北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字(14篇)
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?下面是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇一
故宫位于北京市城区中心,是明、清两代的皇宫,是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国礼貌无价的历史见证。1987年,北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。
北京故宫有很多古老的殿,有太和殿、中和殿、保和殿……
此刻我们来到了故宫中最重要的院落——太和殿及其广场,那里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方。太和殿象征皇权的至高无上,太和殿俗称金銮殿,是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作。太和殿始建于公元1420年,当时叫奉天殿。之后,该叫皇极殿。清顺治皇帝登基后,重修三大殿,并将皇极殿改为太和殿。
太和殿高装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺。殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶,就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的,总之处处显示“第一”,那是皇帝认为“老子天下第一”思想的体现。
好!那里能够拍远处太和殿的全景,各位能够在此留个影。
各位朋友,北京故宫到处都有美丽的景色说也说不尽,期望你们细细游赏、拍照。可是要注意不要乱扔垃圾那些,祝你们玩得开心!
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇二
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北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇三
来自世界各地的游客们,你们好!欢迎来到“世界遗产”之北京故宫,我是来自河北的袁导游,下面我就带大家去细细游赏一番吧。
中国明清两代的皇宫,又称紫禁城,地点位于北京城中心。开始建造与明永乐四年至十八年,也就是现在说的1406年至1420年,后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修改,变成富丽堂皇,但仍保持着原来的布局和规模,是世界上保存的最完整、规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。
我们说完了北京故宫的历史,现在该说说外观和排列顺序了吧!
这座城设四个门,南门正中面是午门、北边是神武门、东为东华门、西为西华门,四门各建有重檐庑殿顶门楼。这座城的四个角都还布有一些结构精巧、外观秀丽的角楼。外面的墙有10米多高呢!还有护城河宽52米,够宽的吧!长3800米,整个建筑群按南北中间的中轴线为对称布局,层次分明,主次有序。
听完了一以上那些,你应该对北京故宫有些了解了吧!可能你还不知道吧,连皇帝的住所都是那么井井有条!
文化殿,武英殿是面阔九间的但檐歇山顶建筑。文化殿是皇帝听大臣讲书的地方,武英殿是皇帝吃饭、居住和召见大臣的地方。后三宫、东西六宫和乾清宫和坤宁宫通直御花园。坤宁宫和乾清宫是内廷的正殿、正寝,是皇帝、太后和皇后的正式居住场所,平均面积宽九间,为重檐庑殿顶。
前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群,占地面积有达8.5万平方米,是宫城的12%,后三宫则为前三殿的25%,期于宫殿依次递减,主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位,已被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。
怎么样,对我袁导游的介绍还满意吗?如果不满意,请多多指教,好让我步步高升啊!
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇四
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北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇五
大家好,我是小黄,是你们的导游,你们可以叫我黄导游。今天我要带大家去游览故宫。
这故宫是1404年开始修建的,它南北长961米,东西宽753米总面积约723600平方米,在北京东城区景山前街4号。
大家看!这是故宫午门,这几面墙是红色的,宫殿上挂着一个蓝牌子,我们站着这么远,上面的字还看不清楚呢!
现在我们来到的地方是故宫金水河,四周的宫殿上铺着金色的琉璃瓦,在阳光的照耀下闪闪发光,金水河的水静得像一面镜子,倒映着两边的围栏,十分美丽。
大家瞧!这是故宫角楼,这里有一段城墙,但已经很旧了,在一个转弯处有一个很大的亭子,就像饭厅一样大。
游了这么久,大家都累了。那我给大家蒋一泽关于故宫的故事:传说这故宫刚建成的时候,是10000个房间,当天晚上,皇上做了一个梦,梦见玉皇大帝对他说:“我的宫殿有10000个房间,我不允许你的房间比我的豪华,。皇上听了很害怕,第二天早上就马上派人拆了半间房屋,所以就只有9999。5间房屋。
故事讲完了,现在大家可以自由活动,一个小时后在这里集合,游玩时不要对故宫造成伤害哦。
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇六
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北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇七
五大宫分别为:北京故宫、法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、美国白宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫)之称。北京故宫是明清两代的皇宫。历代宫殿都“象天立宫”以表示君权“受命于天”。由于君为天子,天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的“紫宫”禁地,因此又名紫禁城。
故宫午门 故宫始建于公元1406年,1420年基本竣工,是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米,东西宽753米,面积约为72万平方米。建筑面积15.5万平方米。相传故宫一共有9999间房,实际数据是1973年专家现场测量故宫有大小院落90多座,房屋有980座,共计8707间(而此“间”并非现今房间之概念,此处“间”指四根房柱所形成的空间)。宫城周围环绕着高12米,长3400米的宫墙,形式为一长方形城池,墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕,形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。故宫宫殿建筑均是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座,饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫有4个门,正门名午门,东门名东华门,西门名西华门,北门名神武门。面对北门神武门,有用土、石筑成的景山,满山松柏成林。在整体布局上,景山可说是故宫建筑群的屏障。
依照中国古代星象学说,紫微垣(即北极星)位于中天,乃天帝所居,天人对应,是以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣在夺取帝位后,决定迁都北京,即开始营造这座宫殿,至明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。1911年,辛亥革命推翻了中国最后的封建帝制--清王朝,1924年逊帝溥仪被逐出宫禁。在这前后五百余年中,共有24位皇帝曾在这里生活居住和对全国实行统治。
故宫博物院平均每年接待中外观众600-800万人次,随着旅游事业的发展,观众的人数有增无减,可见人们对紫禁城的兴趣长盛不衰。
故宫午门故宫有四个大门,正门名为午门。其平面为凹形,宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门,西门名西华门,北门名神武门。故宫的四个城角都有精巧玲珑的角楼,角楼高27.5米,十字屋脊,三重檐迭出,四面亮山,多角交错,是结构奇丽的建筑。
故宫建筑的后半部叫内廷,内廷宫殿的大门——乾清门,左右有琉璃照壁,门里是后三宫。内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心,东西两翼有东六宫和西六宫,是皇帝处理日常政务之处也是皇帝与后妃居住生活的地方。后半部在建筑风格上不同于前半部。前半部建筑形象是严肃、庄严、壮丽、雄伟,以象征皇帝的至高无上。后半部内廷则富有生活气息,建筑多是自成院落,有花园、书斋、馆榭、山石等。
故宫的正门叫“午门”,俗称五凤楼。东西北三面以12米高的城台相连,环抱一个方形广场。有1组建筑。正中有重楼,是9间面宽的大殿,重檐庑殿顶,在左右伸出两阙城墙上,建有联檐通脊的楼阁四座,明廊相连,两翼各有13间的殿屋向南伸出,四隅各有高大的角亭,辅翼着正殿。这种形状的门楼称为“阙门”,是中国古代大门中最高级的形式。这组城上的建筑,形势巍峨壮丽,是故宫宫殿群中第一高峰。午门是皇帝下诏书、下令出征的地方。每遇宣读皇帝圣旨,颁发年历书,文武百官都要齐集午门前广场听旨。午门当中的正门平时只有皇帝才可以出入,皇帝大婚时皇后进一次,殿试考中状元、榜眼、探花的三人可以从此门走出一次。文武大臣进出东侧门,宗室王公出入西侧门。
“神武门”,明朝时为“玄武门”,玄武为古代四神兽之一,从方位上讲,左青龙,右白虎,前朱雀,后玄武,玄武主北方,所以帝王宫殿的北宫门多取名“玄武”。清康熙年间因避讳改称“神武门”。神武门也是一座城门楼形式,用的最高等级的重檐庑殿式屋顶,但它的大殿只有五开间加围廊,没有左右向前伸展的两翼,所以在形制上要比午门低一个等级。神武门是宫内日常出入的门禁。现神武门为故宫博物院正门。
东华门与西华门遥相对应,门外设有下马碑石,门内金水河南北流向,上架石桥1座,桥北为三座门。东华门与西华门形制相同,平面矩形,红色城台,白玉须弥座,当中辟3座券门,券洞外方内圆。城台上建有城楼,黄琉璃瓦重檐庑殿顶,城楼面阔5间,进深3间,四周出廊。
在午门以内,有广阔的大庭院,当中有弧形的内金水河横亘东西,北面就是外朝宫殿大门——太和门,左右各有朝房 廊庑。金水河上有5座桥梁,装有白色汉白玉栏杆,随河宛转,形似玉带。
瞧!这个建筑叫太和门。是故宫里最大的木制大门。在这儿放着一对狮子,它强悍、威武、高大,代表着皇帝的威严。
正前面的大殿叫太和殿,是故宫内最大的建筑物,并且是过去北京城最高的建筑物,你们觉得它高吗?是的,它现在一点也不高,因为北京发展很快,高的建筑物比比皆是。
太和门内,在3万多平方米开阔的庭院中,是外朝的中心:太和殿、中和殿、保和殿,统称三大殿(明朝称:奉天殿、华盖殿、谨身殿,嘉靖时改名:皇极殿、中极殿、建极殿。现名为清朝时名称)。这3座大殿是故宫中的主要建筑,它们高矮造型不同,屋顶形式也不同,显得丰富多样而不呆板。
故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物,总共统计达1052653件之多,统称有文物100万件,占全国文物总数的1/6。截至20xx年12月31日,中国文物系统文物收藏单位馆藏一级文物的总数已达109197件,现已全部在国家文物局建档备案。在全国保存一级文物的1330个收藏单位中,故宫博物院以8273件(套)高居榜首,并收有很多绝无仅有的国宝。故宫的一些宫殿中设立了综合性的历史艺术馆、绘画馆、分类的陶瓷馆、青铜器馆、明清工艺美术馆、铭刻馆、玩具馆、文房四宝馆、玩物馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆和清代宫廷典章文物展览等,收藏有大量古代艺术珍品,是中国收藏文物最丰富的博物馆。
好啦,大家今天都累了,我们今天的行程就结束了,祝大家生活愉快!
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇八
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北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇九
各位朋友,大家好!欢迎来到故宫,我是今天的小导游,跟我一起去参观一下故宫吧!
大家现在看到的是故宫的正门。它叫午门。午门又称五凤楼。远远望去,五座崇楼在楼顶展翅飞翔,既雄伟又壮观,大家可以亲身体验一下哦!
现在大家看到的是太和殿,是末代皇帝举行登基大典礼的地方。太和殿高35米,东西长64米,南北宽33米,总面积为2377平方米。这顶皇椅金碧辉煌,刻着无数条龙,代表着大清皇帝的威严和权势。皇椅前放着一张也刻着龙的板凳,是为了让皇帝舒服,给皇帝搁脚用的。现在大家可以尽情地拍照留念,不过只给大家10分钟时间哦。
现在咱们来到的是刻着龙的石板上。石板上有各式各样的龙,有的蜿蜒盘旋,有的两条龙互相缠绕在一起,千姿百态。
大家跟着我,继续走,现在来到的是御花园。里面有用石头拼凑成的一尊石像。看上去两只眼睛目不转睛地盯着你,可恐怖了!用石头堆积成的一座小小的山上长着一簇草,十分引人注目!御花园里有许多绿色的草木,对眼睛近视的人特别好哦!这儿的花,有的含苞欲放,有的争奇斗艳,有的还只有一两片花瓣。御花园里还有“送星”,让人看了眼花缭乱。这里还有瀑布呢,大家一定会想起李白的一句诗:“飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天。”虽然它不是那么长,但也挺好看的。现在大家可以敬请参观,30分钟后我们集合。
好了,各位亲爱的朋友,故宫参观完了,大家觉得美吗?欢迎大家再次来故宫参观。
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇十
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北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇十二
女士们、先生们:
进了故宫,大家首先看见的就是人……为什么这么多人来到那里呢因为明朝永乐年间,一百万劳工花了十四年的时间修筑起来的故宫是世界是最大的宫殿,十分有名,每一天都有数万名游客来那里观光。
故宫的面积约是天安门广场的两倍,比凡尔赛宫殿还大,是日本平安神宫的十倍左右。故宫的历史开始于570年前,请大家把思绪拉回到570年前来游览故宫吧!
这个建筑是故宫朝南的正门,叫作午门。午是正晌午时的午,是位于正中的`意思。午门的下头,有五个拱门,正中间的门仅有皇帝才能出入,即使地位很高的大臣,也只能使用两侧的门;地方上的诸候只能使用最两端的小门。这些都是根据身份,等级来严格规定的。过去,仅有皇后在结婚的时候,才能从午门进入一次,其它女性一律禁止出入午门。当然此刻是谁都能够进啦。过去对皇帝的心腹都是这样严厉,一般百姓就更不用提啦。连靠近故宫都不行。所以,这个故宫又被称作紫禁城。紫是紫色的紫。过去有天帝之子,老子住的地方当然也得是紫色的宫殿才中!于是,用了个紫字。禁就是禁止入内的禁字,也就是禁止随便进放的意思。
这正中的路是皇帝专用的。这条可是故宫的中轴线,也是整个北京城的中轴线。北京的主要建筑大多都沿着这个中轴线而建,两边的建筑也多是对称的。皇帝的宫殿位于这中轴线的中间,显示着”普天之下,唯我独尊”。这条路是用大理石铺成的。请看,这大理石路比两边的路高出一块儿来。当皇帝将走这段路时,还要在上头铺上地毯之类的东西,这样就高了。所以纵然皇帝身材短小,在这上头一走,也显得高大伟岸!
皇帝是了不起的”爷们儿”,这中间的门也是了不起的”爷门儿”。每当皇帝经过这中间的门时,都要敲响大钟、大鼓伴奏才行。皇帝就这样迈着步子:咚咚——咚咚咚咚——咚——咚真戳威严无比!皇帝打心眼儿里感觉到:看!还是老子伟大!下头,我们大家也假装当回皇帝,体会一下皇帝走路的感觉吧!
那边有鹤和龟,”千年仙鹤,万年龟”,是长寿的象征。可是,中国和日本不一样,是颠倒过来说的,叫作”万年仙鹤,千年龟”。为什么说法不一样呢大概是过去日本的留学生在中国学了词句之后,乘船归国途中,由于船的颠簸使头脑产生混乱,记颠倒了。还有许多例子,如:日本讲良妻贤母,中国讲贤妻良母;日本讲平和,中国讲和平;日本讲—法政大学,而在中国叫作政法大学。文章的意思完全一样,但只是顺序不一样,大概就是乘船颠簸所致。那鹤和龟不单是一种装饰物,也是一种香炉。它们的背都盖着盖儿,每当大典时,就把盖掀起来,放入檀香燃烧,那烟就从它们的嘴里缓缓溢出,就好像它们都在吞云吐雾一样。
请大家从石台上回头看广常我们进了故宫之后还没有看见过树。为什么在这么宽阔的地方连一树都不种呢……不是为了防止暗杀,而是为了制造气氛。如果种了树,郁郁葱葱一片绿,鸟儿在上头又唱又叫的,就会呈现出生活的气息。如果不种绎,就会产生庄严的气氛。我们来想像一下:过去大臣、诸候要见皇帝时,全都得从天安门走着进来,走在宽阔的路上看着高大的建筑,在庄严肃穆的气氛中,大臣、诸候就会越走越感到压力沉重,当走到皇帝面前时,就会自然地双腿打着哆嗦跪下来了。
中国历史上最终一个皇帝——爱新觉罗。溥仪三岁时当上皇帝的,他即位时的御座就在太和殿的正中。此刻开始五分钟自由活动,五分钟后在那凉快的地方集合。
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇十三
大家好,欢迎来到故宫参观,我姓陈,您们叫我陈导就行了。我先给大家介绍一下故宫的概况,之后介绍太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、和。故宫,又名紫禁城,是我国重要的历史保护文物,1987年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。
紫禁城的由来有两种说法,第一种是依照中国古代星象学说:北极星在中天,故宫正好对着北极星,天人对应;第二种是:因为故宫是紫色的,又是禁城,所以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣开始营造这座宫殿,到明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。
在之后五百多年里,共有24位皇帝在那里生活居住。紫禁城周围有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m,东西宽753m,占地面积达72万。
故宫建筑布局沿中轴线向两侧展开,宫殿建筑总面积达163,000。太和殿是皇上召集大臣上朝和商议国家大事的地方。自1420年建成后屡遭焚毁,又多次重建,这天看到的是清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建的。太和殿建筑面积2377,相当于50个教室,高35.05m,相当于10层楼那么高,为紫禁城内规模最大的殿宇。
太和殿装饰十分豪华,殿内金砖铺地,设有宝座。说是金砖,但是金砖不是用金子做的,金砖是专供宫殿使用的一种高质量的铺地方砖,产自苏州、松江等地,选料精良,制作工艺复杂。因其质地坚细,敲起来发出金属般声音,故名金砖。太和殿前有宽阔的平台,称为丹陛,俗称月台。月台上陈设日晷、嘉量各一,铜龟、铜鹤各一对,铜鼎18座。大家往太和殿两侧看,是不是有很多个大水缸?它是干什么的呢,对了,是灭火的。大水缸的下面有一个凹槽,是因为冬天水会结冰,往凹槽里放火把就能不让水结冰。
太和殿是故宫里最总要重要的宫殿,许多历史决策都是从那里出去的。太和殿后是中和殿,是皇上上朝前休息的地方。保和殿位于中和殿后,是殿试的地方。考试的第一名叫状元,第二名称为磅眼,第三名是探花。不知皇帝端坐在上上面,考生是不是会紧张的发抖。皇帝把殿试安排在宫殿内,可见皇帝是多莫重视殿试。
故宫后半部分是皇帝和妃子们生活和居住的地方。乾清宫是后宫最大的宫殿,是皇上的寝宫。宫内宝座上方悬“正大光明”匾,据传皇帝把自己立的太子名字放在“正大光明”匾后,用这种方法确定皇位继承人,减少为争夺皇位自相惨杀。
坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫,它是唯一一座在中轴线上的妃子的寝宫,也是距离乾清宫最近的,体现了皇后在后宫中至高无上的地位,“一个成功男人的背后总有一个成功的女人”这句话在那里得到了印证。在坤宁宫前有个小的宫殿交泰殿,它是皇后在千秋节日收贺礼的地方。我们参观的只是中轴线上的重要宫殿,中轴线的后面是御花园,两旁还有一些宫殿,前半部分是以太和殿为中心,后半部分是一些妃子和宫女的寝宫。此刻解说完毕,请大家自由参观。
北京故宫导游词300字 北京故宫导游词1000字篇十四
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