避免由于方法错误而造成的错误和误差。并做到步步有检核”这样做不但可以防止误差的积累,及时发现错误,更可以提高工作的效率
3、是焊接过程中的计算必须要非常仔细,因为没一个小错误都可能导致整体的'错误,误差的检验也是很重要的,一切数据都必须控制在可允许的范围内。
通过实习,让我学到了很多实实在在的东西,很大程度上提高了动手和动脑的能力,同时也拓展了与同学的交际、合作的能力。一项工作要完整的做完,有时单单靠一个人的力量和构思是远远不够的,只有小组的合作和团结才能让实习快速而高效的完成。
1、简介:焊接,就是用热能或者压力,或者两者同时使用,并且用或不用填充材料,将两个工件连接在一起的工作方法。
2、焊接种类:钎焊、氧—乙炔焊、co2保护焊、氩弧焊、手工电弧焊。
3、安全操作:
1)防触电:工作前要检查焊接机接地是否良好;检查焊钳电缆是否良好。
2)防弧光灼伤和烫伤:电弧光含有大量的紫外线和红外线以及强烈的可见光,可对眼睛和皮肤有刺激作用,焊接过的共建不要用手触摸,敲击焊渣时,要用力适当,注意方向。
3)防护用品:电焊面罩、皮手套、胶底鞋。
4)设备的安全,交流的弧焊机。焊钳不要放在工体上或者工作台上,以免短路烧坏焊机。工作中,如发现高热现象或焦臭味,立即停止工作,关掉电源。
4、工艺:
1)引弧:接触法。轻轻接触,迅速提起2—4mm。
2)运条:把握好焊条角度,基本上垂直于工件,而向前进放行倾斜5—15度。前进速度要缓慢,均匀且呈直线状。
3)结尾段弧形,降温,在引弧。
交流电焊机和直流电焊机的大致结构及应用。
(1) 电焊条的规格、组成和作用。
(2) 手工电弧焊的工作原理、特点、种类及应用范围。
(3) 平焊的过程、引弧、运条稳弧的方法。
(4) 常见焊缝的缺陷及产生原因。
(5) 焊接安全技术。
手工电弧焊引弧、 平焊、 气焊火焰的调节极其应用、 气焊、气割。
在我已开始所接触到的这些工种里面,焊工是最轻松的活。因为咱们可以不必像前几次那样站着工作,咱们可以带上专用的皮手套等,坐在工作台前一本正经的学习焊工技术。当然,这也是一门学问,而且,学问很大。焊接的技术很宽泛,而咱们学习的只是平焊一种,也就是最简单最基础的焊接技术。但就算如此,也是困难重重。那小小的焊条,仿佛就是跟你过意不去一半,有时候已经接触了工件,却偏偏不无法引起电弧,左右折腾半天,仍然不知所措。有时候,好容易弄出来火花了,拿着焊条一路顺利的焊接了下去,摘下帽子一看,全傻了眼了,不知道焊的是什么,全变形了,这就是老师所说的掌握不住高度和速度的问题,也就是经验不够。当然,焊工最重要的还是安全问题。因为它的高温,一不小心就触伤了皮肤,也因为它的电弧光,对眼睛的伤害相当严重。通过这次实习,我主要总结了以下几点经验:
1、实习是咱们学习期间的非常重要一部分,通过实习使我对专业知识有了更进一步的掌握,使我的理论知识和生产实践相结合,把知识应用与实践,在实践中巩固知识,为要走上工作岗位的咱们能更快地适应自己的工作做好的铺垫。
2、通过实习,咱们要切实了解现实工作与在学校理论学习的不同思路,不同方法,咱们要以新的面貌、新的姿态、新的思维方式,最快地融入工作,适应工作的要求。
3、实习的过程中,我不仅要看到理论与现实的差距,更要看到它们的联系,看到两者的重要性,我不能放弃任何一个,咱们不能放弃理论,反而要在现场工作中加强理论学习。
4、认识到严格服从领导指挥,按时上下班,坚守岗位和敬业精神的重要性,为以后的工作打下良好基础。
实践是学习生活的第二课堂,是知识常新和发展的源泉,是检验真理的试金石,也是锻炼成长的有效途径。一个人的知识和能力只有在实践中才能发挥作用,才能得到丰富、完善和发展。想要快速成长,就要勤于实践,将所学的理论知识与实践相结合一起,在实践中继续学习,不断总结。
七
在实习期间我有很深的感触,,让我提前体验到不易,获得了课堂里边得不到也想不到的知识,也许将来不会走上这个岗位,但是现在所学的知识和感受却是终生难忘。虽然脏点累点,这些都无所谓,重要的是咱们有了收获、也有了成果。
在以后的工作中,更多的是需要我自己去观察、学习。不具备这项能力就难以胜任未来的挑战。随着科学的迅猛发展,新技术的广泛应用,会有很多领域是我未曾接触过的,只有敢于去尝试才能有所突破,有所创新。就像我接触到的焊工,虽然它的危险性很大,但是要求每个同学都要去操作而且要做出成品,这样就锻炼了大家敢于尝试的勇气。另外看似简单的拆装焊接,都需要咱们细心观察,反复实践,失败了就从头再来,培养了咱们一种挫折感等等。这次实习带给咱们的,不全是咱们所接触到的那些操作技能,也不仅仅是通过几项工种
所要求咱们锻炼的几种能力,更多的则需要咱们每个人在实习结束后根据自己的情况去感悟,去反思,勤时自勉,有所收获,使这次实习达到了他的真正目的。
在实习过程中,我真的明白了许多,许多在学校掌握不到的东西,我非常幸运我能得到那么有效的实习。实习让久在课堂的我切身的感受到作为一名工人的苦与乐,同时检验了自己所学的知识。实习工作更让我深深地体会 到人生的意义——世间无难事,只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针!
总之,经过这次的实习,让我深深的体会到理论与实际的差距,更重要的是,要懂得怎么去处理好人际关系,这也是自己学习和发展的桥梁。
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焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇五
1、熟悉焊接方法的种类,熟悉钢材、铸铁、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金等金属材料的焊接方法。
2、熟悉焊接的有关设备,熟悉焊接材料及选用。
3、初步掌握手工电弧焊、气焊、钎焊等焊接方法。4、初步掌握气焊、手工钎焊工艺设计、焊接结构工艺设计。
仓库货架制作(规格:2.00m*1.65m*0.50m,数量:10个)
5m钢卷尺1把,刚角尺、鳄鱼钳2把、电焊面罩、护腿、电焊手套。 理
9kva交流电焊机(包括电焊钳、电缆线)。
石笔、ф2.5电焊条。
1、看实习图纸(见附图)。计算角铁45条
2、根据图纸,用切割机将角钢切成所需尺寸。切割时注意:
①角铁标准长度为6m,这时将一条角铁均分为3段,1.99m/段;货架焊成后加上角铁厚度刚好长2m,如果下料时2m/段,剩下的第3段就不足2m,造成材料浪费,产品不符要求;10个货架,需1.99m/段角铁共80段,一共角铁27条,余2m,可均分为4段为货架宽度所需;
②下1.65m料时,将一条角铁均分为3段,1.65m/段,剩下1m刚好分2段,0.5m/段,为货架宽度所需;10个货架,需1.65m/段角铁共40段,一共角铁14条,其中13条余1m,可均分为2段为货架宽度所需;另1条余4.35m,可均分为8段为货架宽度所需;
③10个货架,需0.50m/段角铁共80段,综合①、②共有8 26 4=38段,还需0.50m/段材料42段,即需整条角铁4条,其中3条每条均分为12段,0.49m/段,另一条分6段后余3m;
④将0.50m/段和0.49m/段角铁注意分开摆放,0.49m/段用于货架中层,不影响货架尺寸。
3、将1.65m/段、1.99m/段材料各2段按图纸尺寸,摆为货架支柱,上下层横档;注意对角线长度相等。先电焊,尺寸无误后满焊。
4、按图纸尺寸焊上中层2横档,这样货架一侧就完成了。
5、以第1个支架(货架一侧)为“模板”,完成其它支架。
6、焊货架短横档,注意两侧角度垂直。
货架制作应该是最简单的金属焊接——基本只有平焊,当然在不翻动货架的情况下,可以练习立焊、仰焊。制作过程中要注意材料计算,避免浪费。因为电焊弧光含有强烈的紫外线等,对眼睛、皮肤产生灼伤,所以电焊作业千万注意:带面罩、穿较厚的棉工作服、电焊手套、护腿等;做好劳动保护。
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焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇七
1、熟悉焊接方法的种类,熟悉钢材、铸铁、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金等金属材料的焊接方法。
2、熟悉焊接的有关设备,熟悉焊接材料及选用。
3、初步掌握手工电弧焊、气焊、钎焊等焊接方法。4、初步掌握气焊、手工钎焊工艺设计、焊接结构工艺设计。
仓库货架制作(规格:2.00m*1.65m*0.50m,数量:10个)
5m钢卷尺1把,刚角尺、鳄鱼钳2把、电焊面罩、护腿、电焊手套。
9kva交流电焊机(包括电焊钳、电缆线)。
石笔、ф2.5电焊条。
货架制作应该是最简单的金属焊接——基本只有平焊,当然在不翻动货架的情况下,可以练习立焊、仰焊。制作过程中要注意材料计算,避免浪费。因为电焊弧光含有强烈的紫外线等,对眼睛、皮肤产生灼伤,所以电焊作业千万注意:带面罩、穿较厚的棉工作服、电焊手套、护腿等;做好劳动保护。
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焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇十
1、熟悉焊接方法的种类,熟悉钢材、铸铁、铝及铝合金、铜及铜合金等金属材料的焊接方法,工厂焊接实习报告。
2、熟悉焊接的有关设备,熟悉焊接材料及选用。
3、初步掌握手工电弧焊、气焊、钎焊等焊接方法。4、初步掌握气焊、手工钎焊工艺、焊接结构工艺设计。
仓库货架制作(规格:2.00m*1.65m*0.50m,数量:10个)
5m钢卷尺1把,刚角尺、鳄鱼钳2把、电焊面罩、护腿、电焊手套。
9kva交流电焊机(包括电焊钳、电缆线)。
石笔、ф2.5电焊条。
1、看实习图纸。计算角铁45条
2、根据图纸,用切割机将角钢切成所需尺寸。切割时注意:
①角铁标准长度为6m,这时将一条角铁均分为3段,1.99m/段;货架焊成后加上角铁厚度刚好长2m,如果下料时2m/段,剩下的第3段就不足2m,造成材料浪费,产品不符要求;10个货架,需1.99m/段角铁共80段,一共角铁27条,余2m,可均分为4段为货架宽度所需;
②下1.65m料时,将一条角铁均分为3段,1.65m/段,剩下1m刚好分2段,0.5m/段,为货架宽度所需;10个货架,需1.65m/段角铁共40段,一共角铁14条,其中13条余1m,可均分为2段为货架宽度所需;另1条余4.35m,可均分为8段为货架宽度所需;
③10个货架,需0.50m/段角铁共80段,综合①、②共有8 26 4=38段,还需0.50m/段材料42段,即需整条角铁4条,其中3条每条均分为12段,0.49m/段,另一条分6段后余3m;
④将0.50m/段和0.49m/段角铁注意分开摆放,0.49m/段用于货架中层,不影响货架尺寸,实习报告《工厂焊接实习报告》。
3、将1.65m/段、1.99m/段材料各2段按图纸尺寸,摆为货架支柱,上下层横档;注意对角线长度相等。先电焊,尺寸无误后满焊。
4、按图纸尺寸焊上中层2横档,这样货架一侧就完成了。
5、以第1个支架(货架一侧)为“模板”,完成其它支架。
6、焊货架短横档,注意两侧角度垂直。
货架制作应该是最简单的金属焊接——基本只有平焊,当然在不翻动货架的情况下,可以练习立焊、仰焊。制作过程中要注意材料计算,避免浪费。因为电焊弧光含有强烈的紫外线等,对眼睛、皮肤产生灼伤,所以电焊作业千万注意:带面罩、穿较厚的棉工作服、电焊手套、护腿等;做好劳动保护。
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焊接实训报告200字 焊接实训报告?篇十二
在 20xx-2011 学年的学习中,我们接触了本专业的相关专业 课以及学科前沿知识,这使得我们对本专业有了进一步了解。而实习作为一个重要的教学环节,可以使我们接触到更多课本以外 的东西,让我们课堂上所学的理论知识同生产实际结合起来。因此,实习可以让我们更好的理解和掌握理论知识, 为以后的工作、 学习都打下坚实的基础。
由于本专业主要学习内容为焊接领域的各种理论知识,包括 焊接方法、焊接工艺等,因此,今年的暑期实习也主要和焊接有 关,包括压力容器的制造、油气管道的制造、换热设备的生产等。 另外,由于本校的石油特色,我们还参观学习了各种油井装备的 制造工艺及方法,比如井控装备的制造、钻杆的生产以及抽油机 的制造等。这些实习均让我们受益匪浅,让我们深刻了解了工程 机械的实际生产工艺及过程,巩固了所学理论知识,为以后的实 际工作奠定了坚实的基础。
1. 巩固理论知识,将所学理论知识同生产实际结合起来,以 便更好的理解和掌握所学知识,为以后更好的工作和学习打下坚 实的基础。
2. 了解工程机械的实际生产工艺及过程, 以便提前熟悉实际 工作对大学生的要求,在以后的学习中就可以有的放矢地去学 习,这样就可以更快地熟悉和掌握以后的实际工作。
3. 接触和了解各种焊接工艺及其相关操作, 了解各种焊接工 艺及方法的特点和应用场合。
4. 接触和了解各种焊缝焊接质量的检测、 检验方法以及焊接 质量的评价准则,了解材料的焊接性的试验方法。
5. 通过实习,还可以让我们提前了解各个企业,熟悉它们的 企业文化,为以后更加方便的找工作打下良好的基础。
6. 实习还可以提高我们的团结协作能力,在实习中互相照 顾,锻炼了我们待人接物的能力以及与人交流的技能。
1. 严格遵守时间安排,不准迟到早退;
2. 不准穿凉鞋,背心,短裤等;
3. 女生必须戴帽子,不准穿裙子,短裤等;
4. 听从老师安排,注意安全,不准随处走动。
1. 7 月 5 日至 7 月 7 日,山东齐鲁石化机械制造有限公司;
2. 7 月 9 日,胜利钢管厂;
3.7月9号:撰写实习报告
1. 齐鲁石化机械制造有限公司:
山东齐鲁石化机械制造有限公司(原中国石化集团齐鲁石油 化工公司机械厂) ,始建于 1973 年,是集压力容器制造、冷旋压 封头、铁路罐车的制修、内燃机车修理、塑料模具加工等为一体 的中石化骨干机械制造企业,也是我国主要的压力容器和冷旋压 封头生产基地之一。该公司位于淄博临淄,现有员工 800 多人, 各类专业技术人员 200 余名,其中高级职称 30 人,中级职称 90 人;公司固定资产 1.83 亿元,厂区占地面积 450 余亩,建筑面积 12 万平方米;工艺装备先进,技术力量雄厚,已拥有德国进口的 封头旋压机组、卷制设备、先进的焊接设备和金加工设备、无损 检测和理化检验设备、大型微机温控退火炉、机车修理和实验专 用设备、铁路罐车检修生产线等,具有较强的综合生产实力。目 前,年生产压力容器 10000 吨;冷旋封头 3000 吨;塑料模具加 工 100 套的能力。正在投资扩大高压设备的生产能力,进一步发 展核心业务,带动其它业务的扩张,使之形成规模化、集约化的 生产经营格局。
所谓压力容器,是指内部或外部承受气体或液体压力、并对 安全性有较高要求的密封容器。而根据容器压力与容积乘积大 小、介质危害程度以及容器的作用,可以将压力容器分为以下三 类:
(1)第三类压力容器:
具有下列情况之一的,为第三类压力容器:
a.高压容器;
b.中压容器(仅限毒性程度为极度和高度危害介质) ;
c.中压储存容器(仅限易燃或毒性程度为中度危害介质,且 pv 乘积大于等于 10mpa·m3) ;
d、中压反应容器(仅限易燃或毒性程度为中度危害介质, 且 pv 乘积大于等于 0.5mpa·m3) ;
e、低压容器(仅限毒性程度为极度和高度危害介质,且 pv 乘积大于等于 0.2mpa·m3) ;
f.高压、中压管壳式余热锅炉;
g.中压搪玻璃压力容器; h.使用强度级别较高的材料制造的压力容器; (指响应标准 中抗拉强度规定值下限≥540mpa)
i.移动式压力容器包括:铁路罐车(介质为液化气体、低温 液体) 、罐式汽车[液化气体运输(半挂)车、低温液体运输(半 挂)车、永久气体运输(半挂)车]和罐式集装箱(介质为液化气 体、低温液体等)
j.球形储罐(容积大于等于 50m3)
k.低温液体储存容器(容积大于 5m3)
(2)第二类压力容器:
具有下列情况之一的,为第二类压 力容器。
a、中压容器;
b.低压容器(仅限毒性程度为极度和高度危害介质) ;
c. 低压反应容器和低压储存容器 (仅限易燃介质或毒性程度 为中度危害介质) ;
d.低压管壳式余热锅炉;
e.低压搪玻璃压力容器。
(3)第一类压力容器:
除上述规定以外的低压容器为第一 类压力容器。 生产压力容器需要拥有容器制造资格证(简称资质) ,并且 要每隔一段时间就要进行一次重新认证。 在齐鲁石化机械制造有限公司的压力容器生产中,最重要的 生产工艺环节就是对压力容器的焊接。其最广泛采用的焊接方法 为单双丝窄间隙埋弧自动焊。与其他焊接方法相比,单双丝窄间 隙埋弧自动焊具有自动控制、填充量少、热输入少、焊接接头质 量好等优点。 另外, 该厂还拥有小孔自动堆焊机, 可对内径 50mm、 2.4m 长的管完成堆焊;其深孔焊可以对距表面 200mm,直径 60mm 的孔进行内部焊接,并且这是该厂的专利技术;对于管头 的焊接中,常采用管头自动焊机来自动完成焊接;对换热管与管 板的焊接,则多用 tig 焊。