初中语文《散步》说课稿(十四篇)
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?这里我整理了一些优秀的范文,希望对大家有所帮助,下面我们就来了解一下吧。
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇一
大家好!
今天我说的课题是:初中语文七年级上册第五单元23课《散步》。
下面我将从教材、学情、目标、重难点、教法、学法等方面说一下我的讲课思路。
《散步》选自七年级上册第五单元,本单元所选文章以家庭亲情为主题,浓浓亲情动人心弦。《散步》是一篇文字浅显,情感温暖的美文,作者抓住日常生活中的琐事娓娓道来,情真意切,字里行间流露出对亲人的关爱,对家庭的责任,对亲情的赞美,是一篇从平凡小事中写亲情的典范作品,题材极其平凡,意蕴却十分丰富。学习本文,要引导学生用心发现亲情、感受亲情并珍爱亲情。本文是一篇自读课文,在充分预习的基础上我准备用一个课时完成教学的主要内容。
根据《语文课程标准》的基本精神,语文课的主要目的是要培养学生的品德修养和审美情趣。本课对象是七年级学生,这个年龄段的学生有强烈的好奇心和旺盛的求知欲。但对生活的观察不够细致,缺乏生活体验,又由于社会上一些不良因素的误导,许多学生尊老爱幼的观念比较淡薄,没有形成正确的家庭伦理观,因此正确的引导尤为重要,我的教学目标确定如下。
知识与能力目标:
1、有感情地朗读课文,整体感知课文内容。
2、品味课文清新质朴的语言。
3、理解最后一句话的深刻含义。
过程与方法目标:
学会自主、合作、探究的学习方式
情感态度价值观目标:
通过本课的学习,感知文中蕴含的家人之间深沉的爱,培养尊老爱幼的传统美德。
根据《语文课和标准》在基本理念部分强调要丰富学生语言的积累、培养语感。我将本课的重点定为:朗读品味积累语言。本课是一篇精美散文,需要引导学生在反复朗读中揣摩、积累语言,以增强语感,逐步提高语言表达能力。本课的难点是:理解课文最后一句话的深刻含义。七年级学生由于年龄和知识储备的限制,对含义深刻句子的理解容易浮于表面,因此把这个定为难点。
运用情景导入、朗读品析、研讨点拨、多媒体课件辅助等多种教法相结合。首先以情景、导入法营造与课文内容相吻合的浓浓的亲情氛围,引起学生的学习兴趣。然后将朗读贯穿于整个课堂中,让学生在朗读品味中去感受亲情美。本文主要写“我”这个成年人的感受,学生对课文的理解与感悟会遇到一定的困难,因此,必要的点拨显得尤为重要,通过这几种教法与多媒体课件的结合,让学生更好的领悟课文。
《语文课程标准》中要求学生品味作品中富有表现力的语言。所以先让学生熟读课文,整体感知课文内容,然后引导学生通过自主合作探究的学习方式,找出含义深刻的字词句或细节动人的句子品析,最后抓关键语句再读课文,深入思考,领会课文深长的意味,提高学生的思维能力,培养尊老爱幼的情感,在学习中充分调动学生的积极性,充分发挥学生的主观能动性让学生真正成为学习的主人。
(一)情景导入
看公益短片《妈妈洗脚》学生谈感受。
设计意图:激发学生的学习兴趣,短片中温馨的画面和质朴的语言,让学生快速的进入情境中,也为学生感知课文内容作了准备。
(二)出示学习目标
设计这一板块是因为学习目标对教与学起统帅作用,使学生的学习有明确的方向性。
(三)初读课文,整体感知。
齐读课文,思考下列问题:
1、用简洁的语言概括文章的主要内容。
(旨在让学生对文本整体感知)
2、散步的过程中发生了怎样的事情?结果如何?
设计意图:此环节要求学生齐读课文后自主学习,培养从文章获取信息及概括事件的能力,在第二个问题中要引导学生思考:在面对分歧时,“我”为什么决定顺从母亲而委屈儿子,从而得出结论:在两头不能兼顾时,照顾长辈,因此得知“我”的处事原则是“孝”,初步感知了作者的情感。
(四)品读课文赏析语言
1、找出文中含义深刻的字词句或能打动你的句子品析。
学法指导:
示例:“我的母亲又熬过了一个严冬”既写出了母亲忍受痛苦度过严冬的情景,又写出了“我”为母亲安然无恙而庆幸的心情。
(1)学生在课本上用圈点勾画法作批注。
提示:写景美的句子、细节动人的句子
(2)请学生将他们找出的词句读出来并赏析,教师适当指导。
2、感悟语言的对称美
预先出示一个句子:前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子,让学生说说这个句子的特点,最后学生从课文中找出这样的对称的句子齐读。
设计意图:品味积累语言是本课的重点,《语文课程标准》中指出要感受作品中人物的形象和优美的语言,体味和推敲重要词句在语言环境中的意义和作用。先让学生在圈点勾画中品读思考,在朗读品味中感悟,教师作必要的补充和归纳。引导学生掌握一些规律性的东西,学会在以后的阅读、作文中运用学到的方法去赏析语言,运用语言。
(五)再读课文,感悟亲情
1、指名读6、7段。
2、扮演角色,心灵对话。
学法指导:面对分歧时,“我”为什么决定走大路,妻子、儿子是怎样想的,母亲为什么改变主意走小路?分角色用话外音的形式将各人心中所想表现出来,不仅要注意文中表现出来的内涵,还要善于结合情景体悟人物心理和性格。
3、这个家中三代四口人,给你留下了怎样的印象。
设计意图:《语文课程标准》中提出在发展语言能力的同时发展思维能力,激发想像力和创造潜能,所以设计了“扮演角色,心灵对话”这一环节,让学生走进文本,不仅能找出文中有形的东西,还能发现文本中没有写出来的(无形)的东西,以锻炼学生的想像及创新思维能力。在谈对人物印象这一环节中培养学生的归纳概括能力,让学生感受到正因为这一家人尊老爱幼,相互关爱,这个家庭才会如此和谐温暖。
4、齐读最后一段,理解最后一句话的深刻含义。
学法指导:注重这句话的象征意义。
设计意图:《语文课程标准》中指出,欣赏文学作品要有自己的情感体验,能领悟作品的内涵,让学生在探究合作中解决疑难。重点理解这个句子,不仅要理解它的表层含义,更要理解它的象征意义:中年人的责任重大,既要赡养老一代,又要抚养下一代,中年人是承上启下的角色,一个家庭是这样,一个民族、一个国家也是这样。至此学生才准确把握了作者的思想情感。
(六)拓展延伸
作者抓住了生活中一个平凡的镜头。
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇二
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇三
我说课的内容是义务教育课程标准实验教材人教版语文七年级上册第五单元第三篇课文《散步》。本单元的课文主题为亲情,所选的课文都是围绕着有关亲情和家庭生活,《散步》正是体现着浓浓亲情的一篇文章,文章记叙了一家三代野外散步的“生活细节”,表现出一家人之间的互敬互爱的真挚感情,体现了中华民族尊老爱幼的传统美德。学生可以通过自主、合作、探究的学习方式,进入牧歌式的情景,从中受到启示和教育。因此,本文在全套教材中的地位和作用不可忽视。
七年级的学生正处于发展独立思维的重要阶段,他们的主动性和求知欲都已大大提高,不再喜欢被动地接受知识,已初步具有自主、合作、探究学习的能力。但同时缺乏良好的观察生活的品质,对生活缺少体验,对散文知识的了解知之甚少,而且由于受社会上许多不良因素影响和家庭误导,许多学生没有形成正确的家庭道德伦理准则。
因此,我通过引导学生去自读自悟,运用自主探究的方法学习,通过朗读、圈画、质疑、小组讨论、比较研究与拓展强化,从中对散文有初步的了解和鉴赏;体会课文浓浓的亲情,并从中感悟出正确的家庭伦理道德准则。
1、知识与能力目标:整体感知课文;继续练习朗读和圈点勾画,积累语言;锻炼理解能力和表达能力;发展思维能力和想象能力。
2、过程与方法目标:抓住关键语句精读课文,自主、合作、探究,领悟课文深长的意味。同时借鉴举轻若重、以小见大的写法。
3、情感态度价值观目标:感受文章字里行间的亲情与责任感,形成尊老爱幼、珍爱亲情、珍爱生命的思想感情。
教学重点:品味文章语言‘举轻若重’的特点,感受课文浓浓的亲情,学习表达生活之美。
教学难点:如何组织小组活动,寻找典型词句,体会文章语言‘举轻若重’的特点和课文深长的意味,初步学会运用‘举轻若重’的写法。
一、唤起学生对现实生活的感受,导入新课
首先,我请学生讲述生活中被小事感动过的经历,唤起学生对现实生活的感受,导入新课。这样导入既与学生交流情感,亦定下课堂基调。同时以学生现有的生活积累为学习的前提,可锻炼学生积累生活、感悟生活的能力,达到教材与生活,作者与读者情感上的沟通。
二、诵读课文,整体感悟
接着让学生通过朗读,整体感悟文本。为了激起学生的学习兴趣和求知欲望,我利用学生争强好胜的心理,以竞赛的形式,并且是与老师竞赛的形式强化他们的主体意识。学生先推选代表与我进行配乐朗读比赛,由学生进行评判并归纳出本文的朗读要求后,再让学生自由读课文,思考一家人在散步中发生了什么事?最后是怎么解决的?找出散步的人、时、地、原因。这样,通过朗读,初步感知了课文内容,学生不知不觉地神游其中,与作者在情感上产生共鸣。
三、师生合作,初步发现
在学生初步感知课文内容后,我引导学生把目光投向课文的第一、二节,找出并品味这两节中比较“特别”的词语和句式,如:“我们在田野散步:我,我的母亲,我的妻子和儿子”这句话,讨论作者为什么要这样表达?这与习惯上的表达方式有什么不同?作者为什么在文章开头郑重其事地推出这样一个镜头?这样,通过比较、讨论,归纳出本文语言的主要特点——举轻若重。学生经过自主探究,发现本文用词、句式的不同寻常,切入到本课的主要目标——通过语言的探究,品味课文深长的意味。同时教师在适当的时候可进行归纳,帮助学生把对具体内容的推敲上升到理性的认识。
四、自主探究,小组合作
在前面学生自己阅读、发现的基础上,分四人小组合作,圈画后面几节文字中体现“举轻若重”的句式与词语,进一步探究语言。这样,小组活动,师生互动。然后,每个小组派代表与全班交流,可选择一个句子或一个词语。本文运用“举轻若重”方法的词语和句式很多。在探讨这些词语时,主要是要分析这些词
语是如何“举轻若重”的,是如何把小事看成很大的。我在交流中适当引导,同时创设问题情境引发学生思考,培养他们的发散思维,渗透情感教育。提出“母亲和儿子两人意见不统一,为什么要用‘分歧’这么大的词?”等问题。学生围绕问题思考讨论、发表见解,体会文章意境,逐步领悟做人的道理,得到情感的熏陶。
在探讨文章中“举轻若重”的句式时,我注重锻炼学生寻找关键语句理解课文主旨的能力,通过学生自主探究,交流合作,最终挖掘出课文主旨,充分体现学生在学习过程中的主体地位。如文中体现主旨的一句话:“我的母亲虽然高大,然而很瘦,自然不算重;儿子虽然很胖,毕竟幼小,自然也轻。但我和妻子都是慢慢地,稳稳地,走得很仔细,好像我背上的同她背上加起来,就是整个世界。”这句话在句式上整散结合,使文章语言显得错落有致,同时也使文章更有深意,富有哲理,它是文章的主旨所在,它暗示着中年人肩负着承前启后的重任,对生活的一种使命感。在探讨时,我让学生反复朗读、品味,鼓励他们对这句话发表独特见解,挖掘出主旨,感受字里行间的亲情与责任感,形成尊老爱幼、珍爱亲情、珍爱生命的美好的思想感情。
五、拓展,强化发现
在这里,我设计了这样的环节:《散步》这篇文章选进教材时删了三处文字,我出示这三句话让学生进行比较阅读。因为讨论编者的删改意图相对于初一学生有一定难度,我先请学生评价删改的效果,再揣摩编者的意图。我尽量让学生发表自己的意见,“且放杜鹃林中啼”,因为作者、编者与我们是平等的,从而养成学生平等审视的意识。
然后,我又努力调动学生的积累,向课外拓展。指出举轻若重的语言能把小事情写得庄重、意义不凡,有些能使文章变得轻松幽默。引导学生联想平时生活或阅读中类似的例子,从而使学生能够关注生活中的语言。在学生理解运用之后,我进一步点明:语言运用上有举轻若重,也有举重若轻。并引导学生举例分析。最后进行小结:无论是举轻若重还是举重若轻,关键要注意场合,把握分寸,得体是前提,在这个基础上,再追求个性化的表达,形成自己的特色、风格。然后,我出示北京申奥时何振梁先生的一席话让学生课后去仔细品味语言的得体、精妙。
六、比较:验证发现
在课文后面有一篇题为《三代》的短文,主题与《散步》相近,又有差异,情节差别较大,语言风格也各有千秋。可让学生进行比较阅读,验证发现,探讨哪个故事更感动?并说说理由。阅读是个性化行为,“感动”这种情感更是个性化的,因此鼓励学生言之成理即可。这项任务如果来不及在课上完成的话,就作为一项研究性的作业,向课外拓展,深入探究。
七、反思与小结
在反思与小结这个环节,我先是让学生联系实际谈谈通过本课学习后的收获和启示。设计这样一个空白点,不仅使学生在回味中对本节课巩固了认识,同时也培养了学生良好的学习习惯。然后我进行总结,并播放歌曲《常回家看看》,师生齐唱。这样,再次把课堂气氛推向高潮,增强学生的情感体验。
八、作业布置
我根据本课的教学重点,布置了两个作业:
1、老师的建议:大家把文章带回家和爸爸妈妈一起读,也许会有更多的收获。我认为与父母共读,亦是多角度阅读的一种形式。也是孩子与成人的一种交流。
2、尝试用“举轻若重”的写法,描述自己生活中被小事感动过的经历或者值得一写的“生活细节”,展现语言魅力,描绘生活之美。引导学生关注生活,品味生活。因为实践是最好的学习途径,读与写有机结合、相得益彰,并使学生做到学以致用。
九、板书设计
我这节课的板书是这样设计的:
(略)
本课的板书,我把它分成主板和副板,主板设计了一个围着“爱”字的心形,四个人物的位置也做了处理,这些都紧扣住了文章的主旨。同时,也让学生在有限的课堂时空中获得无限的美的享受。副板的设计扣住文章的重难点,起到“画龙点睛”的作用。
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇四
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇五
尊敬的评委下午好:
我说课的课题是莫怀戚的《散步》。
下面我从教材的分析、学情分析、教学目标、教学重点难点的确定、教学方法的运用、学法指导、大致的教学流程等几个方面汇报本课的教学设计。
本课是七年级上册第五单元的一篇自读课文,这一单元以家庭、亲情为主题,注重人生体验。《散步》是一篇文质兼美的散文,它寓景美、人美、情美于一体,字里行间扬溢着浓浓而真挚的亲情,不仅为我们展示了一幅家人散步时互敬互爱、融洽和睦的画卷,更为我们谱写了一曲尊老爱幼的道德颂歌。虽然与本单元前两篇课文《风筝》《羚羊木雕》一样都以家庭生活为主,都有矛盾冲突,但前者给予的更多的是反思,而本文则主要从家庭伦理准则的角度,对学生进行正面、积极的引导,并且内容更贴近学生生活。因此,我认为本文是让学生走进文本,对话文本,在“人生体验”中达到体验人生目的好教材。
“语文教学要让学生初步领悟作品的内涵,从中获得对自然、社会、人生的有益启示”,“丰富语言的积累,培养语感,发展思维,重视提高学生的品德修养和审美情趣”语文新课标的基本理念。培养学生尊老爱幼的思想感情,增强亲情观念,提高人文素养是本课的教学任务之一。本课的教学对象是七年级学生,他们基本是都是90后独生子女,“独生子女现象”普遍存在,不少孩子“唯我独尊”,家庭亲情观念淡薄,缺乏正确的家庭伦理道德准则。因此,本文教学时,对于七年级学生而言,理解事件本身并不难,但要引导学生发掘文本主旨、感悟亲情及由此引发对于家庭伦理准则的思考会有一定的难度。
基于以上分析,我设定的教学目标和重点、难点如下:
本课教学目标为:
1准确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,感知文章基本内容。
2以文本为范例,指导学生揣摩词语的含义,品味文章语言的方法。
3学习文章以小见大、一事一理,从平凡的小事中挖掘出深意的写法;
4体味文中浓浓的亲情,培养学生尊老爱幼的家庭伦理传统美德。
根据教材特点、学生的实际以及教学目标,确定:
教学重点为:目标2、4
教学难点为: 目标3、如何理解文章具有象征意义的最后一句话
为达成以上目标,突出重点,突破难点,本课拟采用以下教学方法:
1、以文本为范例,组织学生自主品味语言,并在教师的引导下归纳相关方法。
2、以小组形式,通过合作探究本文主旨。
3、朗读法、讨论法和点拨法相结合,品读文章。
4、多媒体辅助教学。
1、指导学生初读叙事类文章,整体感知内容的方法(初读“三问”:谁?在哪里?什么事?)
2、引导学生抓住关键语句精读文本、品味语言。
3、通过自主、合作、探究的方式,发现文章的美点(从内容到形式)
课前播放《常回家看看》作一个铺垫。
1、 猜字游戏导入
谜面:上有老下有小—学生猜---教师解字:老小不分开为孝,老在上子在下,儿子担任着背负老人的责任这样才为孝。
当堂调查:你们一家三口和爷爷奶奶或外公外婆同吃的同学举手(举手的很少),如此看来大多数是老小分开的,孝出了问题。那么,如何解决这个问题?能不能不分开呢?分开与不分开的主要责任以在谁呢?从今天学习的课文《散步》中也许能够找到答案。
(设计意图:歌曲作情感铺垫,猜字游戏可以很快地激发七年级孩子的兴趣,抛出的问题与学生的生活体验相关,为突破教学难点设伏。)
2,听读、朗读,整体感知
(1)、听课文录音。
(2)、轻声地朗读课文。
(“听”和“读”是学生接触课文的开始,也是学生自主与文本进行情感交流最直接的方式。所以,在这一过程教师要给予学生充分的时间,让学生深入到文本中去。)
(3)、检查阅读效果:
从记叙的要素、顺序入手理清内容和文脉。并在概括的过程中引导学生找出核心事件“分歧”,以及产生分歧原因和解决分歧的办法。
(学习起步阶段要让每个学生感受到成功的愉悦。梳理内容的目的是强化“要素”意识,提醒学生初读文章时应该关注的要点有哪些,也是让不同程度的学生拉近距离,为下一步的学习活动提供一个共同的平台。
4品读课文 感悟亲情
我设计的主问题是:
①、你说说这一家子四口人中,谁的权力最大?在散步的过程中,你最欣赏谁的表现? ——以小组为单位进行讨论
老师在学生讨论结束后,再总结全班同学的发言,加以归纳明确。一家人的权力无大小之分,只有平等的关系。一切由爱决定。 这个“爱”,对长辈来说,是“爱幼”;对子女来说,是“尊老”。
②、学生总结归纳人物的特质 (这一设计的目的训练学生的归纳能力,学会运用精炼的词语来概括人物的性格特征。)
儿子:聪明乖巧,非常懂事。(着重引导学生将文中的儿子与现实中的“儿子”(自己)进行对比,突出现实生活中有的孩子以自我为中心,小皇帝,小公主形象。)
③关于教学难点,采用合作探究的方式。以小组为单位,交流探讨。
铺垫:再问导入部分的两个问题:如何解决“孝”这个问题?能不能不分开呢?分开与不分开的主要责任以在谁呢?归纳学生的回答水到渠成地理解文章最后一句具有象征意义的话---中年人肩负着承前启后的责任,家庭是这样,民族、国家也是如此。(边归纳边板书要点)
(这部分讨论旨在让学生自主探究,通过交流合作,最终挖掘出课文主旨、体会文章的人性美。(初步体会文中“以小见大”“一事一理”的写作手法。)对于学生的讨论和回答,教师应鼓励、肯定,积极引导,适时点拔。)
5、探究课文,品味语言
①、让学生采用圈点法划出自己认为精美的句子,看这些句子好在哪里?说说自己的发现。
预设:主要引导学生品味:(1)写景的句子 ,发现他们的意境美。 (2)对称的句式(体会它们的对称美,情趣美。)
(语文学习的要义之一就是学习语言,设计这一环节的目的是要在体会文章人性美的基础上探寻语言美,提高学生的语文素养。)
②、学生有感情的朗读课文精彩片段。
(朗读是感受、理解文章的有效手段。通过朗读加深印象,培养语感)
6、结束语:
古人云:百善孝为先,子欲养而亲不待。对长辈、父母我们要心怀感恩(播放《感恩的心》),此刻,你有什么感受,或最想对自己的爷爷奶奶、外公外婆、爸爸妈妈说些什么?用一段文字把它写下来,课后和大家一同分享。
最后是作业布置:
7、布置作业:以家庭生活为素材,以亲情为主题,运用“以小见大”“一事一理”的写法,写一个片段(300字左右)。
考虑到七年级学生的实际水平以及刚开始学习“以下见大”“一事一理”的写法,特作出分层要求,学生可根据自己的情况选择,这也符合个性化的要求,具体是:最低要求:仿写文中的某个片段//一般要求:独立构思,能表现出亲情//较高要求:能提炼出一个简单的道理。
8、板书设计:
板书设计主要是为了体现教学内容的要点,突出教学重难点。
附:板书:
百 善 孝 为 先
+
散 步 分歧 +
(莫怀戚)
||
整个世界(责任 使命)
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇六
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇七
尊敬的各位
领导、老师:
你们好!我说课的内容是《散步》。莫怀戚先生所写的这篇文质兼美的散文《散步》是义务教育课程人教版七年级上册第五单元的一
篇自读课文。它不仅为我们展示了一幅家人散步时互敬互爱、融洽和睦的画卷,更为我们谱写了一曲尊老爱幼的颂歌。相信随着作者一家人散步过后,我们每一位朋友都会陶然沉醉于家的温馨和美之中,也会浸润在血浓于水的暖暖亲情里,更会加倍珍惜我们生命历程中的每一个落日和朝阳。
《新课标》强调审美体验,注重引导学生设身处地、身临其境、用情感和心灵去感受、欣赏、评价文学作品,进而受到优秀作品的感染和激励,得到情感熏陶,获得
思想启迪,享受审美乐趣。本单元的主题是人生体验。集人性美、情感美、景物美和语言美于一体的《散步》要想在“人生体验”中达到体验人生的目的,就需要学生真正走进文本,用心灵和情感去感受、体悟。
根据课文课程标准的基本精神,语文课的重要目的之一是要提高学生的品德修养和审美情趣。本课对象是七年级学生,由于社会上一些不良因素的误导,许多学生亲情观念淡薄,没有形成正确的家庭伦理准则,因此需要教师进一步加强教育。
基于《新课标》知识与能力、过程与方法、情感态度价值观三个维度,我确定了这样的教学目标:1、正确、流利、有感情朗读课文,提高审美情趣;2、合作、探究、揣摩关键词句的含义,并通过指导朗读,品味语言美。3、培养尊老爱幼的高尚美德,感悟亲情美,提高学生人文素养。那么,如何将目标转化成现实?这就要看重难点的准确定位了。
青少年
思想不成熟,易受不良因素的影响,较难形成正确的家庭道德伦理意识。同时散文诗意的语言更是令人咀嚼不已、玩味无穷。因此,我把教学重点确定为:
重点:(1)培养尊老爱幼的
思想感情,感悟亲情美,提高学生人文素养。
(2)揣摩精美词句,品味语言的美;难点:
理解具有象征意义的最后一句话。
那么,采用什么方法将重点化解到教学中,又如何引领学生寻找解除难点这一杂症的灵丹妙药就成了目前的当务之急。法宝就在下面的教法和学法这一环节中。
1、教法:以朗读及朗读指导为经,以引导学生感悟、品味、讨论、探究为纬。经纬交织的方法。
2、学法:通过自主、合作、探究的学习方式,抓关键语句,深入思索,反复品味,加深感悟,提升感情。
教法和学法这把双刃剑怎样才能游刃有余地在课堂这块阵地上发挥威力呢?重难点这两种溶质又如何充分溶解在教学过程这一溶剂中,变成营养丰富的溶液被学生吸收继而实现教学目标呢?这就要看下面的环节——教学过程的实施了。
(一)、在轻音乐伴奏下激情导入
有一种水,能让你喝醉,这种水叫作母爱,因为母爱如水。有一座山,能让你坚韧,这座山叫作父爱,因为父爱如山。我们的父母在艰辛和苦难里繁衍生息,才有了我们的幸福与安宁。如今,他们老了,孱弱的双肩担不起重负,今天,就让我们搀扶着他们走进暖暖的春日,去进行一次心灵的散步。
(二)、教学目标(前面已经说过这里不再重复)
(三)、读文生情整体感知
1、配乐朗读,(课件显示朗读要求):
a、把握感情基调欢愉而深沉
b、朗读的语气:温和亲切中含庄重
c、朗读的语调:平稳、深沉、抒情
d、朗读的语速:中速略舒缓
(看
到大家深情的朗读,我也仿佛沉浸在亲情的世界里,我想大家一定感知了许多道理,让我们一起来探究下面两个问题。)
思考:(1)文中写了一件什么事?
(2)从文中的字里行间,你看到了一个怎样的家庭?
2、反馈、点评、
小结:(1)我们一家四人、在春天的田野里、散步。
(2)归结为“和美”(板书)
(下面就让我们把自己也融入这样一个“和美”的家庭,去感悟他们美丽的心灵。讨论)
(四)、研读入境合作讨论
1、展示:(1)在整个散步过程中,你最欣赏谁的表现?理由是?(小组口头)
(2)在走大路、还是走小路的问题上,到底谁说了算?(班上书面)
2、划分4人小组、要求:①个人见解独到、精彩,每人欣赏一个人。
②小组观点一致:中心、补充、记录、发言代表
3、小组讨论,教师参与,点评讨论情况。
4、反馈、
小结。
(1)检查一个小组:对四人的欣赏、理由。(2)不存在谁的权利最大,“和美”的家庭是由尊老爱幼的亲情链组成的。
5、补充名人的话:培根说(展示)一个外国人如此欣赏中华民族的优良传统,作为一个
中国人就更应坚持和发扬)培养民族自豪感情。
(这是一篇短玲珑剔透、小精悍的叙事散文,但在写景上也别具特色。)
(五)、涵泳入理品味探究(默、朗结合,品味意境)1、思考:①文章哪几个段落有写景的片段?分别写了哪些景物?
②第4段:田野、新绿、嫩芽、冬水
第7段:菜花、桑树、鱼塘(“粼、鳞”、)
2、思考:①从你更喜欢片段中?感悟到了什么样的意境和哲理?
②男、女朗读,品味
③第4段:意境:蓬勃的生机——哲理:珍爱生命
第7段:意境:春天的召唤——哲理:热爱生活、。
(我们品味了
本文生机蓬勃的意境美,下面我们来揣摩文章清新淡雅的语言美。)
(六)、赏读入心拓展运用1、展示“前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子。”猜猜老师喜欢它原因?
2、反馈、形式:形式对称,音韵和谐,相映成趣,清新淡雅。
内容:生生不息(如果我们
写作增添亮色)
3、这样的句子在文中还有很多,请画出来(每组看两段,找到一句即可举手)4、深情赏读:领读—跟读,
评价。
当我们闭上眼睛,一幅幅感人的画面便呈现在我们面前,是谁在日落昏黄时,倚在窗前焦急地盼我们归家,又是谁在我们出门时,仔细叮咛;当然是我们的父母。5、仿写:“爸爸妈妈是_______;我是______。”
(“和美”的家需要我们用心去经营,需要我们用责任去支撑。)
6、朗读最后一段,感悟最后一句的含义。
7、反馈、
小结:以轻衬重,体现了作者强烈的责任感和使命感。(再读)
(多媒体低音播放《让爱住我家》歌曲,进入下一环节)(七)、凝神细想,独抒性灵
为了学以致用,练习对称句式的写法,也为了借助文本激发学生与心灵对话,与生活对话,所以设计了这样一道题:
请以“爱”、“家”或“亲情”为开头写一组对称的比喻句。
设计中考虑到学生的学情和语文基础的差异,我设计了下面的几个开头,让抒写有困难的学生采用仿句的形式续写,能仿写多少就写多少;基础好的学生自己另辟蹊径写,然后交流。
①亲情是饥肠辘辘时的一碗米饭,……②亲情是爸爸严厉的批评与责骂,……
①如久旱后的一场甘霖,……②爱如沙漠中的一泓清泉,……
①家是一个幸福的摇篮,需要我们用心灵来呵护;……②家是一副沉沉的担子,需要我们用责任来担当;……
在音乐的激荡下,学生尘封已久的记忆犹如洪水般一泄如注,思绪也随之荡漾开来,平日里被忽略的小事此刻都变成了爱的源泉,在汩汩流淌在每一位同学的心田。于是下笔如有神助。
(八)、教学
小结:
(继续低音播放《让爱住我家》,教师寄语。亲情不单靠今天课堂上片刻的时间来体会,
它更需要我们用一生的光阴来感悟。
亲情不单是父母无条件的付出,
它更应该是儿女们无言的回报。
让我们的家永远洋溢着亲情,让我们的家永远充满爱!
(九)、课后作业:(父亲的故事过渡)
1、为你的长辈做一件你力所能及的事(如“洗脚”、“洗衣”、“梳头”等)
2、将这一过程及感受写成一
篇300字左右的短文。
板书的设计主要让学生对一堂课的结构和内容有更直观的认识,帮助学生理清课堂教学内容,由最初的感性认识上升到理性阶段。好了,我的说课就到这里,谢谢大家!
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇八
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇九
1、教材简析
(本说课内容在学科知识体系中所处地位和作用)
莫怀戚的《散步》这篇课文是七年级语文上册第五单元的一篇自读课文,第五单元的学习要求是要在整体感悟课文内容的基础上,注意语言的积累和运用,并学习朗读和圈点勾画。所以,教学这篇《散步》,要在学生学习前面课文所掌握的方法的基础上,在老师的启发指导下,学生的合作探究过程中,学生运用所学方法,继续巩固单元要求。
2、教学目标
通过对教材的分析,根据学生的实际情况和新课程标准,确定教学目标为:
1、知识和技巧目标:准确、流利、有感情地朗读课文
2、过程和方法目标:揣摩词句的含义,品味文章的语言美
3、思想感情和价值观:培养尊老爱幼的思想感情,提高学生的人文素养
3、教学重点和难点
教学重点的确定是根据教材的特点、教学的目标及学生的实际;至于教学难点,则是就学生接受而言,学生经过预习,还存有疑问,理解还存在困难的地方。所以,确定本课的教学重点和难点为:
a、教学重点:1、培养尊老爱幼的思想感情,提高学生的人文素养
2、揣摩精美词句,品味语言的美
b、教学难点:如何理解具有象征意义的文章最后一句话。
1、教法
在教师有效的指导下,学生运用自主探究的方法探究主旨、品味语言。
教师还可借用多媒体来辅助教学,有利于扩大教学的容量,并且可以使教学内容更加形象、直观,有利于调动、激发学生学习的积极性和兴趣。
2、学法
先让学生熟读课文,整体感知课文;然后引导学生通过自主、合作、探究的学习方式,抓住关键语句精读课文,深入思索,反复咀嚼,领悟课文深长的意味,提高学生的思维能力,培养尊老爱幼的思想感情。在学习时,我认为要充分调动学生的积极性,充分发挥学生的主观能动性,让学生真正成为学习的主人。
(一)、如何导入
结合日常生活,引入学习。
出示问题:你们一家人经常一起散步吗?散步过程中发生过什么有趣的事情?
――请两位同学讲述经历,与大家共享。
(新知识的学习往往是在原有知识的基础上进行的,以学生现有的生活积累为学习的前提,引导学生培养自己积累生活感悟生活的能力,给新的学习构筑起合适的背景,奠定教材与生活,作者与读者以及教师与学生情感上有效沟通的基础,有利于新知的学习。)
(二)、出示目标
(据有关人士分析,有明确目标的学习与目标不明确的学习,效果相差9倍,设计这一步的原因是对教与学起统帅作用,使学生的学习有明确的方向性。)
(三)、朗读课文,整体感知
1、听课文录音,初步体会文章的语言美、情感美。
2、轻声地朗读课文,熟悉课文的内容。
(“听”和“读”是学生接触课文的开始,也是学生自主与文本进行情感交流最直接的方式。所以,在这一过程教师要给予学生充分的时间,让学生深入到文本中去,理解文本、品味语言而不要流于形式。)
3、检查阅读效果:(屏幕显示)
a、散步的人有哪些?
b、散步的季节呢?
c、散步的地点?
d、散步中发生了什么事情?
e.结果如何?
(问题宜简单,学习起步阶段要尽量让每个学生感受到成功的愉悦。梳理内容的目的是提醒学生初读文章时应该关注的要点有哪些,也是让不同程度的学生拉近距离,为下一步的学习活动提供一个共同的平台。)
(四)、研读课文 探究主旨
1、你说说这一家子四口人中,谁的权力最大,谁有真正的决定权?
――同学们以小组为单位从以下四个方面进行讨论
(1)“我”听母亲的:
(2)母亲听孙儿的:
(3)妻子听“我“的:
(4)儿子听“我”的:
2、那么究竟听谁的呢?
――由“爱”决定,这个“爱”,对长辈来说,是“爱幼”;对子女来说,是“尊老”。
3、文章最后说“我背上的同她背上的加起来的,就是整个世界。”这是不是也太夸张了呢?为什么把背母亲、背儿子写得那么郑重其事?
――请同学们齐读课文最后一段,体会这段话的深刻含义。学生以小组为单位,互相交流探讨一下说说你对这段话的理解。
――“我”背的是母亲,妻子背的是儿子。母亲给我们以生命,而儿子又是这生命的延续。这血脉相连的三代人紧紧连接在一起,构成了生命的整体的。如今,我们把母亲和儿子背在背上前行,正是背负着完整的生命世界,因而油然产生了一种深沉的、庄严的感觉,这正是家庭生活中、人类社会中承前启后的一代中年人特有的心理感受的。
(这部分讨论旨在让学生自主探究的,通过交流合作,最终挖掘出课文主旨、体会文章的人性美。对于学生的讨论和回答,教师应鼓励、肯定的,积极引导,适时点拔。)
(五)、探究课文,品味语言
本文语言优美,值得我们好好的揣摩揣摩,下面我们采用鉴赏法来仔细品味一下。
1、同学们读课文,采用圈点法划出自己认为精美的句子,看这些句子好在哪里?可能有的句子:
(1)写景的句子
――对南方初春田野的描写(第四段)
――描写母亲所看到的小路远处的景物(第七段)
(2)传情的句子(请学生有感情地朗读这些句子)
――“母亲本不愿出来的------便去拿外套”(写出了母子二人的情态,母亲的老迈、顺从,儿子的诚恳、孝敬。“正因为如此”一句透露了“我”的文化修养。)
(3)对称的句式(让学生自己找出来,体会它们的对称美,互相映衬,富有情趣)
――有的浓,有的淡。
――我和母亲在前面,我的妻子和儿子走在后面。
――前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子。
――母亲要走大路,大路平顺;儿子要走小路,小路有意思。
――我的母亲老了,她早已习惯听从她强壮的儿子;我的儿子还小,他还习惯听从他高大的父亲。
――我蹲下来,背起了母亲,妻子也蹲下来,背起了儿子。
――我的母亲虽然高大,然而很瘦,自然不算重;儿子虽然很胖,毕竟幼小,自然也轻。
(语文学习的要义之一就是学习语言,设计这一环节的目的是要在体会文章人性美的基础上探寻语言美,提高学生的语文素养。)
(六)、朗读课文,加深体会
通过刚才的分析,我们知道本文是一篇流露着人性美、语言美的文章,这么优美的文章,我们是不是应该好好朗读一下?
(大屏幕显示朗读要求:朗读时要注意文章的感情基调、语气、语调、语速几方面)
1、引导学生分析本文的朗读基调:欢愉而深沉
2、“我”的语气、语调应该怎样把握?
提示:可以从以下几个方面考虑的。
(1)“我”是个中年男子。
(2)在这个家庭中,“我”是核心人物的。
(3)散步中,处处表现“我”“孝敬”母亲,又疼爱妻子、儿子的感情。
(语气:温和,亲切中含着庄重;语调:平稳,声音不宜过高或过低)
3、学生有感情的朗读课文。
(朗读是感受、理解文章的有效手段,也是检测学生是否真正理解课文的手段之一。好文章应不厌多读。)
(七)、拓展升华,拥抱亲情
1、通过刚才的朗读,我们的思想又做了一次高尚而愉悦的旅行。那么,我们每个同学你在十几年的生活经历中,一定也亲身感受过人与人之间的真挚情意,请回忆一下,然后与同学进行交流。注意要求(1)围绕“亲情”这一主题(2)谈出自己的亲身感受。
(教材是教师与学生之间的桥梁,是已知与未知的中介,学习过程中,认真研究教材是必要的,但是学习课文又不能局限于教材。课内外结合的,以外促内是学习语文的好方法。)
(八)、课堂小结:
1、通过本节课的学习,都学到了什么?在思想上感悟到什么?
――自由回答,言之有理即可。
2、我们学习这篇文章,就是想让同学们懂得家庭成员之间要互相谦让,互相体贴,互敬互爱,这样才能使你的家庭稳定、幸福! 同时也让我们珍爱亲情,珍爱生命! 最后我们一起唱首歌,来感受这人间最美好的感情――亲情。教师放歌曲《常回家看看》,学生齐唱。
(音乐最能撞击人们的心灵,设计此环节的目的通过感受自己从家中得到的温暖和爱,使学生对亲情的理解得到升华。)
(九)、课后作业:
1、把围绕“亲情”的说话练习写成200字左右的短文
2、在课外阅读中,你读过类似课文这样感人的文章吗?请向大家推荐一篇让我们同学来共同感受一下。
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇十
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇十二
组织同学们用最短的时间读文章,并能够用自己的话概括文章的主要内容,教师做好归纳与整合。本文主要写了我们一家四口人早春在田间散步的事情,展现了作者一家互敬互爱、和谐相处的生活画面。
之所以这样设计,主要还是遵循了“轻松走进”课堂的原则,让同学们感觉到学习语文是很简单的事情,是每个人都能做好的事情。只不过是不同的人所说的内容不同而已,程度好一点的学生概括的全面一些。同时,这样既锻炼了同学们的整体感知能力,又锻炼了孩子们的口头表达能力和语言概括能力。并且还营造了一种民主、宽松、和谐的课堂氛围,为下面课堂的推进做了很好的铺垫。时间5分钟左右。
同学们细读文章,画出自己最喜欢的句子,并加以品析。要求每人至少找两处来品析,并且分别从不同的角度来赏析,提示学生可以从句子内容出发,抓住关键词语来赏析,比如“我的母亲又熬过了一个严冬”,句子中“熬”字既写出了忍受痛苦度过严冬的情景,又写出了为母亲安然无恙而庆幸的心情;还可以从语言特点方面来分析,如“有的浓,有的淡”“母亲要走大路,大路平顺;我的儿子要走小路,小路有意思”等,句式对称,形式优美,读起来有一种节奏感;还可以从个人感受来谈。在这个过程中,要别关注待转化生,因为他们对学习不感兴趣,很难在短时间内进入状态。这时老师一句温馨的话,比如有困难吗?需要我帮忙吗?或者是一个友爱的眼神,就能帮助他们尽快投入到学习中。给学生充分自主的空间,让他们去圈点勾画,找自己喜欢的语言品析、玩味,充分体现了学生的主体地位,让学生感受到学习过程的愉悦。
根据学生圈点批注的情况,组织同学们小组交流,互相借鉴、补充、添加、完善。
时间约8分钟。
汇报的环节为先说出自己喜欢的句子在哪一段,并且用自己喜欢的方式读出来,然后说出自己的理解与感悟,其他同学可以即兴评价,可以补充,可以质疑,可以拓展。比如有的同学可能会谈到文章第四段:
这南方初春的田野,大块小块的新绿随意地铺着,有的浓,有的淡;树上的嫩芽也密了;田里的冬水也咕咕地起着水泡。这一切都使人想着一样东西——生命。这段话通过对初春美景的描绘,表现了春天蓬勃的生机。一般情况下,同学们都会说到这一点。有的同学不仅理解了这一点,可能还会联想到以前学过的写景的片段诵出来;或者想到自己家乡初春的景色,即兴说出来或写出来;或为这段文字写上一首小诗;或者围绕着这种美景画出一幅画,然后说出画面的内涵;或者为这段文字配上音乐唱出来等。
补充说明:由于此处设计的是学生自主回报,难免会出现学生的发言头上一句脚上一句的现象,给人一种杂乱无章的感觉,别着急,越是这样,越能看出老师的教学智慧。一个比较好的做法便是对学生的发言要洗耳恭听,当学生说到某一个关键词或句子时,要追问。比如文章第五段:
我和母亲走在前面,我的妻子和儿子走在后面。小家伙突然叫起来:“前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子。”我们都笑了。
同学们可能会说出这个地方可以看出家庭的和谐和幸福,气氛融洽、祥和。我抓住关键点:和谐和幸福,气氛融洽、祥和。请同学们找一找文章中哪些地方还表现了这一点?同学们便会把体现这一点的内容找到,老师做好总结与归纳,再进入下一个关键点的赏析。
由于学生的学习是自主的,往往孩子们喜欢哪句就说哪句,对于个别较难理解且又是重点的句子无人设计,比如文章最后一句:但我和妻子都是慢慢地,稳稳地,走得很仔细,好像我背上的同她背上的加起来,就是整个世界。
如果遇到了这样的情况,教师一定要注意及时把问题抛出来,让同学们交流讨论,自主发言,根据学生发言的情况进行总结:中年人站在人生的中点上,也处在生命之链的关节上,既尊老又爱幼,体现了作者强烈的责任感和对生活的热爱。
以上内容预计15分钟左右。争取人人展示,个个发言,每个同学既是分享者,参与者,合作者,又是学习者,收获者。
结合学生发言的情况,教师做好总结和归纳:《散步》这篇文章是集人性美、情感美、景物美和语言美于一体的。
在这个过程中,教师要尊重学生的个性,启迪学生的灵性,诱发学生的悟性。《新课标》强调审美体验,注重引导学生设身处地、身临其境、用情感和心灵去感受、欣赏、评价文学作品,进而受到感染和激励,得到情感熏陶。
幸福家庭是美好温馨的,幸福家庭的生活细节也渗透着浓浓的亲情,它不仅在莫怀戚家中,也在我们每个人家里。请同学们说说自己家里的亲情故事。学生小组交流,代表发言。“语文是实践性很强的`课程”,要求语文教学要联系生活,设计讲述亲情故事,就是激活学生的生活体验,让他们在亲情的体验中加深对文本的解读。
时间约5分钟。
家因为有了深深的爱而温馨,家庭生活因为有了浓浓的亲情而美好。看到别人一家人温馨和谐,互敬互爱,想必同学们心中感情的弦也被拨动了,有千言万语想对亲人倾诉。请以“亲情”为主题,写一段文字,表达自己对亲情的理解或祝福。可以用诗歌的形式来表达,或对联的方式,或仿写,或歌曲,或三句半,或写一点自己独特的感悟……适合自己的就是最好的,用自己最喜欢的方式来表达。(教材是教师与学生之间的桥梁,是已知与未知的中介,学习过程中,认真研究教材是必要的,但是学习课文又不能局限于教材。课内外结合,以外促内是学习语文的好方法。)
亲爱的同学们:家,是一个幸福的摇篮,需要我们用心灵来呵护。家,更是一副沉沉的担子,需要我们每个人用责任来担当。只有这样,我们才能撑起一片爱的天空,营造一个幸福的家园。
初中语文《散步》说课稿篇十三
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初中语文《散步》说课稿篇十四
《散步》是七年级上册第二单元第二篇课文,本单元以亲情为主题,通过四篇不同国度、不同时段人们对亲情的理解的学习,调动学生的生活经验和情感体验,继而感受到亲情之类的情感内涵。《散步》是一篇充满诗意的散文,具有丰富的教学资源。
首先,它是培养学生朗读能力的资源。本文不仅篇幅短小,语言精美,而且内容贴近生活,人物形象鲜活,很适合拿来培养学生的朗读能力。
第二,它是培养学生写作能力的资源。作者莫怀戚运用小说笔法,在叙述“散步”这件简单的生活小事时,通过运用截选、嫁接与改造等方法,使事件富有了曲折性和镜头感,引人入胜。同时,在语言的运用上,作者还善于采用对称句、大词小用等方法来丰富文章内容。这些技巧都可以作为教师指导学生“跟课文学写作”的资源。
第三,它是培养学生感悟生活的资源。这篇文章选取的是生活中的平常小事,很容易调动学生的生活体验,激发他们的联想和思考。特别是当下,很多家庭都是以孩子为中心,往往忽略的年迈父母。这篇课文可以作为真切、鲜活的情感教育范例,来引导学生感悟生活,反思自我,接受伦理和情感的教育。
根据对教材的分析和学情的了解,我把本课的教学目标定为如下几点:一是学习朗读技巧,把握全文感情基调;二是畅谈朗读感受,理解课文深层意蕴;三是运用朗读方法,品味本文优美语言;四是设计活动方案,增加家庭幸福指数。
为了更好地解决理解课文深层意蕴和品味语言这两个重难点,我用“朗读法”贯穿整堂课的教学,用“散步”这一事件带出对人物形象的分析、对景物描写的赏析和深层情感的挖掘。具体策略如下:一是试读课文,找出要素概事件;二是美读课文,畅谈感受最深处;三是品读课文,体会散文语言美;四是走进生活,设计家庭日活动。
这四个活动分别体现如下意图:一是试读课文,旨在指导学生注意朗读的语气、节奏,并要求学生迅速找出六要素,概括本文所写事件;二是在美读课文的过程中,要求学生抓住自己的读后感,畅谈感悟,从而多角度理解课文内涵;三是品读课文中的“对称句”,体会语言的对称美;四是学生通过家庭活动方案的设计,感受到自我在家庭中的存在感和重要性,培养尊老爱幼、珍爱亲情、珍爱生命的情感。
在这四个活动中,我通过朗读法、讨论法,引导学生走进文本,走进生活。其中,在畅谈感悟环节,充分调动学生积极性,尊重学生个体感悟的同时,发挥小组合作的作用,让学生相互交流,相互帮助。
本课的教学过程分为四个步骤。
(一)试读课文,找出要素概事件。
首先让学生试读课文,揣摩朗读的语气和节奏,然后演读,同学间互评互读,教师适时点拨、指导、范读。要求学生在把握本文清新、明朗、愉悦、亲切、舒缓、从容的感情基调的基础上练习朗读。
然后,让学生在读的基础上,找出出时间、地点、人物、事件等要素,概括本文所写事件。学生不难概括:一家四口在初春的田野散步。我再相机引导学生完善散步的起因、经过和结果。
本环节我以读带思,既训练了学生的朗读技巧,又带着他们整体感知了课文。为后面的学习打下了良好的基础。
(二)美读课文,畅谈感受最深处。
第一步骤的设计,实际上是引导学生对课题进行了补充。然后,我让学生自由朗读课文,引导他们关注自己的阅读感受,要求在自己感受最深的地方做上批注。提示他们可以以六要素为感受点来谈。
出示范例:“初春的田野”给我感受最深,你看,“这南方初春的田野,大块小块的新绿随意地铺着,有的浓,有的淡;树上的嫩芽也密了;田里的冬水也咕咕地起着水泡。这一切都使人想着一样东西——生命。”“她的眼随小路望去:那里有金色的菜花,两行整齐的桑树,尽头一口水波粼粼的鱼塘。”这些景物描写点染了春天的美丽和生机,传达出万物复苏的生命感慨,还展现了一家人散步的美好情景和幸福心情。
在学生独立思考后,我再把他们按座位分成几个小组,要求他们采用小组合作探究的方式,将自己感受最深的地方朗读出来,或者用表演的方式呈现出来。
学生展示时,我引导他们通过谈对一家四口的印象来学习分析人物形象,引导他们通过谈“散步”的起因、经过、结果来理解课文的深层意蕴,深入思考文章的主旨和情味。
在学生回答的基础上,我归纳总结:通过朗读优美的景语,我们仿佛也走进了南方初春的田野,感受到了勃勃生机;通过模仿文中人物的语气语调的朗读,我们仿佛看到了一个活泼可爱、聪慧机灵的小男孩,一个颇有担当、体贴孝顺、深沉稳重的中年男人,一个年迈体弱,却十分善解人意的慈祥老人,一个温柔贤惠、通情达理的年轻母亲;通过朗读结尾的关键语句,我们仿佛明白了这篇课文告诉我们的不仅是亲情和生命,而且还有一个中年人所要承受的扶老携幼的责任感和对家庭的使命感等等。
这一环节我通过浅显问题的设计,引导学生朗读自己感受最深的地方,畅谈自己的独特感受,来分析人物形象,理解课文的深层意蕴,力求做到深入浅出。
(三)品读课文,体会散文语言美。
这篇散文的语言充满诗情画意。除了因为在叙事中穿插了生动的景物描写外,主要还归功于文中大量的对称句。
这一环节中,我要求学生找出文中具有“两两对举出现,而字数和结构相同或大体相同”特点的句子。
出示范例:“她现在很听我的话,就像我小时候很听她的话一样。”
根据范例,学生不难找出“我和母亲走在前面,我的妻子和儿子走在后面”,“前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子”“母亲要走大路,大路平顺;我的儿子要走小路,小路有意思”等对称句。找出这些句子后,我让男女生配合读,然后不失时机的讲解对称句的特征和作用,并鼓励他们写一写,运用到自己的作文中。
本文的语言除了大量运用对称句之外,还有大词小用、小题大做的显著特点。例如,“分歧”“责任重大”这样的大词小用,增加了文章的幽默感和生活情趣;结尾的“好像我背上的同她背上的加起来,就是整个世界”似乎有点小题大做,但却含义深远、耐人寻味,起到了言有尽而意无穷的效果。在教学中,引导学生找的同时,也明确其作用,让学生将这些写法运用到以后的作文写作中。
(四)走进生活,设计家庭日活动。
通过前面三个环节的朗读、感悟、品味,学生对本文已有了自我的阅读体验,我适时引导学生调动自己的生活经历,说说自己的家庭生活,可以是温馨瞬间,也可以是相处困惑,提出来大家一起分享讨论。
然后,提出建议,希望每个学生都能为自己的家庭日设计一个活动方案,给几分钟让学生写一写,再拿出来在班上分享。设计不需要多么轰轰烈烈,只需要像散步一样自然、亲切,有可操作性,能增加家庭幸福指数就行。
设计这个环节的说和写,旨在引导学生将本节课的所学所悟运用到生活中,启发学生关注生活,关心家人,尊重长辈,珍爱生命。
《散步》是一篇文质兼美、构思精巧的散文。文章虽然简短,意蕴却十分深厚。作者只是选取了生活中散步这一日常小事,却为我们营造了一家人互敬互爱、互相谦让的和谐氛围,弘扬了中华民族尊老敬老的传统美德。
这篇看似浅显,却意蕴深厚的文章,如何教出深意呢?我尝试引导学生通过朗读走进文本,品味优美语句,透过生活小事,感知事件背后的亲情,挖掘背后的生命。
“一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特。”基于每个学生的阅读感悟不同,对课文内涵的理解不同,所以在引导学生分析文本时,我放手让学生自由选择自己感悟最深的内容,用朗读和表演的形式来演绎。充分尊重了学生的个性,调动了他们的积极性。
由此可见,如果能够突破寻常的课堂教学常规,引导学社积极开动脑筋,联系文本,深入体悟,一篇看似简单的散文所蕴含的深意也能被我们理解得很透彻。