在日常的学习、工作、生活中，肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢？接下来小编就给大家介绍一下优秀的范文该怎么写，我们一起来看一看吧。

北京 景点 英文篇一

机票：380，加燃油费等大概500 火车：z10，城站到北京南，13小时12分，18:16—07:28，硬座，194元 z9，北京南到城站，13小时13分，19:15—08:28，硬座，194元

住宿：

如家北京王府井店（比较热闹，小吃较多），200元 地址：北京市东城区王府井大街241号穆斯林大厦7层 电话：(010)65131111 如家北京宣武门店(北京南站地铁4号线直接抵达，1、2、4多条地铁在宣武门、西单站汇合)地址：北京市西城区宣武门东河沿胡同71号 电话：(010)51232266

游玩安排：

第一天：水立方即国家游泳中心，鸟巢都在北京奥林匹克公园不远，宣武门到那的路线如下 路线：地铁2号线（宣武门—鼓楼大街），往南走到鼓楼桥南换乘82路，直接到，大约1小时

第二天：北京要去八达岭长城，路线1：地铁2号从宣武门到德胜门西，再换乘919路支1上行（路上一小时）： 车 次 运营时间 发车地点 票价 备 注 919(空调车)6：00-17：00 德胜门 12元 五分钟一趟 919（普通车 6：00-17：00 德胜门 7元 五分钟一趟

德胜门西北京师范大学马甸桥西沙河水屯市场西环南路明皇蜡像宫南门旧县红泥沟昌平南口(共19站)，这是919的站.到时候你一打听大家都知道的.千万别去参加什么长城一日游那完全是骗钱的.路线2：做地铁2号从宣武门到西直门，走8分钟左右到北京北站，坐y567次火车到八达岭长城，近2小时，票价4.5元，早上7:30出发去景区，下午 15 ： 20 分从景区返回北京 票价：4.5元

第三天：清华、北大、颐和园，圆明园都在海淀区所以你可以选择一天去玩，其中北大的未名湖一定要看看的，先去北大直接从宣武门坐4号线到北大东门，到清华好走所以你先去那，坐地铁在13号线的五道口下车就是清华，清华看完了在门口找个拉车的5块钱到北大，北大到颐和园这么走

线路1： 从中关园出发，乘坐801路上行(祁家坟-颐和园北宫门)，抵达颐和园北宫门.约5.88公里

线路2： 从中关园北站出发，乘坐331路上行(新街口豁口-香山)，抵达颐和园.约4.25公里

第四天：天安门，故宫，瞻仰毛主席遗体，逛王府井大街，国家歌剧院等都可以在一天完成，因为他们都在天安门的附近，并且都不远，天安门的里面就是故宫，对面就是毛主席纪念馆。前门有几家百年老店。你如果想把天安门附近玩好，那最好用1-2天时间，因为故宫需要至少一个上午的时间，你可以从故宫的后门出去，然后到对面的北海公园看看，虽然不是最好 的时节，但是来了总是要看看皇上的后花园的吧，北海出来基本上一天的傍晚了，你们可以打个小摩托去王府井，当然如果不累走一会也是能到的，王府井有小吃一条街虽然不太好吃并且不太正宗但是对初次来北京的人已经是很不错的了，王府井的东西要贵一点，尽量少买那的东西，走走吃吃即可！（如果时间没有四天，那这一天的行程可以分散到前面几天，因为就在住宿附近不远~）

内联升 卖鞋的 好象是有4层呢 鞋都不贵 你要是看完了墙上挂的内联升的意思 估计你会买一双的

北京特色饮食：

瑞蚨祥 不料和堂装也是一绝 希望你有用啊 另外吃的地方我再给你找点

例如 王府井的全聚德 崇文门的便宜坊烤鸭 还有红桥老北京炸酱面 希望你喜欢 以下是复制过来的小吃 店名:小肠陈

特色:卤煮火烧

点评:提起享誉京华的传统名吃卤煮火烧，就一定要说小肠陈。时光流转，小肠陈家那口让外人看来有些神秘的卤汤锅，已经翻滚了一百多年。有四代传人先后在锅前执掌生意，而享用过汤锅中各色卤品的顾客已不计其数。“小肠陈”新推“卤煮什锦火锅”被评为“中国名菜”。地址:方庄小区环岛南芳群园三区11号楼 订餐电话:67620251

■店名:瑞宾楼 特色:褡裢火烧

点评:当年润明楼里的两个伙计罗虎祥、郝家瑞合伙在前门门框胡同开起一家饭馆，继续经营褡裢火烧，成为家喻户晓的名吃。做褡裢火烧，面要和得软硬适中;馅要把肥瘦猪肉剁成碎泥，放进葱姜后再用由猪棒骨和小柴鸡炖的高汤打馅;包的时候用拌好的馅放在皮儿上卷包好并封住两头，上铛时拉成扁长形;煎的时候要放在饼铛里，直到两面金黄才能出锅。说得轻巧，做来可不简单，没有一样不要功夫。地址:前门大栅栏门框胡同 订餐电话:63031100

■店名:金生隆 特色:爆肚

点评:金生隆的爆肚，依其牛羊肚不同部位分为13种。其中，羊肚板、羊肚葫芦、羊食食系儿、羊肚蘑菇又称爆肚中的四样“硬货”，为爆肚“发烧友”酷爱。关于这四样“硬货”的吃法，墙上悬挂的木质竖匾上刻有清人杂咏:“入汤顷刻便微温，作料齐全酒一樽。齿钝未能都嚼烂，囫囵下咽果生吞。”金生隆爆肚的作料分为爆肚作料和涮羊肉作料两种。配搭精细，各自对应。地址:八达岭高速三环北健德桥西北角 订餐电话:65279051

■店名:南来顺

特色:各式京味小吃百十种

点评:北京的小吃店有不少汇集在南城，南来顺便是代表之一。这里店大干净，人不多，一楼小吃，二楼炒菜。在经营的众多特色小吃中，豆汁、面茶、杂碎汤、门钉肉饼、艾窝窝等都很受欢迎，特别是有十几种麻花，大有一尺，小如鸡蛋，馓子麻花最出名。地址:南菜园街南口 电话:63547846

■店名:隆福寺小吃店 特色:以清真风味见长

点评:焦圈、蜜麻花、甜卷馃、豌豆黄、椰蓉糕、豆面糕等等，种类繁多。要是到了夏天，还能吃到美味的凉糕和凉粉。这里的灌肠也是十分出名，外焦里嫩，浇上蒜汁更是鲜美可口，正如清朝流传至今的诗中形容:“灌肠红粉一时煎，辣蒜咸汁说美鲜。” 地址:东四北大街隆福寺 电话:64060668

■店名:护国寺小吃店 特色:价廉物美，品种丰富

点评:从庙会中的“碰头食儿”传下来的北京小吃经过精细加工，变得小巧可爱起来。墩儿饽饽、枣卷馃、姜汁儿插排、糖耳朵，还有驴打滚、面茶、豆汁儿、杂碎汤，都值得一尝。地址:护国寺大街人民剧场对面 电话:66181705

■店名:庆丰包子铺

特色:老字号包子铺，专营传统三鲜包子和炒肝

点评:庆丰包子铺可是京城最有名的包子铺了，历史悠久，包子当然是个儿大馅多，鲜美无比。另外，炒肝也是老北京的特色，想吃遍北京小吃，莫忘了这一道。地址:西安门大街北 电话:66175487

■店名:锦芳小吃

特色:从民国创店至今，以元宵出名，小吃品种很多

点评:元宵有几十种馅儿，如山楂、青梅、桂花、豆沙、什锦、奶油、椰蓉等，除元宵外再推荐一些美味:麻团、杏仁茶、艾窝窝、奶油炸糕、糖火烧、一品烧饼等。地址:红桥十字路口北 电话:67169788

■店名:白魁老号

特色:清真饭庄，烧羊肉最为出名

点评:除烧羊肉外这里还有一样绝活叫“一窝丝”，是种拉面，爽滑筋道。此外，炸松肉、糖卷馃、烧肚板都很好吃。地址:东四隆福寺 电话:64060667

■店名:馄饨侯 特色:馄饨

点评:这里的馄饨被形容为“皮薄如纸，其馅三肥七瘦，一碗二两的馄饨，一两皮，一两馅，分毫不差”。地址:北京有多家分店.购物街区

北京是唯一入选世界15大购物之都的内地城市，拥有百余家大中型购物商场。王府井大街、前门大栅栏、西单商业街是北京的传统商业区；国贸商城、东方新天地、中关村广场是近年来新崛起的商业巨擘。

如果您对古玩感兴趣，就到琉璃厂或潘家园的古玩城逛逛吧。如果您对外贸服装情有独钟，那可一定别错过秀水街和雅秀服装批发市场。景泰蓝、玉器、丝绸刺绣等历史悠久；民间手工艺品，如泥人、京剧脸谱、风筝、剪纸等物美价廉，都是馈赠亲友的上佳礼品

费用预算（2人）：飞机去，火车返，（500+200）*2=1400 住宿：200*4=800 吃饭：75*4=300 地铁等其他：20+60+30+20+100=240 共计：2740元人民币

地铁1号线

苹果园-古城路-八角游乐园-八宝山-玉泉路-五棵松-万寿路-公主坟-军事博物馆-木樨地-南礼士路-复兴门-西单-天安门西-天安门东-王府井-东单-建国门-永安里-国贸-大望路-四惠-四惠东(共23站)2号线

积水潭-鼓楼大街-安定门-雍和宫-东直门-东四十条-朝阳门-建国门-北京站-崇文门-前门-和平门-宣武门-长椿街-复兴门-阜成门-车公庄-西直门-积水潭(共19站)4号线

安河桥北-北宫门-西苑-圆明园-北京大学东门-中关村-海淀黄庄-人民大学-魏公村-国家图书馆-动物园-西直门-新街口-平安里-西四-灵境胡同-西单-宣武门-菜市口-陶然亭-北京南站-马家堡-角门西-公益西桥(共24站)5号线

天通苑北-天通苑-天通苑南-立水桥-立水桥南-北苑路北-大屯路东-惠新西街北口-惠新西街南口-和平西桥-和平里北街-雍和宫-北新桥-张自忠路-东四-灯市口-东单-崇文门-磁器口-天坛东门-蒲黄榆-刘家窑-宋家庄(共23站)8号线

北土城-奥体中心-奥林匹克公园-森林公园南门 10号线

巴沟-苏州街-海淀黄庄-知春里-知春路-西土城-牡丹园-健德门-北土城-安贞门-惠新西街南口-芍药居-太阳宫-三元桥-亮马桥-农业展览馆-团结湖-呼家楼-金台夕照-国贸-双井-劲松(共22站)13号线

西直门-大钟寺-知春路-五道口-上地-西二旗-龙泽-回龙观-霍营-立水桥-北苑-望京西-芍药居-光熙门-柳芳-东直门(共16站)

北京 景点 英文篇二

北京地铁沿线景点一览

【新】地铁4号线

行驶路线

安河桥北-北宫门-西苑-圆明园-北京大学东门-中关村-海淀黄庄-人民大学-魏公

村-国家图书馆-动物园-西直门-新街口-平安里-西四-灵境胡同-西单-宣武门-菜市

口-陶然亭-北京南站-马家堡-角门西-公益西桥

沿途景点

【北宫门站】 颐和园

【圆明园站】 圆明园

【国家图书馆站】 国家图书馆 紫竹院公园

【动物园站】 动物园 中国古动物馆 北京天文馆

【平安里站】 护国寺

【宣武门站】 宣武艺园

【陶然亭站】 陶然亭公园

地铁1号线

行驶路线→苹果园-古城路-八角游乐园-八宝山-玉泉路-五棵松-万寿路-公主坟-

军事博物馆-木樨地-南礼士路-复兴门-西单-天安门西-天安门东-王府井-东单-建

国门-永安里-国贸-大望路-四惠-四惠东

【苹果园】 石景山游乐园

【军事博物馆站】 军事博物馆 玉渊潭 中华世纪坛 中央电视塔

【木樨地站】 首都博物馆

【复兴门站】 百盛购物中心

【南礼士路站】 白云观 民族文化宫

【西单站】 西单商业街 什刹海 北海公园

【天安门西站】 天安门广场 故宫 国家大剧院

【天安门东站】 劳动人民文化宫 中山公园

【王府井站】 王府井商业街 东方广场

【东单站】 东单商业街

【建国门站】 建国门商业街 日坛公园 古观象台 秀水街 国贸商城

【四惠站】 高碑店古典家具一条街

【四惠东站】 中国紫檀博物馆

地铁2号线

行驶路线→西直门-积水潭-鼓楼大街-安定门-雍和宫-东直门-东四十条-朝阳门-

建国门-北京站-崇文门-前门-和平门-宣武门-长椿街-复兴门-阜成门-车公庄

沿途景点

【西直门站】

北京动物园 北京海洋馆 中国古动物博物馆 北京天文馆

【积水潭站】 郭守敬纪念馆

【鼓楼站】

钟鼓楼

【安定门站】 地坛公园

【雍和宫站】 雍和宫 国子监

【东直门站】 簋街 【东四十条站】 保利大厦 和敬公主府

【朝阳门站】 东岳庙(北京民俗博物馆)

【建国门站】 古观象台 日坛公园 建国门商业街

【北京站】

北京火车站 赛特购物中心

【崇文门站】 新世界购物中心 天坛公园

【前门站】

前门商业街 大栅栏

【和平门站】 琉璃厂文化街

【宣武门站】 庄胜崇光百货

【长椿街站】 报国寺古玩市场 牛街礼拜寺

【复兴门站】 百盛购物中心

【阜成门站】 月坛公园

地铁5号线

行驶路线→天通苑北-天通苑-天通苑南站-立水桥-立水桥南-北苑路北-大屯路东-

惠新西街北口-惠新西街南口-和平西桥-和平里北街-雍和宫-北新桥-张自忠路-东

四-灯市口-东单-崇文门-磁器口-天坛东门-蒲黄榆-刘家窑-宋家庄

沿途景点

【雍和宫站】 雍和宫 国子监

【天坛东门站】 天坛

【和平里北街站】 地坛公园

【张自忠路站】 段祺瑞执政府旧址 和敬公主府

【东单站】 东单公园

地铁8号线(奥运专线)

行驶路线→北土城-奥体中心-奥林匹克公园-森林公园南门

沿途景点

【北土城站】-元大都城垣遗址公园

【奥体中心站】-中华民族园 奥体中心体育馆

【奥林匹克公园站】-鸟巢 水立方 国家体育馆

【森林公园南门站】-奥林匹克公园

地铁10号线

行驶路线→巴沟-苏州街-海淀黄庄-知春里-知春路-西土城-牡丹园-建德门-北土

城-安贞门-惠新西街南口-芍药居-太阳宫-三元桥-亮马桥-农业展览馆-团结湖-呼

家楼-金台夕照-国贸-双井-劲松

沿途景点

【国贸站】 北京银泰中心 北京电视台(新址)

【金台夕照站】 中央电视台(新址)世贸天阶

【呼家楼站】 团结湖公园

【农业展览馆站】 农业展览馆

【太阳宫站】 太阳宫公园

【北土城站】 元大都城垣遗址公园

【西土城站】 元土城遗址公园

【巴沟站】 万柳公园

地铁13号线 行驶路线→西直门-大钟寺-知春路-五道口-上地-西二旗-龙泽-回龙观-霍营-立水

桥-北苑-望京西-芍药居-光熙门-柳芳-东直门

沿途景点

【大钟寺站】-大钟寺

地铁八通线

行驶路线→四惠-四惠东-高碑店-传媒大学-双桥-管庄-八里桥-北苑-果园-九棵树-

梨园-临河里-土桥

沿途景点

高碑店站-【中国紫檀博物馆】 【兴隆公园】

机场快轨

t3航站楼北京首都国际机场3号航站楼由t3a主楼、t3b、t3c主楼、t3d、t3e国际候机廊和楼前交通系统组成。

t3主楼地面五层和地下两层t3主楼一层为行李处理大厅、远机位候机大厅、国内国际vip

二层是旅客到达大厅、行李提取大厅、捷运站台

三层为国内旅客出港大厅

四层为办票、餐饮大厅

五层为餐饮。

t3c(国内区)和t3e(国际区)呈“人”字形对称在南北方向上遥相呼应中间

由红色钢结构的t3d航站楼相连接。南北向长2900米宽790米建筑高度45

米。三号航站楼比已有的两座航站楼要大得多。

北京 景点 英文篇三

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

ladies and gentlemen:

i am pleased to serve as your guide is the palace museum;also know as the purple forbidden is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china ming emperor yongle, construction began in took 14years to build the forbidden first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng(purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers spanided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star).the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple e the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his folklore, the term ―an eastern purple cloud is drifting‖ became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu , purple is associated with auspicious word jin(forbidden)is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also represents happiness, good fortune and is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their forbidden city is rectangular in is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters.a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the n —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wre are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess)to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess)to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate)to the west, the donghua(eastern flowery gate)to the er and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city.a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei e was quarried in quyang county in hebei blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong was cut, processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern structure in front of us is the meridian is the main entrance to the forbidden is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower).ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in honor of their also used this place for punishing officials by flogging them with emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new emperor qianlong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon)to avoid coincidental association with another emperor's name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important example, when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield, it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns before complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central of the important buildings in the forbidden city were arranged along this design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal forbidden city is spanided into an outer and an inner are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer front of us lies the gate of supreme gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions, symbolizing imperial power and lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state other one is a eath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial winding brook before us is the golden water functions both as decoration and fire five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius: benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence and river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer courtyard and an inner out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly ―three big halls‖ of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building ng them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua(prominent scholars)and wuying(brave warriors).the three great halls are built on a spacious ―h‖-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix are three carved stone staircases linking the three hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of the palace of heavenly purity northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state ng these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden is spanned by the white jade river is lined with winding, marble –carved of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were re has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion(imperial library).as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is wenyuange pavilion is a library where ―si ku quan shu‖-china's first comprehensive anthology-was stored.(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple ―h‖-shaped marble terrace is 8 meters high and linked by staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a existing architecture was built during the qing the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil re are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor's birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the both sides of the road the ground bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight the whole complex there are altogether 308 water wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall's grandeur and e the following the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a er major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument an officials and generals would kneel know in last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor was so scared that he kept crying and shouting, ―i don't want to stay here.i want to go home.‖ his father tried to soothe him, saying, ―it'll all soon be 'll all soon be finished‖ the ministers present at the event considered this incident dentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china’s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of copper-cast grain measure is called ―jialiang.‖ it served as the national standard during the qing was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony, there are 12 scarlet, round pillars supporting the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to is 35 meters in front of this architecture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and the middle of the hall, a throne carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is an imperial flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans), which was considered a symbol of ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li(9,000 kilometers)in one day and knows all languages and to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian(gold bell hall or the throne hall).the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with ed exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold brick was worth the market price of one dan(or one hectoliter)of hall is supported by a total of 72 thick these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china's ancient the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china's successive emperors are zuanyuan's descendants and hereditary you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the ? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back the foundation of the people's republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture repaired and returned to the hall.(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called ―menhai,‖ or sea before the door by the ancient believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak vats served both as a decoration and as a fire were kept full of water all year the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace y were made of gilt bronze or course, the gilt bronze vats were of the best the allied forces(britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria)invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets.(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete served as an emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year's eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china's xingjiang princes and ranking emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding al examinations were also held here once every three the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national national exam was presided over by the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and system was abolished in 1905.(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters weighs about 200 block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the g blocks were used in the 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route(route b)or an eastern route(route c).the commentary for each a

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden i 'd like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian(enshrinement of forebears)hall in the hall was built during the ming is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main hall is surrounded by front of the hall is the office of privy emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the r yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the can have a look at the inside from the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room ―sanxitang‖(room of three rare treasures).the room on the eastern side is of historical interest because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor.a bamboo curtain was used to separate s dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu'an prefecture of shanxi 's of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south she was 17 years old, she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning ―holy mother‖ was conferred upon her and she became the empress that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d'etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci'an, for 48 passed away in 1908 at the age of was in reference to this situation that the term ―attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain‖ 1912, empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 royal family was forced to move out permanently in the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing of them actually passed away side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and let's continue with our will take us to the hall of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace, the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial b

(inside the hall of heavenly purity)

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court, and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming re are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in the center of the hall there is a it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads ―be open and above-board,‖ written by shenzhi, the first emperor of the qing ing with qianlong's reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly d, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor's person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his box was opened only after the emperor passed ther there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daoguang and xian hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing ing to tradition, extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year's eve in honour of royal family n ambassadors were received here during the late-qing important ―one thousand old men's feasts‖ of the qing dynasty were also held the invitees had to be at least 65 years of hall was also used for mourning services.(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth, as well as national was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in hall is square in shape, and is smaller than the hall of complete will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianlong.a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind the throne there hangs a caisson, or covered emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events 1748 during emperor qianlong's reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding c

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden i'd like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern first is the treasure mansion is called the hall of imperial is where sing emperor quailing lived after 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the golden hair tower is one of the most tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in was built under the order of emperor quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his is also a ―day harnessing water jade hill‖ on display was a legendary monarch of the remote ixia his leadership, the people learned how to harness the yellow jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in mat was woven with peeled artifacts are among china's rarest treasures.(in front of the nine-dragon screen)

this is the nine-dragon relief d in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in eath is a foundation made of surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the was meant to ward off evil spirits the ancient chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the was meant to ward off evil ancient chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed stingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of is believe that when the nine-dragon screen was almost finished, a piece of glazed tile was r qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial , he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.(approaching the imperial garden)

behind the palace of earthly tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial re are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the forbidden of the structures in the garden are symmetrically r, each is different in terms of pattern and clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene main structure of the imperial garden is the qin'an oned in the central-northern part of the garden, this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and hall sits on a marble taoist deity of zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly rites were held during the reign of emperor jiajing of the ming front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or the northwest of the hall, there is the yanhui(sustaining sunshine)pavilion and to the northeast there lies the duixiu(accumulated refinement) hill was built over the foundation of the guanhua(admiring flowers)hall of the ming is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiangsu its base stand two stone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its are meandering paths leading to the the top of duixiu hill sits the yujing(imperial viewing)ionally, on the day of the double ninth festival(the ninth day of the ninth lunar month), the emperor, his consort, and his concubines would climb up to yujing pavilion to enjoy the the southeastern corner of the garden is jiangxue(crimson snowy) to the southwest lies yangxing study(study of the cultivation of nature).the yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing last emperor of the qing dynasty, puyi once studied english t front of the jiangxue verandah some chinese flowering crabapples structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms from crimson to snowy front of the verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna province under the order of empress dowager the northeast is chizao tang(hall of using flowery language), once used as a library where rare books were are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four halls of wanchun and qianqiu, representing spring and autumn respectively, are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped halls of chengrui and fubi, dedicated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different imperial garden can be accessed through the qiong yuan(jade garden)west gate or the qiong yuan east gate.a third gate, the shunzhen(obedience and fidelity)gate, opens to the doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or our tour of the forbidden city draws to a close, i hope that i have helped you understand why the palace is a treasure of china and one of the cultural relics of the is under the strict protection of the chinese 1949 when the people's republic of china was founded, nearly one trillion rmb was spent on its restoration and forbidden city has undergone four major facelifts to year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural palace now contains a total of 930,000 cultural , so much for 's go to board the you!

北京导游词六大景点英文导游词之颐和园

(out side the east gate)

ladies and gentlemen: welcome to the summer palace.(after the self-introduction of the guide-interpreter)i hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and construction of the summer palace first started in that time, the qing dynasty was in its heyday and china was a powerful asian country with vast monarch in power then was emperor supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the garden of clear ripples was completed and served as a testimony to china` s scientific and technological 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the yuanming yuan(garden of perfection and brightness)by angol-french allied 1888, empress dowager cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony(summer palace).characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the is the main entrance to the summer palace-the east gate on top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a chinese inscription which means ―garden of nurtured harmony‖ , whose calligrapher was emperor gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer others used the side doors.(inside the east gate)

the summer palace can be spanided into two parts: longevity hill and kunming whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three-fourths consists of a lake and imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of layout of the summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing ng the east gate we will come the the office ng the east gate we will come to the office annex halls on both sides were used for officials on is the gate of benevolence and the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both chinese and manchurian gigantic rock in the foreground is known as taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as qilin or was said to the one of the nine sons of dragon king.a point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and grand hall is the hall of benevolence and was built in 1750 , and was known as the hall of industrious r qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after the rebuilding of the summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long arrangement of the hall has been left the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent small chambers on eight side were where the emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi rested and met officials on formal the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their on the veranda are tai ping(peace)bronze water vats made during the reign of emperor a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.(at the entrance of garden of virtuous harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with beijing opera mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure grand theater building known as the ―cradle of beijing opera‖ was uniquely laid out and magnificently september 10, 1984, the garden of virtuous harmony opened its doors to are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display staff here put up court dresses of qing dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.(in front of the grand theater building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top.a well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more the three main theater building of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and the other two are changyin(fluent voice)pavilion in chengde, an imperial summer building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of beijing opera: since the completion of the grand theater building, many performances were held in it in honor of the empress dowager cixi.(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolent and appears that there` s nothing special r, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming is a application of a specific style of chinese far away in the lake there is a is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the pavilion on the islet is called zhichun(understanding spring)pavilion and is chardcterized by four-edged, multiple eaved roofs.(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the hall of jade was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state was also where emperor guangxu of the late qing dynasty was kept under house hall is a hallmark of the reform movement of 1898, emperor guanxu was empress dowager cixi` s emperor tongzhi died, empress dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the emperor guanxu was 19 years old ,empress dowager cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the r guangxu was closely watched by wall remains intact for tourists to see..dynasty while reforming outdated movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the r guangxu was closely watched by wall remains intact for tourists to see.(in front of yiyunguan(chamber of mortal beings)this was where empress and empress dowager of china` s feudal r, emperor guanxu was not the last emperor of the qing last in the line was emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be 1912, he was forced to the short reign of emperor s longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of empress 1911, a revolution led by yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, empress longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of china.(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

the aged empress dowager cixi was so fond of the summer palace that she decided to live here from april through october of every group of buildings served as her group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and wonder one of empress dowager cixi` s pleasure the pier there is a tall lantern ng the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and empress dowager cixi would dine on 128 e of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on the east side of the living room is the cloak bedroom in on its front of the yaoyue(inviting the moon)gate of the long corridor the famed long corridor is kunming lake and in the foreground of longevity hill, the long corridor stretches from yaoyue(inviting the moon)gate to shizhang(stony old man) is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal 1990 ,it was listed in guinness book of world records.(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions(beauty-retaining pavilion, enjoy-the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion and clarity distance pavilion)were placed at bends and sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the red buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified corridor can also be called a ―corridor of paintings ‖: there are more than 14,000 paintings on its of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the west lake in hangzhou, zhejian present scenes from literary majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of emperor qianlong, who preperred the scenery of south china.(by the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)

this group of temple-shaped structures are known as qinghua(clarified china)hall ,also known as arhat hall during the reign of emperor original hall burned down in it was reconstructed, it was a hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the summer hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the ming and qing dynasties, and rare and is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and bears the handwritten inscriptions of emperor qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the xinjiang this slab survived when the angle-french allied forces set fire to the summer palace.(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling hall of dispelling clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to empress dowager was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex the forecourt there is a pool and marble ng from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the gate of dispelling clouds, the hall of dispelling clouds and the tower of buddhist of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the tower of buddhist incense, which was a symbol of imperial layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer the hall of dispelling clouds)

the original buildings on this site were burned down by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860.a new set of structures was built during the reign of emperor guanxu, and was called the hall of dispelling clouds, suggesting that it was a hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire 10th day of lunar october was ,empress dowager cixi` s that day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the summer palace-the tower of buddhist we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 , let` s go!

(in the front of the tower of buddhist incense)

an octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the tower of buddhist incense is the very center of the summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient chinese tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the tower of buddhist incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding tower overlooks kunming lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of the west side of the tower stands baoyunge(precious cloud pavilion).it is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in resembles its wooden counterparts in every is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in prayed here during the reign of emperor qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited 1992 an american company bought the windows and returned them intact to china.(on a hilltop leading from the back door of tower of buddhist incense)

now we can see the long and snaking western causeway and a shorter dike that spanides kunming lake into three areas that contain south lake island, seaweed-viewing island and circle city three island represent three mountain in ancient chinese mythology, i, fangzhang and peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of emperor wudi of the han dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical artificial building techniques, the ancient chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.(inside the garden of harmonious interest)

setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of china traditional architectural garden of harmonious interest serves as a fine example of garden was built under the order of emperor qianlong and modeled after the jichang garden(garden of ease of mind)at the foot of mount huishan, jiansu was renamed by his son emperor jiaqing in existing garden was rebuilt by emperor or s dowager cixi used to go fishing garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries with all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the garden of harmonious interest is basically a garden of ng the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the most famous of them is the bridge known as ―knowing –the fishing-bridge.‖ it is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the warring states period, two philosophere named zhuang zi had an interesting argument by the side of a said, ‖fish swim to and fro in the happy fish!‖ hui asked , ‖you are not a do you know they are happy? ‖ zhuang replied, ―you are not do you know i don’t know? ‖ hui signed, ―i am not you ,therefore, i don’t know you are not a fish ,so how do you know that fish are happy? ‖ zhang said, ―you ask me how i know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?‖ although the garden of harmonious interest was designed after jichang garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it.(outside the south entrance to suzhou shopping street)

now lets have a look at longevity the back slope of the hill stands a group of centerpiece of structures there are known as the four continents and are dedicated to group was laid out and arranged in accordance with buddhist from a main shrine and structures embodying the four continents, there are eight towers representing minor shrine is surrounded by four lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the qing authority attached great importance to further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both han and tibetan styles of architecture into this group of r north at the foot of the four major continent lies the suzhou shopping along the back lake of the summer palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style chinese coins for use ronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.(atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street)

visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in south a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in ally known as emperor` s shopping street, it was built during the reign of emperor making several inspection tours to south china and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, emperor qianlong ordered the construction of this imperial shopping street was burnt down by anglo-french allied forces in site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction was opened to the public in september commercial culture as its hallmark, the suzhou shopping street is a vivid representation of china` s traditional cultures.(on the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)

this is the hall of it to the west we can walk to the marble path we aree taking stretches between longevity hill and back hs and their cohorts used to stroll along it was named central imperial this path you will see lilacs all , this road is also known as the path of lilac.(in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring)

quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor qianlong, among which the garden of complete spring was one of the most ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different of the structures were connected with galleries and stone its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the garden of complete spring serves as a fine model for other r qianlong frequently visited this compound.(along the lakeside by the marble boat

now we have returned from the back of longevity hill to the is the famous marble structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made of top of it is a two storeyed floor was paved with colored of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon ing to a book written by emperor qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the qing y up the slope there stands the hall for listening to ancient chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late premier zhou enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests.(sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they who do not can go abroad right who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the long corridor to the outside of the east gate).(boating on kunmin lake)we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure a main part of the summer palace, kunming lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer natural lake is more than 3500 years lake was originally called wengshan 1749 emperor qianlong ordered the construction of qingyi garden, the predecessor of the summer ing nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for 1990 to 1991, the beijing municipal government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 ing 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the japanese during the anti-japanese war were summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by re used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the ―kunming merry dragon‖ was the most was destroyed by the anglo-french allied forces in make the tour of the summer palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat ―tai he ‖(supreme harmony)was double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per pleasure boats are also available to r major spot of interest on the western causeway is jingming(bright view) its front and rear face the structure also features three two-storeyed halls of varying tour is drawing to a close as we approach the we only visited the major scenic areas of the summer palace.i have left other spot of interest for your next visit.i will show you out through the east gate.i hope you enjoyed today` s -bye and good luck.北京导游词六大景点英文导游词之十三陵

at a distance of 50 km northwest of beijing stands an arc-shaped cluster of hills fronted by a small is where 13 emperors of the ming dynasty(1368-1644)were buried, and the area is known as the ming uction of the tombs started in 1409 and ended with the fall of the ming dynasty in over 200 years tombs were built over an area of 40 square kilometres, which is surrounded by walls totalling 40 tomb is located at the foot of a separate hill and is linked with the other tombs by a road called the sacred stone archway at the southern end of the sacred way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and spanine g served as the national capital during the yuan, ming and qing ming and qing rulers who all built massive tombs for themselves, yuan rulers left no similar burial the difference?

this has to do with people's different views on g nomads came from the mongolian s who established the yuan dynasty held the belief that they had come from: adopted a simple funeral method: the dead was placed inside a hollowed nanmu tree, which was then buried under of grass soon left no traces of the contrast, during the ming dynasty established by han chinese coming from an agricultural society in central china, people believed the existence of an after-world, where the dead “lived” a life similar to that of the emperor, therefore, has grand mausoleums built for rulers did archway

the stone archway at the southern end of the sacred way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and spanine -proportioned and finely carved, the archway is one of the best preserved specimens of its kink in the ming is also the largest ancient stone archway in pavilion

the stele pavilion, not far from the great palace gate, is actually a pavilion with a double-eaved the back of the stele is carvedpoetry written by emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty when he visited the ming way

the sacred way inside the gate of the ming tomb is lined with 18 pairs of stone human figures and include four each of three types of officials: civil, military and meritorious officials, symbolizing those who assist the emperor in the administration of the state, plus four each of six iypes of animals: lion, griffin, camel, elephant, unicorn and ng tomb

yongling, built in 1536, is the tomb for emperor shizong, zhu houcong(1507-1566).he stayed in power for 45 ng tomb the dingling tomb is the tomb of emperor wanli(reigned 1573-1619), the 13th emperor of the ming dynasty, whose personal name was zhu yijun, and of his two empresses, xiao duan and xiao tomb was completed in six years(1584-1590), it occupies a total area of 1,195 square meters at the foot of dayu mountain southwest of the changling g tomb

emperor xianzong, zhu jianshen, and his three empresses are entombed within jianshen(1447-1487)was the first son of emperor stayed in power for 22 have covered some of the most significant tombs of the 13 ming tombs in the you are also interested in the other tombs, the best way is to come and experience ing tomb

changling is the tomb of emperor yongle(reigned 1403-1424), the third emperor of the ming dynasty whose personal name was zhu di, and of his in 1413, the mausoleum extends over an area of 100,000 square soul tower, which tells people whose tomb it is, rests on a circular wall called the “city of treasures” which surrounds the burial “city of treasures” at changling has a length of more than a round palace

the underground palace at dingling tomb consists of an antechamber, a ceniral chamber and a rear chamber plus the left and right of the pictures shows the central chamber where the sacrificial utensils are on marble doors are made of single slabs and carved with life-size human figures, flowers and than 3,000 articles have been unearthed from the tumulus, the most precious being the golden crowns of the emperor and his queen.19