2023年幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构(十二篇)
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文,希望能够帮助到大家,我们一起来看一看吧。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇一
(一)内容选择的依据
中华民族具有丰富的民族文化传统,孩子是传承民族文化桥梁,在幼儿阶段开展民族文化教育,接受民间文化熏陶具有重要的意义。在日常生活中幼儿经常接触有关十二生肖的话题,也看过有关十二生肖影视片,特别是十二生肖中的许多动物都是幼儿熟悉的,喜欢的,《纲要》中也要求我们:一个活动的选择既要贴近幼儿的生活,选择他们感兴趣的事物和问题,又要有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野。选择十二生肖这个课题,对幼儿来说是非常有趣的,也具有可接受性。
(二)设计思路
根据社会教育的目标要求,十二生肖社会活动的内容,不仅要让幼儿知道十二生肖的名称和形象,同时还要了解十二生肖的顺序和轮回问题。我的活动思路为:熟悉动物;感知顺序;理解含义;了解轮回规律;游戏巩固认知。
根据《纲要》精神和设计思路,努力体现以幼儿为本现代化教育理念。结合本班幼儿实际情况,我确定以下活动目标:
1、熟悉十二生肖中十二种动物的名称及其排列顺序。
2、了解十二生肖的轮回,对不同生肖的年龄进行简单的判断。
3、培养幼儿对民族文化的学习兴趣和热爱情感。
(二)活动重点、难点
以儿童的发展为出发点和归宿是《纲要》的基本点,对大班幼儿学生来说,本次活动的重点是掌握十二生肖中十二种动物的名称及其排列顺序;由于十二生肖的轮回具有抽象性,幼儿理解水平有限,所以理解十二生肖的轮回是本次活动的难点。
十二生肖社会活动内容对大班幼儿来说还是有一定难度。为了有效的掌握重点,突破难点,我采用以下几个教学策略。
1、通过故事、课件与游戏手段。
我通过讲述十二生肖来历的故事,再结合课件充分利用学生的听觉和视觉调动幼儿活动的积极性,让学生明确十二生肖的动物名称和排列顺序;游戏活动是幼儿的基本活动,它具有聚教育性、娱乐性、创造性为一体的特点。本次活动的中,我就引导幼儿用游戏的形式记住十二生肖的顺序,感受十二生肖的轮回,让学生在轻松愉快的学习活动氛围中掌握重点。
2、借助钟表。
由于学生已有了如何看钟表的知识基础,知道钟表上的12个数字,知道12个数字的轮回是怎么回事。运用知识的迁移原理,将幼儿对钟表的知识迁移到让学生感受和理解十二生肖的轮回上,符合教育规律,同时钟表的周期具有直观性,这样将抽象的知识具体化,降低了学生理解的难度,有利于学生理解十二生肖的轮回,是突破知识难点的有效手段。
3、双主体互动模式。
师幼互动、幼幼互动是本次活动的最大特点,一方面,幼儿是问题的学习者和探索者,幼儿带着对十二生肖动物的好奇参与学习,探索问题,大胆表述自己的认识,另一方面,教师是幼儿主动学习的引导着、组织者、促进者,教师通过各种手段激发幼儿学习探索的积极性,引导幼儿积极探索,最终实现教学目标。
整个活动我以幼儿为主体,幼儿将在说说、看看、想想、听听、演演、唱唱的轻松气氛中掌握活动的重点、难点。
(一)物质准备:
1、教具的准备:十二生肖动物课件、根据本班学生属性准备属相饰物若干。十二生肖的故事、十二生肖图片一套、十二生肖的儿歌。
2、知识经验准备:通过布置家庭作业使幼儿事先知道自己的属相,知道父母的属相,父母的年龄,了解十二生肖中部分动物。认识钟表。
根据大班幼儿学习经验和年龄特点,结合幼儿园教学工作原则和本次活动的目标,我设计了以下教学过程:
兴趣是幼儿学习的动力,有了兴趣幼儿会集中注意力,并乐此不疲。为了激发幼儿活动积极性,教师运用激励机制,将事先准备好的属相小礼物奖给回答问题的学生。
在这个环节,老师对小朋友说:“小朋友们,我这里有很多礼物,现在我要奖励给回答问题积极,答题又好的小朋友,你们看好不好”。根据学生属相在回答完问题后奖一个属相饰物。问题如:
1、你知道自己的属相吗?属啥的?
2、你知道父母的属相吗?你妈妈多大了?
3、你知道都有哪些属相?
本环节老师通过提问导入,奖励机制,激活幼儿原有知识,目的是调动幼儿的已有经验,让幼儿回忆对属相的认识,为全面学习十二生肖有关问题做准备。此时学生的主体精神得以充分展示,有利于培养学生的语言表达能力,增强学生的竞争意识,激发幼儿学习兴趣。
过渡:刚才小朋友回答的问题很好,可是人的属相不仅有我们以上所说几种,实际上人的属相有12种,它们都是什么动物呢?好,今天我把它们请来了,大家认真看,它们都是什么动物,它们有什么特点。
第一个环节:播放十二生肖视频课件,在动作、形象、声音等方面突出每个动物的特征,强化幼儿的认知。
本活动环节,教师将事先准备好的十二属相动物做成视频图片,依次给学生播放。这个环节老师采用问题导学法、直观视频教学法。在学生观看视频之前提出问题,幼儿带着问题观看,同时通过形象生动视频,使观看具有目的性、直观性;幼儿处在看看、想想、模仿的学习过程中,这个环节有利于加强幼儿的认知和记忆,实现本次活动的第一个目标。
第二个环节:通过猜猜看活动、进一步认识十二生肖中动物的变形图案。
在观看视频之后,学生对十二生肖动物,已经有了一定的认识,但是十二生肖的变形图案很多,为进一步增强认知,教师通过图片匹配、让幼儿猜动物名称,进一步深化幼儿的认知。
本环节采用双主体互动模式,通过师幼互动,幼幼互动,教师、幼儿在师幼互动、生生互动中,形成合作学习的机制。本环节有利于完成本次活动的第一个目标。
第三个环节:讲故事,在钟表图案上贴图片,让幼儿认识十二生肖顺序。
过渡:十二生肖中老鼠排在第一位,小朋友们你知道为什么吗?这里有个传说故事。
教师结合课件,绘声绘色讲关于十二生肖动物通过比赛来排序的传说故事,在讲故事的同时依序将对应的动物图片贴到事先准备好的大钟表上。从1——12。分别为鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。
爱听故事是多数幼儿的特点,也是最能吸引幼儿的教学手段之一。本环节利用故事与课件相匹配的教学手段,充分利用了幼儿的听觉和视觉,幼儿在听听、看看的学习过程中明确了十二生肖的顺序。本环节设计有利于本次活动的第一个目标达成。
第四个环节:结合钟表图,联系幼儿的属相,用问题引导幼儿了解生肖与年龄的关系以及十二生肖的轮回。
过渡:小朋友们,在我们这个神奇的钟表中,各种动物依序排列,一个数字代表一年,一年一个属相。下面老师问几个问题,谁第一个回答,谁就先得到老鼠的头饰。
教师设置具有层次性的问题,将难点分解,随着学生回答,依次发出十二生肖头饰。
老师的问题如下:
1、今年是牛年,今年出生的孩子属啥的?
2、今年是牛年,明年是什么年?
3、明明小朋友属马的,明明今年几岁?
4、12年后是什么年?
在本环节中,老师采用难点分解法,通过给学生提出由易到难,由具体道抽象的问题,将十二生肖与年龄的关系以及十二生肖的轮回活动难点,一一化解,学生则运用想想,说说的学习方法,从而突破难点,达成本次活动的第二个目标。本环节教学活动,有利于培养学生的语言表达能力和抽象思维能力。
第四个环节:通过游戏、唱歌,巩固加深学习成果,烘托课堂气氛,达到本次活动的高潮。
通过关于十二生肖动物儿歌和童谣联唱,激发幼儿对中华民族传统文化的喜爱之情,让幼儿在意犹未尽中结束本次活动。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇二
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幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇三
一、设计意图
歌曲《夏天到》旋律活泼欢快、内容形象生动,问答式的歌词描绘啦一幅极富童趣的夏天场景。歌词内容浅显易懂,音乐情绪活泼欢快,非常适合中班的小朋友演唱。
中班幼儿的思维方式以具体形象思维为主,对音乐形象与情绪的感知必须借助于多种感官进行感知,因此,本次活动我采用多通道感知、情境对唱等方式,引导幼儿熟悉歌曲旋律,理解歌曲内容,感受歌曲情绪,激发幼儿积极参与歌唱活动,并能够倾听同伴的歌声、协调一致地演唱。
二、目标定位
从中班幼儿的已有学习经验与年龄特点出发,本次教学活动目标确定如下:
1.感受三拍子歌曲的强弱节奏,学会用愉快的情绪演唱歌曲并初步学习对唱。
2.进一步感知夏天的有关特征,懂得夏季卫生的重要。
3.激发幼儿积极参与歌唱活动,体验歌唱活动的快乐。
从活动目标出发,我把活动重点定位于:理解歌曲的性质和主要内容,学会用愉快的情绪演唱歌曲。活动的难点是:能倾听同伴的歌声、协调一致地对唱。
为使活动呈现趣味性、综合性、活动性,寓教育于情境游戏之中,我作如下活动准备:
1.经验准备:开展《快乐的夏天》主题活动,啦解夏天的主要特征。
2.物质准备:关于歌曲的图片、歌曲磁带。
三、教法学法
新的《幼儿园教育纲要》指出:"教师应成为幼儿学习活动的支持者、合作者、引导者".活动中应力求形成合作探究式的师生互动、生生互动。因此,活动中除啦以积极饱满的情绪影响孩子外,我精选啦以下几种教学方法:
1.根据幼儿的具体形象思维占主要地位的特点和幼儿语言发展的特点,我采用视听唱法,引导幼儿在观察生动形象的图片,充分地刺激幼儿的视觉,用语言和音乐熏陶帮助他们轻松地理解歌曲内容,熟悉歌曲旋律。
2.根据"先行组织者理论",采用难点前置的方法,引导幼儿感知歌曲的强弱节奏,并分段学唱。从幼儿熟悉的雷声、蛙声入手,引导幼儿感受三拍子的强弱节奏,同时熟悉歌曲旋律,学唱歌曲。
3.根据幼儿活泼好动的年龄特点,采用游戏对唱的方式,引导幼儿倾听同伴的歌声,学习协调一致地进行演唱。
教学活动是老师和幼儿共同表演的舞台,而幼儿是学习活动的主体,教师的"表演"以及活动中所呈现的一切都必须为孩子自然的学习服务。因此,我在本次活动中注重幼儿自身的学习和体验,采用体验学习法和多种感官参与法,引导幼儿在体验中学习,通过想一想、说一说、看一看、听一听、学一学、唱一唱等多种感官的活动,学习演唱歌曲。
四、教学过程
(一)引入活动,激发兴趣。
出示课件一,引导幼儿谈话。(图片内容:夏天的风景──雷雨过后,青蛙呱呱叫)
教师:什么季节到啦?
幼儿:夏天到啦。
教师:你是怎么知道的?
师幼互动的关键是为幼儿提供宽松和谐的环境,激发幼儿积极回应老师的提问,开放性的问题有助于拓展幼儿的思维,主动回忆日常生活中积累的有关夏天的知识。在这个问题中,隐含啦前半段歌词的内容,巧妙地借助图片所展示的图像,帮助幼儿理解并熟悉前半段歌词。同时,也为幼儿熟悉歌曲节奏做啦铺垫,自然地引出啦本活动的重点内容:通过模仿雷声和蛙声感知三拍子的节奏强弱。
(二)欣赏感知歌曲前半段
1、教师以清唱的方式提问:"夏天到啦怎么知道?"(即歌曲第一句)
展示雷声和蛙声的节奏图谱,鼓励幼儿按图示有节奏地念出后半句歌词,并用动作区分强弱的节奏。
2、欣赏歌曲前半段,教师清唱
提问:夏天到啦,你心里觉得怎么样?
每个孩子都是独立的个体,()他们的思维方式和感受都有所不同,回答可能多种多样。如何提升幼儿对夏天的认识,使他们的学习变得主动而且有意义,需要老师灵活机智的引导。歌曲的前半段与后半段节奏相同,但歌词内容、歌曲旋律有明显的区别,所以我先让幼儿熟悉前半段。
提问:你最喜欢歌曲中的哪一句?请你来唱一唱。
一首歌曲一下子学会有点困难,但让孩子在熟悉音乐后,唱出自己最喜欢的一句并不难。并且,中班的孩子已有一定的表现欲望啦,让他们当个小老师,他们会争先恐后,使以往枯燥的学唱环节生动起来。当然,孩子如果唱得不是很准确,教师要及时引导,并努力引导他们有感情地演唱歌曲。《纲要》中指出,幼儿园教育应尊重幼儿的人格和权利,尊重幼儿的身心发展规律和学习特点,关注个别差异,促进幼儿富有个性的发展。此环节要特别注意面向全体,尤其是能力较差、胆子较小的幼儿更应给予积极的鼓励和机会。
3.教师与幼儿用问答的方式练习歌曲前半段
(三)整体学唱歌曲
1、教师清唱歌曲后半段,提问:歌曲里还唱啦些什么?
出示图片,提示幼儿学念后半段歌词。后半段歌词比较多,幼儿记忆时相对要困难一些,因此,除啦图片的提示之外,我还采用教师语言暗示、动作暗示等方式帮助幼儿熟记。
2、用几种不同的演唱方式激发幼儿学唱的兴趣。如:教师领唱幼儿用单音字哼唱旋律;教师和幼儿互相接唱;边做动作边唱等等。
孩子对一种表现方式的兴趣不是非常持久,所以我们可以尝试让孩子用不同唱的形式来学唱歌曲。在日常的教学活动中,这样变化的方式很受孩子欢迎。同时,幼儿在学习前半段歌曲的基础上,对歌曲的旋律和节奏已经有一定的感知,很快就能跟上老师的领唱。
3、分组对唱歌曲(问答式对唱前半段、集体合唱后半段)
问答式的前半段歌曲非常适合孩子们进行对唱。在这环节中,我先采用老师与幼儿问答对唱的方式,再请幼儿自由分组进行对唱,随后请个别幼儿与集体对唱……尽可能多地为幼儿提供表现的机会,让幼儿在不同的演唱过程中体验歌曲愉快的情绪,以及三拍子的强弱节奏。《纲要》中指出,老师要培养幼儿大胆的表现自己情感和体验的能力、鼓励幼儿用自己喜欢的方式进行艺术表现活动,所以我采用多种对唱的方式鼓励幼儿表演歌曲,这是孩子领会歌曲的一种升华,也是孩子们喜欢的一种学习方式。
(四)活动延伸
夏天到啦,小朋友们特别高兴,因为夏天有许多与春天不一样的地方,我们去找找看,把夏天的这些特别的地方编进歌词里,唱给大家听。
活动的延伸是为啦孩子再一次巩固所学到的本领,并给每个孩子都有表现表达的机会,让他们充分感受到成功的喜悦,以增强他们的自信心。孩子们在夏天的主题活动中积累啦很多有关夏天的知识,也一定能够创编出很多新的歌词,我鼓励他们相互做小老师,学学别人编的新词,既满足啦幼儿充分表现自己的需要,也为孩子们巩固歌曲旋律、节奏提供啦反复的练习机会。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇四
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幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇五
夜,静悄悄的,月亮来到小河边,瞧瞧小鱼儿有没有睡觉。
小鱼儿看见月亮,可高兴了!一群小鱼儿围着月亮听故事,月亮给小鱼儿讲故事。小鱼儿安安静静地听呀、听呀。
忽然,从草丛中蹦出来一只小青蛙。小青蛙叫道:“呱呱呱,我也要听故事。”小鱼儿对小青蛙说:“别吵,听故事要安安静静的。”小青蛙不理睬小鱼,还在“呱呱呱”地又蹦又叫。
月亮生气了,皱起眉头,躲进了云朵里。小鱼儿也钻进水草里不见了。
小青蛙知道自己错了,忙说:“对不起,我错了,我会安安静静地听故事的。小鱼儿、月亮快出来吧!”
小青蛙蹲在荷叶上,睁着大眼睛,一声不吭。月亮钻出云朵,露出了笑脸。小鱼儿也游回来了。
月亮又接着给小鱼儿和小青蛙讲好听的故事了。
《小青蛙听故事》这个故事选自小班上学期,《我能干》这一主题中。该故事选用了小朋友生活中比较熟悉并喜欢的小青蛙和鱼儿、月亮为角色,讲述了一个小青蛙听故事是不安静、乱插嘴的故事,特别是小青蛙认真听故事的这个情节既让人觉得有趣又很符合小班小朋友的年龄特点,生活中我们也会经常看到自己班的小朋友也有这样的。又考虑到现在的小朋友大多数都是独生子女,特别是小班幼儿年龄小,个个都“以自我为中心”,缺乏集体意识,所以我觉得这个故事既符合小班幼儿年龄特点,又符合孩子的现实需要,因此,我选择了这个故事,并将它与语言和社会两个领域相结合。
《纲要》中明确指出语言的目标是:“要创造自由、宽松的语言交往环境。”“幼儿要注意倾听同伴讲话,并能大胆、清楚地说出自己的想法和感受。”等。根据《纲要》精神和孩子已有的能力实际、知识水平及教材要求,我确定了本课的教学目标、重点、难点。
(一)活动目标
1、情感目标:在感知和理解故事的过程中,愿意在集体面前发言。
2、能力目标:理解词语:夜、静悄悄、安安静静、又蹦又叫。
3、知识目标:知道故事的名称,理解内容,懂得听故事时应安安静静的,不能大声说话。
(二)活动重点、难点
俗话说“提领而顿,百毛皆顺”,重点、难点的确定非常重要。由于小班孩子以具体形象思维能力为主,故事教学的特点所以我把知道故事的名称,理解内容,懂得听故事时应安安静静的,不能大声说话作为本课的重点。由于小班孩子以具体形象思维能力为主,在语言表达方面不完整,有时只说了半句话就无法再说了,或表达不出心中的想法,根据幼儿的语言发展情况,我确定本次活动的难点是:用比较完整的句子表达自己的想法。愿意在集体面前发言。
为了更好地服务于本次的活动目标,完成活动内容,我做了以下准备工作:
(1)物质上的准备
我给小朋友们准备了小鱼、小青蛙、月亮头饰,这是为了让幼儿更能进入到这一游戏角色中;根据故事,我布置了小河等情境,这是为幼儿在情境中游戏,并能加深故事的理解而准备的;音乐,是为了进一步营造游戏的气氛而准备的。
(2)知识上的准备
我让幼儿先认识小青蛙,了解了小青蛙的基本特征。幼儿练习过游及跳这两个基本动作。
(一)教法
“教学有法,但无定法,贵在得法”。为了有效地掌握重点、突破难点,我采用的是一种视听讲做结合的方法。
所谓“视听讲做结合的方法”,“视”就是引导幼儿去看、去观察课件中的内容;“听”就是倾听教师的语言启发、引导、暗示和示范;“讲”就是幼儿的讲,满足幼儿想说的愿望:”做”就是让幼儿表演故事中小鱼和小青蛙的语言,满足幼儿乐于表现的愿望。这个方法能充分调动幼儿的各种感官,让幼儿处与一中积极的学习状态当中。
根据本课教学目标、及重点难点,整个活动分为三大部分,设计了以下教学程序:
一、创设情境,激发兴趣:师:教师边敲击圆舞板边有表情的说:“我是一只小青蛙,唱起歌来呱呱呱。”有一只青蛙今天特别高兴,我们来猜猜为什么,好吗?(这一环节的设计能在最短的时间内吸引幼儿集中注意力,充分运用感官感知游戏内容,为实现本次活动的重点做好铺垫。)
1、第一次教师有感情的讲述故事,不出示任何教具,角幼儿的无意注意占主导地位,有意注意还不稳定,为了避免分散幼儿的注意力,影响幼儿对故事内容的感知,所以,只运用丰富的表情、优美的背景音乐来表现故事,讲完后,提出简单的问题:“故事的名字叫什么?”
2、演示多媒体教学软件,第二次欣赏故事。
提问:“故事里有谁?它们在干什么?”
二、理解内容,掌握学习方法。
分段演示多媒体教学软件,再次欣赏故事。播放课件,依次出示故事的四个画面(点击出四个画面),每个画面设计几个开放性的问题,请幼儿思考,例如:画面一,设计了这样的问题:“谁能看出这是在哪儿?为什么这样静悄悄?”引导幼儿结合画面及自己的生活经验讲出夜静悄悄的主要特征。画面二,设计了这样的问题,“小鱼看见月亮出来了,它心里怎么样?”“它怎么做的?”这些开放性问题的设计具体、明了,每个幼儿通过思考能得出一个较合理的结论,都能有话说。在充分调动回答每个幼儿之后,点出课件对话,让幼儿初步了解故事中角色的对话。对每一个幼儿的回答,都根据幼儿的个体特点,给予不同程度不同形式的肯定.在这种自由、宽松的语言交往环境中,幼儿想说、敢说,喜欢说,不仅初步掌握了故事中小动物的对话,而且语言表达能力,想象力也得到不同程度的发展。
三、迁移故事主题,渗透思品教育。
1、再次通过课件,结合故事的主要情节,运用多种形式引导幼儿学说小鱼、小青蛙的对话。如运用师引导全体幼儿说,师生分角色说.男孩女孩分角色说等。这种灵活有趣的师生互动,生生互动的学说方式,不但极大的调动了幼儿参与活动的积极性,较有成效的掌握了动物间的对话,并把其中的礼貌语言内化为自己的语言。而且又进一步明确了故事的主要情节,发展了幼儿的语言表达能力,养成了幼儿注意互相倾听,积极应答的习惯,使语言理解能力得到进一步的发展。
2、故事表演,这一活动的主要目的是进一步巩固幼儿对故事主要情节的理解,发展幼儿的语言表达能力。从而使幼儿更加喜欢文学作品。
为幼儿准备多种材料,充分发挥幼儿的想像,引导幼儿开展区域活动。
美工区——绘画:他们又去哪了?以“又有谁来啦”为题让幼儿续编故事,教师启发幼儿大胆想像,积极动脑。引导幼儿续编小动物安安静静倾听故事的故事,看谁编出的故事最新奇好听。
表演区——表演游戏:小青蛙听故事
幼儿通过扮演故事中的角色、生动逼真地表演、使用道具、布置环境,促进幼儿想象力、创造力的发展。
语言区——多种形式的听故事,如:边看边听故事、听录音故事、听老师给大班哥哥姐姐讲故事、集体欣赏、小组欣赏、故事区域里欣赏。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇六
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幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇七
(一)说设计意图:
撕纸活动对于孩子们来说,在动手能力方面是一种兴趣比较浓厚的活动,虽然撕纸这过程在我们成人看来并不是有很大的作用,但对于孩子们来说却能够吸引着他们的眼球和动手操作的兴趣,并且撕纸这过程,还可以锻炼幼儿手指动作的灵活性,曾经在小班的时候,我已观察到孩子们在撕纸过程中的一举一动,看到孩子们积极的兴趣。于是,我通过《逛动物园》这个题材,设计了一节比较生动有趣的美术撕纸活动,而且幼儿对于各种动物也有了比较深刻的印象,然后通过动物的导出,更加增强了幼儿自主参与动手操作的兴趣,所以这一活动既符合了幼儿的年龄特点,又符合了幼儿的现实需要。
(二)说本班幼儿情况:本班幼儿在动手操作能力方面已有了一定的操作基础,平时在活动中经常有培养幼儿撕纸的活动。
(三)说活动目标:
根据幼儿已有的前提基础撕、贴,结合幼儿的年龄特点,再进一步发展幼儿的动手操作能力。因此我给幼儿创设一个能使他们能够自己大胆去动手操作的平台,让幼儿能积极有兴趣地参与,引导幼儿发挥想象,通过活动的开展来锻炼幼儿的手指动作灵活性。
(四)说活动重、难点:
本次活动的教学重点是让幼儿有目的地撕纸,并通过活动的开展来锻炼幼儿的手指动作灵活性。教学难点是让幼儿能大胆想象来通过撕与添加的方式表现不同的动物,并感受撕纸活动带来的创意快乐。
为了能使本次活动能够有目的实施开展,我做了如下的准备:
1、幼儿已有认识各种各样的动物和有逛动物园的经验。
2、幼儿人手两张纸,教师用的示范大纸张两张,颜色纸若干张,颜色鲜艳的广告纸。
环境准备:1、布置成动物园的场景:树、草坪、池塘、动物等景象,自选柔和的音乐。2、动物课件,投影仪、电脑。
我根据幼儿的学习情况和前提基础,在本次活动中我采用了教学直观法、提问法、亲身体验等教学方法。
为什么我要采用以上的这些方法呢?
采用直观法是因为中班幼儿的年龄特征,处于幼儿时期的思维性质,他们具有明显的具体形象特点思维,所以我用看课件的形式直接来刺激幼儿的视觉器官,让幼儿近距离体会动物的生动形象,并激发了幼儿学习的兴趣。
采用提问法是因为提问能让幼儿有目的地仔细观察和启发幼儿灵活的思维,并且也能让幼儿更深入地理解活动的重点内容。
采用亲身体验法是因为可以让幼儿亲自地参与到活动的环境中,活动的操作中,可以让幼儿有了真正实践的感受,并且孩子通过参与,有了这次活动的经验。
幼儿在这撕贴活动中,孩子们通过观察、参与情景游戏的氛围,来激发积极地参与态度,从而直接地看到了各种不同的动物,并且亲身实践到操作过程中,是幼儿更深入地认识动物,然后在活动中把自己喜欢的动物表现出来。
我结合了本活动的目标和幼儿已有前提基础,我设计了以下四个环节:
1、我以游戏的形式导入活动,
2、通过逛动物园,导出幼儿学习操作撕与添加的方式来表现不同的动物。
3、引导幼儿自己操作,撕出自己喜欢的动物,并给添加上动物的眼睛、尾巴等。
4、评价小结。
一、教师以游戏“逛动物园”导入,看课件播放的动物,激发幼儿讲述激发幼儿讲述的兴趣。
1、播放音乐,教师带领小朋友们进入预设的场地去逛动物园,(教师事先布置好场地)。
2、教师有意识地引导幼儿走进动物园,师:小朋友,现在我们来到动物园了,你们看一看这儿会有什么动物呢?(教师利用投影仪放出各种动物图片给幼儿观察,如:长颈鹿、斑马、狮子、大象等)。
二、通过逛动物园,导出幼儿学习操作撕与添加的方式来表现不同的动物。
1、师:问幼儿,刚刚我们去逛动物园的时候,看到了许多的动物,那小朋友最喜欢哪些动物呢?(幼儿回答有哪些)师:那现在我们一起来把喜欢的动物给变出来,好吗?
2、教师出示一张纸,看看有哪位小朋友能够变出你喜欢的小动物,教师适当给予提示,并强调纸和双手来操作。
3、教师详细讲解并示范撕纸的方法,双手的食指与大拇指相对捏住纸,(教师比较形象地引导幼儿:让幼儿把大拇哥和二拇弟他们请出来,今天他们两兄弟要来合作撕纸,然后教师示范撕一只小兔子给幼儿看)
4、教师出示已撕下来的小兔子,请小朋友观察一下小兔子身上还缺少了些什么呢?通过提问幼儿,引出要给小兔子添加眼睛、尾巴等,并示范怎么添加,(可以撕下一小圆点的纸贴上去或用笔画上去)
三、引导幼儿自己操作,撕出自己喜欢的动物,并给添加上动物的眼睛、尾巴等。
1、发给每个幼儿纸张、笔、胶水这些材料,引导幼儿撕出自己喜欢的动物,2、教师提醒幼儿撕的时候要用到大拇哥和二拇弟两人来合作撕,教师巡回指导幼儿操作。
四、评价小结:所有幼儿围坐过来评价小朋友操作的各种不同动物,老师给予鼓励幼儿。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇八
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幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇十
各位领导,各位老师,今天我说课的题目是中班综合活动《有趣的萝卜》,这是我园园本课程——农村综合主题教育“蔬菜营养好”主题活动中的一个活动。
1、教材来源:此活动选材来源于生活。我们都知道,萝卜是幼儿比较熟悉的蔬菜之一,在秋天这个丰收的季节,萝卜在农村菜场等地随处可见,且取材方便。它的品种非常丰富,有白萝卜、胡萝卜、卞萝卜等,其中大小不同、颜色不同、形状不同;它营养丰富,吃法繁多,可煮汤、可凉拌、可红烧、可腌着吃,有的还可生吃呢!民间还有“十月萝卜小人参”的美称。 然而幼儿虽然知道萝卜,但对萝卜的种类、用途、营养价值等还不太了解,在日常生活中经常发现幼儿不爱吃萝卜的现象。因此,有必要使幼儿形成对萝卜正确的认识,加深对萝卜的特征、用途等的理解,激发幼儿爱萝卜的情感。我们认为,选择此教材有一定的季节性、必要性,就如《纲要》中所说,“既符合幼儿的现实需要,又有利于其长远发展;既贴近幼儿的生活,选择感兴趣的事物或问题,又有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野”。因此,此活动来源于生活,又能服务于幼儿的生活。
2、目标定位:活动的目标是教育活动的起点和归宿,对活动起着导向作用。根据中班幼儿年龄特点及实际情况以及布卢姆的《教育目标分类学》为依据,确立了认知、能力、情感方面的目标,其中既有独立表达的成份,又有相互融合的一面,目标为:
(1)幼儿在感知萝卜的基础上,能表达萝卜的特征及用途,并能按萝卜的特征进行分类。
(2)在游戏中了解萝卜的生长过程,体验萝卜生长的快乐。
(3)幼儿乐于探索,能大胆表述,在活动中感受萝卜的有趣 ,产生爱萝卜的情感。
根据目标,我们把活动重点定位于:感知萝卜的有趣,主要是萝卜的特征、用途及生长过程。通过探索发现、多媒体课件、歌曲引路、游戏体验及品尝萝卜制品,使活动得到深化。
活动的难点是:根据萝卜的不同特征进行分类,主要通过小组商量自主操作,在动手的过程中意识到分类标准及分类结果,提高幼儿的分类能力。通过集体评价,使幼儿的分类经验得到整理。总之,我们树立了目标的整合观、科学观、系统观,力求形成有序的目标运作程式。使活动呈现趣味性、综合性、活动性,寓教育于生活情境、游戏之中。为此,我们作了如下活动准备:
1、空间准备:操作台6张呈半圆形摆布在前面和侧面,便于操作评价。
2、物质准备:兔子绒玩具、各种萝卜、篮子每桌一套、创编歌曲、多媒体课件、萝卜食品、轻音乐 3、经验准备:幼儿对蔬菜有一定的经验(吃过或看过)全方位的准备为活动的成功开展提供可能。
新《纲要》指出:“教师应成为学习活动的支持者、合作者、引导者。”活动中应力求“形成合作探究式”的师互动。因此,本次活动教师除了以可爱、推拙的形象、饱满的情绪影响孩子,以自己的形态感染幼儿外,还挖掘此综合活动价值,采用了 适宜的方法组织教学,采用的教法有:
1、操作法:它是幼儿建构活动的基本方法。所谓操作法是指幼儿动手操作,在与材料的相互作用过程中进行探索学习。本次活动安排了两次操作活动。第一次是引起兴趣后第一次操作,主要是探索萝卜的趣味性、多样性,让幼儿在看一看、摸一摸、比一比中获得感知。第二次操作是对萝卜进行分类。幼儿分类是指幼儿把具有一个或几个共同特征的物体聚集在一起的活动,分类活动是观察活动的延伸和应用。
2、游戏法:游戏是幼儿的基本活动,它具有教育性、娱乐性、创造性。本次活动的第三环节中,我就引导幼儿扮演萝卜籽,共同体验萝卜生长的快乐。由于我利用了节奏快的旋律巧填歌词,编成了一首《萝卜歌》,这给游戏活动注入了新的活力。孩子在表演的过程中不仅理解了萝卜的生长过程,更是创造了一个个可爱的萝卜形象。教师的适时赏识,把幼儿的创造之花点燃,显示了无穷的力量。
3、演示法:是指教师通过讲解谈话,把实物或教具陈示给孩子看,帮助他们获得一定的理解。本次活动中的演示法是通过制作多媒体动画“萝卜的生长过程”,让幼儿对萝卜生长有全新的认识,在这一过程中,现代教学辅助手段的运用发挥了传统教育手段不可替代的功能,使理解和认识更透彻。
4、情境教学法:在教学过程中教师有目的地引入或创设具有一定情绪色彩的形象,为主体的生动活动提供具体的场景,以引起孩子一定的态度体验,使孩子心理机能得到发展的方法。本次活动的全过程,我就引入了幼儿喜欢的兔子形象,结合秋收,引发幼儿融入到看萝卜、分萝卜、品尝萝卜的情境中,使幼儿主动探究,积极思维,达到科学素质的提高与个性发展的统一。
此外,我们还适时采用了交流讨论法、赏识激励法、审美熏陶法对活动加以整合,使幼儿获得对萝卜多样性的理解和体验,达到了科学性、艺术性、健康性、愉悦性的和谐统一。
以幼儿为主体,创造条件让幼儿参加探究活动,不仅提高了认识,锻炼了能力,更升华了情感,本次活动幼儿采用的学法有:
1、多通道参与法:新《纲要》科学领域中的目标明确指出,(幼儿)“能用多种感官动手动脑,探究问题;用适当的方式表达,交流探索的过程和结果”。因此,活动中我们引导幼儿看一看、摸一摸、比一比、分一分、尝一尝、学一学、说一说等多种感官的参与,不知不觉就对萝卜发生了兴趣。
2、尝试法:陶行知先生说过在“做中教,做中学,做中求进步”。在第二次操作活动中我们就鼓励幼儿分萝卜,引导幼儿按萝卜的'特征进行分类。在这一过程中幼儿通过商量、合作、尝试着不同的分法。当然,幼儿不一定一次就能分成功,他们不断以动作调节自己的分类标准。伴随着动作,幼儿的思维就会灵动起来,因而就有了更丰富、多样化的分法。通过介绍性评价,又把大家的经验作一汇合,深化了各自的认识,拓展了分类面。
3、体验法:心理学指出,“凡是人们积极参加体验过的活动,人的记忆效果就会明显提高”。为了让幼儿对萝卜的生长过程有更深的印象,我们就采用了游戏体验法,在唱唱演演中引导幼儿体验萝卜生长的快乐。
与此同时,我们还通过幼儿间的互补学习,师幼合作共长的方法,表达着各自的丰富、多样性的认识,体现着“以幼儿发展为本”理念。
我采用环环相扣组织此活动程序,活动流程为:激发兴趣——自由探索——操作分类——游戏体验——品尝交流——审美延伸
(一)激发兴趣(情境:小兔的萝卜丰收了)
“兴趣是最好的教师”。活动一开始教师就利用幼儿熟悉的小兔形象,为幼儿创设了“小兔萝卜丰收”的语言情境和物质(萝卜)情境,引发幼儿观察萝卜的兴趣。在以下的环节中,我都是以小兔作为情节发展主线,从形式上,内容实质上深深吸引孩子。
(二)自由探索(看小兔的萝卜)
根据幼儿好奇、好动的特点,运用皮亚杰的认知发展理论,在第二环节我就安排了孩子自由探索。我们为每组提供了充足的萝卜,供幼儿观察。在这一过程中,教师是引导者、支持者、合作者。在轻音乐播放的轻松氛围中,幼儿比比、摸摸、说说各自看到的萝卜的特征。 在这一过程中,孩子获得经验是零碎的,那怎样进行加工整理呢?为此,在自由探索后我们就通过幼儿介绍,集体讲评的方式,对幼儿获取萝卜的经验进行整理。由于材料的投放在孩子的视线前面,故讲评时可结合实物进行,避免了空洞性。为了拓宽幼儿对萝卜的认识,教师还结合收集到的图片和实物萝卜作了一个概括,点到了课题中萝卜有趣的含义。
(三)操作分类(情节:帮小兔分萝卜)
分类活动是前一次观察探索活动的应用,而幼儿分类往往根据自己的看法和想法进行,分类标准(依据)也在不断改变。因此,我们要求 幼儿通过说一说、分一分、在尝试和自我纠正中完善各组的分类。这里主要是按萝卜的自然属性——形状、大小、颜色等进行分类。由于中班幼儿还不具备多维度思考问题的能力,故分类要求不是十分严格标准。我们允许产生错误和争论,引导幼儿在多次操作、反复尝试中积极思考,自己修正,学习到科学的态度和精神。因此,只要幼儿分得有理,他们就完成了帮小兔整理萝卜的任务,就可以把分好的萝卜送到小兔家,这样幼儿就有了成功的体验。 在第二、第三个环节中,就完成了感知特征和操作分类的目标(目标1),同时目标三也得到了一定的体现,主要是探索态度和乐于表达方面。
(四)游戏体验(体验萝卜的生长过程)
幼儿感受知萝卜的特征后,很自然地就会联想到其生长过程。因此,及时设问“你们知道萝卜是怎么长大的吗?幼儿通过联系实际经验的交流,结合多媒体课件,幼儿真切地理解萝卜怎样由一粒萝卜籽慢慢长大的过程,其动感使孩子感知生命的力量,替代了图片死扳不动的传统方法。为了使幼儿的兴奋点上升,全体幼儿又在一曲《粉刷匠》旋律中自编自演了《萝卜歌》,在轻松的氛围中体验了成长过程的快乐。教师适时赏识又给每个孩子体验到创造的乐趣。此环节较好地将艺术融入了科学,达到比较完美的统一。这一环节落实了目标2。
(五)品尝交流(情节:小兔请大家品尝萝卜食品)
在讨论交流萝卜的用途后,大家一定很想品尝了,为了满足孩子嘴馋、控制能力弱等特点,我就及时安排了小兔请大家品尝萝卜的情节,,很自然地引导幼儿进行品尝交流萝卜的吃法,我们在每组提供的食品有:(生吃的、腌制的、红烧的、炒的、凉拌的)。大家吃吃讲讲,在兴奋的状态之中,幼儿也逐步意识到多吃萝卜(蔬菜)营养好的道理,从而自觉地做到不挑食,让身体吸收更多营养,使身体长得更捧。在这一过程中萝卜的吃法也全面体会,幼儿在轻松的氛围中结束活动。到这环节,目标3就自然完成了。
(六)审美延伸(萝卜小制作展示)
活动结束,我们不能马上告一段落,关键是引导幼儿持续不断地对萝卜产生兴趣。小朋友知道了萝卜不仅有趣,它还有很多吃法,接着以加工制作玩具,使幼儿在审美心理、创作欲望上得到满足。教师通过几件小制作,引发幼儿对萝卜的创作欲望,使审美心理得到愉悦,进而为孩子有意愿投入下一个非正规性的自主活动奠定基础。同时,请幼儿把小兔和萝卜带走,既是为兔子帮忙的表现,又是为可能进行的制作创造条件,相信孩子会对萝卜产生持续的兴趣,或许还可以从中生成更有价值的活动。
附教案:幼儿园中班综合活动:有趣的萝卜
合兴幼儿园 徐洁
一、设计意图:
秋天是萝卜丰收的季节,在农村萝卜随处可见,取材方便。它是我园“农村综合主题教育”这一园本课程中的一个乡土资源。萝卜的品种丰富,有长长的白萝卜,有桔黄色的胡萝卜,有圆的红色的卞萝卜,还有绿绿的水萝卜等。平时,孩子们虽然都认识了萝卜,但对萝卜的种类不太注意;对其营养也不甚了解;好多孩子不太喜欢吃萝卜,针对这些问题,特设计本活动。主要是引导幼儿在看看、摸摸、比比中感受萝卜的特征;分一分萝卜,表达分类的过程;演一演,体验萝卜生长的快乐;尝一尝,感知萝卜的味道和用途。通过小兔请大家看萝卜、分萝卜、吃萝卜等情境,引导幼儿积极主动地参与活动,从而获得新的感悟。
二、活动目标:
1、幼儿在感知萝卜的基础上能表述萝卜的特征及用途,并能按萝卜的特征进行分类。
2、在游戏中了解萝卜的生长过程,体验萝卜生长的快乐。
3、幼儿乐于探索,能大胆表达,在活动中感受萝卜的有趣,从而产生爱萝卜的情感。
三、活动准备:
物质准备:信号音乐;小兔绒玩具一只;实物萝卜、空篮子、萝卜食品每桌一份;教师小结用的萝卜一份;课件“萝卜的生长过程”;萝卜食品每桌一套,萝卜小制作2—3件。
经验准备:幼儿对蔬菜有一定的经验。对《粉刷匠》旋律有所熟悉。
空间准备: 幼儿座位呈框字型摆放,操作台呈半圆形放置于幼儿视线前面。
四、活动过程:
活动流程: 激发兴趣→自由探索→操作分类→游戏体验→品尝交流→审美延伸
(一)激发兴趣(情境:小兔带来萝卜丰收的喜讯)
1、师利用小兔绒玩具宣布小兔带来的喜讯。
2、简单介绍观察萝卜的要求
(二)自由探索(情节:看小兔的萝卜)
1、幼儿去看一看、摸一摸、比一比、探索萝卜的特征。
2、围绕问题交流发现:你看到的萝卜长得是怎样的呢?
3、拓展幼儿对品种的认识。
4、利用准备好的各种萝卜小结萝卜的有趣。
(三)操作分类(情节:帮小兔分萝卜)
1、要求:小兔收了那么多萝卜,想请小朋友帮忙分一分(小朋友按萝卜的特征来分一分、说一说)。
2、操作指导:允许幼儿尝试错误,自觉纠正,并用语言表达分的过程。
3、评价:小组代表介绍,集体评价,然后把萝卜送到小兔家。
(四)游戏体验(情节:幼儿扮演萝卜生长)
1、商量讨论:萝卜是怎么长大的呢?
2、结合课件:“萝卜的生长过程”,让幼儿了解萝卜从小到大成长的过程。
3、利用《粉刷匠》旋律,欣赏编好的《萝卜歌》,再通过唱一唱、演一演体验萝卜生长的乐趣,用身体的形态、动作创造一个个可爱的萝卜形象。
(五)品尝交流(情节:小兔请大家吃萝卜食品)
1、联系实际商量讲讲萝卜的用途(吃法及营养)。
2、幼儿品尝萝卜食品: 边吃边讲萝卜的味道及加工法等。
(六)活动延伸(情境:看萝卜制成的玩具)用萝卜制成的玩具使幼儿产生审美愉悦,激发幼儿动手尝试制作的愿望。
幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇十一
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幼儿园说课稿 幼儿园说课稿的基本结构篇十二
(一)内容选择的依据
中华民族具有丰富的民族文化传统,孩子是传承民族文化的桥梁,在幼儿阶段开展民族文化教育,接受民间文化熏陶具有重要的意义。在日常生活中幼儿经常接触有关十二生肖的话题,也看过有关十二生肖的影视片,特别是十二生肖中的许多动物都是幼儿熟悉的,喜欢的,《纲要》中也要求我们:一个活动的选择既要贴近幼儿的生活,选择他们感兴趣的事物和问题,又要有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野。选择十二生肖这个课题,对幼儿来说是非常有趣的,也具有可接受性。
(二)设计思路
根据社会教育的目标要求,十二生肖社会活动的内容,不仅要让幼儿知道十二生肖的名称和形象,同时还要了解十二生肖的顺序和轮回问题。我的活动思路为:熟悉动物;感知顺序;理解含义;了解轮回规律;游戏巩固认知。
根据《纲要》精神和设计思路,努力体现以幼儿为本的现代化教育理念。结合本班幼儿实际情况,我确定以下活动目标:
1、熟悉十二生肖中十二种动物的名称及其排列顺序。
2、了解十二生肖的轮回,对不同生肖的年龄进行简单的判断。
3、培养幼儿对民族文化的学习兴趣和热爱情感。
(二)活动重点、难点
以儿童的发展为出发点和归宿是《纲要》的基本点,对大班幼儿小朋友来说,本次活动的重点是掌握十二生肖中十二种动物的名称及其排列顺序;由于十二生肖的轮回具有抽象性,幼儿理解水平有限,所以理解十二生肖的轮回是本次活动的难点。
十二生肖社会活动内容对大班幼儿来说还是有一定的难度。为了有效的掌握重点,突破难点,我采用以下几个教学策略。
1、通过故事、课件与游戏手段。
我通过讲述十二生肖来历的故事,再结合课件充分利用小朋友的听觉和视觉调动幼儿活动的积极性,让小朋友明确十二生肖的动物名称和排列顺序;游戏活动是幼儿的基本活动,它具有聚教育性、娱乐性、创造性为一体的特点。本次活动的中,我就引导幼儿用游戏的形式记住十二生肖的顺序,感受十二生肖的轮回,让小朋友在轻松愉快的学习活动氛围中掌握重点。
2、借助钟表。
由于小朋友已有了如何看钟表的知识基础,知道钟表上的12个数字,知道12个数字的轮回是怎么回事。运用知识的迁移原理,将幼儿对钟表的知识迁移到让小朋友感受和理解十二生肖的轮回上,符合教育规律,同时钟表的周期具有直观性,这样将抽象的知识具体化,降低了小朋友理解的难度,有利于小朋友理解十二生肖的轮回,是突破知识难点的有效手段。
3、双主体互动模式。
师幼互动、幼幼互动是本次活动的最大特点,一方面,幼儿是问题的学习者和探索者,幼儿带着对十二生肖动物的好奇参与学习,探索问题,大胆表述自己的认识,另一方面,教师是幼儿主动学习的引导着、组织者、促进者,教师通过各种手段激发幼儿学习探索的积极性,引导幼儿积极探索,最终实现教学目标。
整个活动我以幼儿为主体,幼儿将在说说、看看、想想、听听、演演、唱唱的轻松气氛中掌握活动的重点、难点。
(一)物质准备:
1、教具的准备:十二生肖动物课件、根据本班小朋友属性准备属相饰物若干。十二生肖的故事、十二生肖图片一套、十二生肖的儿歌。
2、知识经验准备:通过布置家庭作业使幼儿事先知道自己的属相,知道父母的属相,父母的年龄,了解十二生肖中部分动物。认识钟表。
根据大班幼儿学习经验和年龄特点,结合幼儿园教学工作原则和本次活动的目标,我设计了以下教学过程:
一、开始部分:提问导入,激发兴趣。
兴趣是幼儿学习的动力,有了兴趣幼儿会集中注意力,并乐此不疲。为了激发幼儿活动积极性,教师运用激励机制,将事先准备好的属相小礼物奖给回答问题的小朋友。
在这个环节,老师对小朋友说:“小朋友们,我这里有很多礼物,现在我要奖励给回答问题积极,答题又好的小朋友,你们看好不好”。根据小朋友属相在回答完问题后奖一个属相饰物。问题如:
1、你知道自己的属相吗?属啥的?
2、你知道父母的属相吗?你妈妈多大了?
3、你知道都有哪些属相?
本环节老师通过提问导入,奖励机制,激活幼儿原有知识,目的是调动幼儿的已有经验,让幼儿回忆对属相的认识,为全面学习十二生肖有关问题做准备。此时小朋友的主体精神得以充分展示,有利于培养小朋友的语言表达能力,增强小朋友的竞争意识,激发幼儿学习兴趣。
二、基本部分:
过渡:刚才小朋友回答的问题很好,可是人的属相不仅有我们以上所说的几种,实际上人的属相有12种,它们都是什么动物呢?好,今天我把它们请来了,大家认真看,它们都是什么动物,它们有什么特点。
第一个环节:播放十二生肖视频课件,在动作、形象、声音等方面突出每个动物的特征,强化幼儿的认知。
本活动环节,教师将事先准备好的十二属相动物做成视频图片,依次给小朋友播放。这个环节老师采用问题导学法、直观视频教学法。在小朋友观看视频之前提出问题,幼儿带着问题观看,同时通过形象生动视频,使观看具有目的性、直观性;幼儿处在看看、想想、模仿的学习过程中,这个环节有利于加强幼儿的认知和记忆,实现本次活动的第一个目标。
第二个环节:通过猜猜看活动、进一步认识十二生肖中动物的变形图案。
在观看视频之后,小朋友对十二生肖动物,已经有了一定的认识,但是十二生肖的变形图案很多,为进一步增强认知,教师通过图片匹配、让幼儿猜动物名称,进一步深化幼儿的认知。
本环节采用双主体互动模式,通过师幼互动,幼幼互动,教师、幼儿在师幼互动、生生互动中,形成合作学习的机制。本环节有利于完成本次活动的第一个目标。
第三个环节:讲故事,在钟表图案上贴图片,让幼儿认识十二生肖的顺序。
过渡:十二生肖中老鼠排在第一位,小朋友们你知道为什么吗?这里有一个传说故事。
教师结合课件,绘声绘色讲关于十二生肖动物通过比赛来排序的传说故事,在讲故事的同时依序将对应的动物图片贴到事先准备好的大钟表上。从1——12。分别为鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。
爱听故事是多数幼儿的特点,也是最能吸引幼儿的教学手段之一。本环节利用故事与课件相匹配的教学手段,充分利用了幼儿的听觉和视觉,幼儿在听听、看看的学习过程中明确了十二生肖的顺序。本环节设计有利于本次活动的第一个目标达成。
第四个环节:结合钟表图,联系幼儿的属相,用问题引导幼儿了解生肖与年龄的关系以及十二生肖的轮回。
过渡:小朋友们,在我们这个神奇的钟表中,各种动物依序排列,一个数字代表一年,一年一个属相。下面老师问几个问题,谁第一个回答,谁就先得到老鼠的头饰。
教师设置具有层次性的问题,将难点分解,随着小朋友的回答,依次发出十二生肖头饰。
老师的问题如下:
1、今年是牛年,今年出生的孩子属啥的?
2、今年是牛年,明年是什么年?
3、明明小朋友属马的,明明今年几岁?
4、12年后是什么年?
在本环节中,老师采用难点分解法,通过给小朋友提出由易到难,由具体道抽象的问题,将十二生肖与年龄的关系以及十二生肖的轮回活动难点,一一化解,小朋友则运用想想,说说的学习方法,从而突破难点,达成本次活动的第二个目标。本环节教学活动,有利于培养小朋友的语言表达能力和抽象思维能力。
第四个环节:通过游戏、唱歌,巩固加深学习成果,烘托课堂气氛,达到本次活动的高潮。
三、结束部分。
通过关于十二生肖动物儿歌和童谣的联唱,激发幼儿对中华民族传统文化的喜爱之情,让幼儿在意犹未尽中结束本次活动。